u-boot/tools/binman/func_test.py

#
# Copyright (c) 2016 Google, Inc
# Written by Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier:      GPL-2.0+
#
# To run a single test, change to this directory, and:
#
#    python -m unittest func_test.TestFunctional.testHelp

from optparse import OptionParser
import os
import shutil
import struct
import sys
import tempfile
import unittest

import binman
import cmdline
import command
import control
import entry
import fdt
import fdt_util
import tools
import tout

# Contents of test files, corresponding to different entry types
U_BOOT_DATA         = '1234'
U_BOOT_IMG_DATA     = 'img'
U_BOOT_SPL_DATA     = '567'
BLOB_DATA           = '89'
ME_DATA             = '0abcd'
VGA_DATA            = 'vga'
U_BOOT_DTB_DATA     = 'udtb'
X86_START16_DATA    = 'start16'
U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA   = 'nodtb with microcode pointer somewhere in here'
FSP_DATA            = 'fsp'
CMC_DATA            = 'cmc'
VBT_DATA            = 'vbt'

class TestFunctional(unittest.TestCase):
    """Functional tests for binman

    Most of these use a sample .dts file to build an image and then check
    that it looks correct. The sample files are in the test/ subdirectory
    and are numbered.

    For each entry type a very small test file is created using fixed
    string contents. This makes it easy to test that things look right, and
    debug problems.

    In some cases a 'real' file must be used - these are also supplied in
    the test/ diurectory.
    """
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(self):
        # Handle the case where argv[0] is 'python'
        self._binman_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(sys.argv[0]))
        self._binman_pathname = os.path.join(self._binman_dir, 'binman')

        # Create a temporary directory for input files
        self._indir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='binmant.')

        # Create some test files
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot.bin', U_BOOT_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot.img', U_BOOT_IMG_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('spl/u-boot-spl.bin', U_BOOT_SPL_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('blobfile', BLOB_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('me.bin', ME_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('vga.bin', VGA_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot.dtb', U_BOOT_DTB_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot-x86-16bit.bin', X86_START16_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot-nodtb.bin', U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('fsp.bin', FSP_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('cmc.bin', CMC_DATA)
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('vbt.bin', VBT_DATA)
        self._output_setup = False

        # ELF file with a '_dt_ucode_base_size' symbol
        with open(self.TestFile('u_boot_ucode_ptr')) as fd:
            TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot', fd.read())

        # Intel flash descriptor file
        with open(self.TestFile('descriptor.bin')) as fd:
            TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('descriptor.bin', fd.read())

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(self):
        """Remove the temporary input directory and its contents"""
        if self._indir:
            shutil.rmtree(self._indir)
        self._indir = None

    def setUp(self):
        # Enable this to turn on debugging output
        # tout.Init(tout.DEBUG)
        command.test_result = None

    def tearDown(self):
        """Remove the temporary output directory"""
        tools._FinaliseForTest()

    def _RunBinman(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """Run binman using the command line

        Args:
            Arguments to pass, as a list of strings
            kwargs: Arguments to pass to Command.RunPipe()
        """
        result = command.RunPipe([[self._binman_pathname] + list(args)],
                capture=True, capture_stderr=True, raise_on_error=False)
        if result.return_code and kwargs.get('raise_on_error', True):
            raise Exception("Error running '%s': %s" % (' '.join(args),
                            result.stdout + result.stderr))
        return result

    def _DoBinman(self, *args):
        """Run binman using directly (in the same process)

        Args:
            Arguments to pass, as a list of strings
        Returns:
            Return value (0 for success)
        """
        (options, args) = cmdline.ParseArgs(list(args))
        options.pager = 'binman-invalid-pager'
        options.build_dir = self._indir

        # For testing, you can force an increase in verbosity here
        # options.verbosity = tout.DEBUG
        return control.Binman(options, args)

    def _DoTestFile(self, fname):
        """Run binman with a given test file

        Args:
            fname: Device tree source filename to use (e.g. 05_simple.dts)
        """
        return self._DoBinman('-p', '-I', self._indir,
                              '-d', self.TestFile(fname))

    def _SetupDtb(self, fname, outfile='u-boot.dtb'):
        """Set up a new test device-tree file

        The given file is compiled and set up as the device tree to be used
        for ths test.

        Args:
            fname: Filename of .dts file to read
            outfile: Output filename for compiled device tree binary

        Returns:
            Contents of device tree binary
        """
        if not self._output_setup:
            tools.PrepareOutputDir(self._indir, True)
            self._output_setup = True
        dtb = fdt_util.EnsureCompiled(self.TestFile(fname))
        with open(dtb) as fd:
            data = fd.read()
            TestFunctional._MakeInputFile(outfile, data)
            return data

    def _DoReadFileDtb(self, fname, use_real_dtb=False):
        """Run binman and return the resulting image

        This runs binman with a given test file and then reads the resulting
        output file. It is a shortcut function since most tests need to do
        these steps.

        Raises an assertion failure if binman returns a non-zero exit code.

        Args:
            fname: Device tree source filename to use (e.g. 05_simple.dts)
            use_real_dtb: True to use the test file as the contents of
                the u-boot-dtb entry. Normally this is not needed and the
                test contents (the U_BOOT_DTB_DATA string) can be used.
                But in some test we need the real contents.

        Returns:
            Tuple:
                Resulting image contents
                Device tree contents
        """
        dtb_data = None
        # Use the compiled test file as the u-boot-dtb input
        if use_real_dtb:
            dtb_data = self._SetupDtb(fname)

        try:
            retcode = self._DoTestFile(fname)
            self.assertEqual(0, retcode)

            # Find the (only) image, read it and return its contents
            image = control.images['image']
            fname = tools.GetOutputFilename('image.bin')
            self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fname))
            with open(fname) as fd:
                return fd.read(), dtb_data
        finally:
            # Put the test file back
            if use_real_dtb:
                TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot.dtb', U_BOOT_DTB_DATA)

    def _DoReadFile(self, fname, use_real_dtb=False):
        """Helper function which discards the device-tree binary"""
        return self._DoReadFileDtb(fname, use_real_dtb)[0]

    @classmethod
    def _MakeInputFile(self, fname, contents):
        """Create a new test input file, creating directories as needed

        Args:
            fname: Filenaem to create
            contents: File contents to write in to the file
        Returns:
            Full pathname of file created
        """
        pathname = os.path.join(self._indir, fname)
        dirname = os.path.dirname(pathname)
        if dirname and not os.path.exists(dirname):
            os.makedirs(dirname)
        with open(pathname, 'wb') as fd:
            fd.write(contents)
        return pathname

    @classmethod
    def TestFile(self, fname):
        return os.path.join(self._binman_dir, 'test', fname)

    def AssertInList(self, grep_list, target):
        """Assert that at least one of a list of things is in a target

        Args:
            grep_list: List of strings to check
            target: Target string
        """
        for grep in grep_list:
            if grep in target:
                return
        self.fail("Error: '%' not found in '%s'" % (grep_list, target))

    def CheckNoGaps(self, entries):
        """Check that all entries fit together without gaps

        Args:
            entries: List of entries to check
        """
        pos = 0
        for entry in entries.values():
            self.assertEqual(pos, entry.pos)
            pos += entry.size

    def GetFdtLen(self, dtb):
        """Get the totalsize field from a device tree binary

        Args:
            dtb: Device tree binary contents

        Returns:
            Total size of device tree binary, from the header
        """
        return struct.unpack('>L', dtb[4:8])[0]

    def testRun(self):
        """Test a basic run with valid args"""
        result = self._RunBinman('-h')

    def testFullHelp(self):
        """Test that the full help is displayed with -H"""
        result = self._RunBinman('-H')
        help_file = os.path.join(self._binman_dir, 'README')
        self.assertEqual(len(result.stdout), os.path.getsize(help_file))
        self.assertEqual(0, len(result.stderr))
        self.assertEqual(0, result.return_code)

    def testFullHelpInternal(self):
        """Test that the full help is displayed with -H"""
        try:
            command.test_result = command.CommandResult()
            result = self._DoBinman('-H')
            help_file = os.path.join(self._binman_dir, 'README')
        finally:
            command.test_result = None

    def testHelp(self):
        """Test that the basic help is displayed with -h"""
        result = self._RunBinman('-h')
        self.assertTrue(len(result.stdout) > 200)
        self.assertEqual(0, len(result.stderr))
        self.assertEqual(0, result.return_code)

    # Not yet available.
    def testBoard(self):
        """Test that we can run it with a specific board"""
        self._SetupDtb('05_simple.dts', 'sandbox/u-boot.dtb')
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('sandbox/u-boot.bin', U_BOOT_DATA)
        result = self._DoBinman('-b', 'sandbox')
        self.assertEqual(0, result)

    def testNeedBoard(self):
        """Test that we get an error when no board ius supplied"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            result = self._DoBinman()
        self.assertIn("Must provide a board to process (use -b <board>)",
                str(e.exception))

    def testMissingDt(self):
        """Test that an invalid device tree file generates an error"""
        with self.assertRaises(Exception) as e:
            self._RunBinman('-d', 'missing_file')
        # We get one error from libfdt, and a different one from fdtget.
        self.AssertInList(["Couldn't open blob from 'missing_file'",
                           'No such file or directory'], str(e.exception))

    def testBrokenDt(self):
        """Test that an invalid device tree source file generates an error

        Since this is a source file it should be compiled and the error
        will come from the device-tree compiler (dtc).
        """
        with self.assertRaises(Exception) as e:
            self._RunBinman('-d', self.TestFile('01_invalid.dts'))
        self.assertIn("FATAL ERROR: Unable to parse input tree",
                str(e.exception))

    def testMissingNode(self):
        """Test that a device tree without a 'binman' node generates an error"""
        with self.assertRaises(Exception) as e:
            self._DoBinman('-d', self.TestFile('02_missing_node.dts'))
        self.assertIn("does not have a 'binman' node", str(e.exception))

    def testEmpty(self):
        """Test that an empty binman node works OK (i.e. does nothing)"""
        result = self._RunBinman('-d', self.TestFile('03_empty.dts'))
        self.assertEqual(0, len(result.stderr))
        self.assertEqual(0, result.return_code)

    def testInvalidEntry(self):
        """Test that an invalid entry is flagged"""
        with self.assertRaises(Exception) as e:
            result = self._RunBinman('-d',
                                     self.TestFile('04_invalid_entry.dts'))
        #print e.exception
        self.assertIn("Unknown entry type 'not-a-valid-type' in node "
                "'/binman/not-a-valid-type'", str(e.exception))

    def testSimple(self):
        """Test a simple binman with a single file"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('05_simple.dts')
        self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_DATA, data)

    def testDual(self):
        """Test that we can handle creating two images

        This also tests image padding.
        """
        retcode = self._DoTestFile('06_dual_image.dts')
        self.assertEqual(0, retcode)

        image = control.images['image1']
        self.assertEqual(len(U_BOOT_DATA), image._size)
        fname = tools.GetOutputFilename('image1.bin')
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fname))
        with open(fname) as fd:
            data = fd.read()
            self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_DATA, data)

        image = control.images['image2']
        self.assertEqual(3 + len(U_BOOT_DATA) + 5, image._size)
        fname = tools.GetOutputFilename('image2.bin')
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fname))
        with open(fname) as fd:
            data = fd.read()
            self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_DATA, data[3:7])
            self.assertEqual(chr(0) * 3, data[:3])
            self.assertEqual(chr(0) * 5, data[7:])

    def testBadAlign(self):
        """Test that an invalid alignment value is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('07_bad_align.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Alignment 23 must be a power "
                      "of two", str(e.exception))

    def testPackSimple(self):
        """Test that packing works as expected"""
        retcode = self._DoTestFile('08_pack.dts')
        self.assertEqual(0, retcode)
        self.assertIn('image', control.images)
        image = control.images['image']
        entries = image._entries
        self.assertEqual(5, len(entries))

        # First u-boot
        self.assertIn('u-boot', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot']
        self.assertEqual(0, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(len(U_BOOT_DATA), entry.size)

        # Second u-boot, aligned to 16-byte boundary
        self.assertIn('u-boot-align', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-align']
        self.assertEqual(16, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(len(U_BOOT_DATA), entry.size)

        # Third u-boot, size 23 bytes
        self.assertIn('u-boot-size', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-size']
        self.assertEqual(20, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(len(U_BOOT_DATA), entry.contents_size)
        self.assertEqual(23, entry.size)

        # Fourth u-boot, placed immediate after the above
        self.assertIn('u-boot-next', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-next']
        self.assertEqual(43, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(len(U_BOOT_DATA), entry.size)

        # Fifth u-boot, placed at a fixed position
        self.assertIn('u-boot-fixed', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-fixed']
        self.assertEqual(61, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(len(U_BOOT_DATA), entry.size)

        self.assertEqual(65, image._size)

    def testPackExtra(self):
        """Test that extra packing feature works as expected"""
        retcode = self._DoTestFile('09_pack_extra.dts')

        self.assertEqual(0, retcode)
        self.assertIn('image', control.images)
        image = control.images['image']
        entries = image._entries
        self.assertEqual(5, len(entries))

        # First u-boot with padding before and after
        self.assertIn('u-boot', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot']
        self.assertEqual(0, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(3, entry.pad_before)
        self.assertEqual(3 + 5 + len(U_BOOT_DATA), entry.size)

        # Second u-boot has an aligned size, but it has no effect
        self.assertIn('u-boot-align-size-nop', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-align-size-nop']
        self.assertEqual(12, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(4, entry.size)

        # Third u-boot has an aligned size too
        self.assertIn('u-boot-align-size', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-align-size']
        self.assertEqual(16, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(32, entry.size)

        # Fourth u-boot has an aligned end
        self.assertIn('u-boot-align-end', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-align-end']
        self.assertEqual(48, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(16, entry.size)

        # Fifth u-boot immediately afterwards
        self.assertIn('u-boot-align-both', entries)
        entry = entries['u-boot-align-both']
        self.assertEqual(64, entry.pos)
        self.assertEqual(64, entry.size)

        self.CheckNoGaps(entries)
        self.assertEqual(128, image._size)

    def testPackAlignPowerOf2(self):
        """Test that invalid entry alignment is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('10_pack_align_power2.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Alignment 5 must be a power "
                      "of two", str(e.exception))

    def testPackAlignSizePowerOf2(self):
        """Test that invalid entry size alignment is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('11_pack_align_size_power2.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Alignment size 55 must be a "
                      "power of two", str(e.exception))

    def testPackInvalidAlign(self):
        """Test detection of an position that does not match its alignment"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('12_pack_inv_align.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Position 0x5 (5) does not match "
                      "align 0x4 (4)", str(e.exception))

    def testPackInvalidSizeAlign(self):
        """Test that invalid entry size alignment is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('13_pack_inv_size_align.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Size 0x5 (5) does not match "
                      "align-size 0x4 (4)", str(e.exception))

    def testPackOverlap(self):
        """Test that overlapping regions are detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('14_pack_overlap.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-align': Position 0x3 (3) overlaps "
                      "with previous entry '/binman/u-boot' ending at 0x4 (4)",
                      str(e.exception))

    def testPackEntryOverflow(self):
        """Test that entries that overflow their size are detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('15_pack_overflow.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Entry contents size is 0x4 (4) "
                      "but entry size is 0x3 (3)", str(e.exception))

    def testPackImageOverflow(self):
        """Test that entries which overflow the image size are detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('16_pack_image_overflow.dts')
        self.assertIn("Image '/binman': contents size 0x4 (4) exceeds image "
                      "size 0x3 (3)", str(e.exception))

    def testPackImageSize(self):
        """Test that the image size can be set"""
        retcode = self._DoTestFile('17_pack_image_size.dts')
        self.assertEqual(0, retcode)
        self.assertIn('image', control.images)
        image = control.images['image']
        self.assertEqual(7, image._size)

    def testPackImageSizeAlign(self):
        """Test that image size alignemnt works as expected"""
        retcode = self._DoTestFile('18_pack_image_align.dts')
        self.assertEqual(0, retcode)
        self.assertIn('image', control.images)
        image = control.images['image']
        self.assertEqual(16, image._size)

    def testPackInvalidImageAlign(self):
        """Test that invalid image alignment is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('19_pack_inv_image_align.dts')
        self.assertIn("Image '/binman': Size 0x7 (7) does not match "
                      "align-size 0x8 (8)", str(e.exception))

    def testPackAlignPowerOf2(self):
        """Test that invalid image alignment is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('20_pack_inv_image_align_power2.dts')
        self.assertIn("Image '/binman': Alignment size 131 must be a power of "
                      "two", str(e.exception))

    def testImagePadByte(self):
        """Test that the image pad byte can be specified"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('21_image_pad.dts')
        self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_SPL_DATA + (chr(0xff) * 9) + U_BOOT_DATA, data)

    def testImageName(self):
        """Test that image files can be named"""
        retcode = self._DoTestFile('22_image_name.dts')
        self.assertEqual(0, retcode)
        image = control.images['image1']
        fname = tools.GetOutputFilename('test-name')
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fname))

        image = control.images['image2']
        fname = tools.GetOutputFilename('test-name.xx')
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fname))

    def testBlobFilename(self):
        """Test that generic blobs can be provided by filename"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('23_blob.dts')
        self.assertEqual(BLOB_DATA, data)

    def testPackSorted(self):
        """Test that entries can be sorted"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('24_sorted.dts')
        self.assertEqual(chr(0) * 5 + U_BOOT_SPL_DATA + chr(0) * 2 +
                         U_BOOT_DATA, data)

    def testPackZeroPosition(self):
        """Test that an entry at position 0 is not given a new position"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('25_pack_zero_size.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-spl': Position 0x0 (0) overlaps "
                      "with previous entry '/binman/u-boot' ending at 0x4 (4)",
                      str(e.exception))

    def testPackUbootDtb(self):
        """Test that a device tree can be added to U-Boot"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('26_pack_u_boot_dtb.dts')
        self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA + U_BOOT_DTB_DATA, data)

    def testPackX86RomNoSize(self):
        """Test that the end-at-4gb property requires a size property"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('27_pack_4gb_no_size.dts')
        self.assertIn("Image '/binman': Image size must be provided when "
                      "using end-at-4gb", str(e.exception))

    def testPackX86RomOutside(self):
        """Test that the end-at-4gb property checks for position boundaries"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('28_pack_4gb_outside.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot': Position 0x0 (0) is outside "
                      "the image starting at 0xfffffff0 (4294967280)",
                      str(e.exception))

    def testPackX86Rom(self):
        """Test that a basic x86 ROM can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('29_x86-rom.dts')
        self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_DATA + chr(0) * 3 + U_BOOT_SPL_DATA +
                         chr(0) * 6, data)

    def testPackX86RomMeNoDesc(self):
        """Test that an invalid Intel descriptor entry is detected"""
        TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('descriptor.bin', '')
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('31_x86-rom-me.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/intel-descriptor': Cannot find FD "
                      "signature", str(e.exception))

    def testPackX86RomBadDesc(self):
        """Test that the Intel requires a descriptor entry"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoTestFile('30_x86-rom-me-no-desc.dts')
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/intel-me': No position set with "
                      "pos-unset: should another entry provide this correct "
                      "position?", str(e.exception))

    def testPackX86RomMe(self):
        """Test that an x86 ROM with an ME region can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('31_x86-rom-me.dts')
        self.assertEqual(ME_DATA, data[0x1000:0x1000 + len(ME_DATA)])

    def testPackVga(self):
        """Test that an image with a VGA binary can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('32_intel-vga.dts')
        self.assertEqual(VGA_DATA, data[:len(VGA_DATA)])

    def testPackStart16(self):
        """Test that an image with an x86 start16 region can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('33_x86-start16.dts')
        self.assertEqual(X86_START16_DATA, data[:len(X86_START16_DATA)])

    def testPackUbootMicrocode(self):
        """Test that x86 microcode can be handled correctly

        We expect to see the following in the image, in order:
            u-boot-nodtb.bin with a microcode pointer inserted at the correct
                place
            u-boot.dtb with the microcode removed
            the microcode
        """
        data = self._DoReadFile('34_x86_ucode.dts', True)

        # Now check the device tree has no microcode
        second = data[len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA):]
        fname = tools.GetOutputFilename('test.dtb')
        with open(fname, 'wb') as fd:
            fd.write(second)
        dtb = fdt.FdtScan(fname)
        ucode = dtb.GetNode('/microcode')
        self.assertTrue(ucode)
        for node in ucode.subnodes:
            self.assertFalse(node.props.get('data'))

        fdt_len = self.GetFdtLen(second)
        third = second[fdt_len:]

        # Check that the microcode appears immediately after the Fdt
        # This matches the concatenation of the data properties in
        # the /microcode/update@xxx nodes in x86_ucode.dts.
        ucode_data = struct.pack('>4L', 0x12345678, 0x12345679, 0xabcd0000,
                                 0x78235609)
        self.assertEqual(ucode_data, third[:len(ucode_data)])
        ucode_pos = len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA) + fdt_len

        # Check that the microcode pointer was inserted. It should match the
        # expected position and size
        pos_and_size = struct.pack('<2L', 0xfffffe00 + ucode_pos,
                                   len(ucode_data))
        first = data[:len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA)]
        self.assertEqual('nodtb with microcode' + pos_and_size +
                         ' somewhere in here', first)

    def _RunPackUbootSingleMicrocode(self):
        """Test that x86 microcode can be handled correctly

        We expect to see the following in the image, in order:
            u-boot-nodtb.bin with a microcode pointer inserted at the correct
                place
            u-boot.dtb with the microcode
            an empty microcode region
        """
        # We need the libfdt library to run this test since only that allows
        # finding the offset of a property. This is required by
        # Entry_u_boot_dtb_with_ucode.ObtainContents().
        data = self._DoReadFile('35_x86_single_ucode.dts', True)

        second = data[len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA):]

        fdt_len = self.GetFdtLen(second)
        third = second[fdt_len:]
        second = second[:fdt_len]

        ucode_data = struct.pack('>2L', 0x12345678, 0x12345679)
        self.assertIn(ucode_data, second)
        ucode_pos = second.find(ucode_data) + len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA)

        # Check that the microcode pointer was inserted. It should match the
        # expected position and size
        pos_and_size = struct.pack('<2L', 0xfffffe00 + ucode_pos,
                                   len(ucode_data))
        first = data[:len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA)]
        self.assertEqual('nodtb with microcode' + pos_and_size +
                         ' somewhere in here', first)

    def testPackUbootSingleMicrocode(self):
        """Test that x86 microcode can be handled correctly with fdt_normal.
        """
        self._RunPackUbootSingleMicrocode()

    def testUBootImg(self):
        """Test that u-boot.img can be put in a file"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('36_u_boot_img.dts')
        self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_IMG_DATA, data)

    def testNoMicrocode(self):
        """Test that a missing microcode region is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoReadFile('37_x86_no_ucode.dts', True)
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-dtb-with-ucode': No /microcode "
                      "node found in ", str(e.exception))

    def testMicrocodeWithoutNode(self):
        """Test that a missing u-boot-dtb-with-ucode node is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoReadFile('38_x86_ucode_missing_node.dts', True)
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-with-ucode-ptr': Cannot find "
                "microcode region u-boot-dtb-with-ucode", str(e.exception))

    def testMicrocodeWithoutNode2(self):
        """Test that a missing u-boot-ucode node is detected"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoReadFile('39_x86_ucode_missing_node2.dts', True)
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-with-ucode-ptr': Cannot find "
            "microcode region u-boot-ucode", str(e.exception))

    def testMicrocodeWithoutPtrInElf(self):
        """Test that a U-Boot binary without the microcode symbol is detected"""
        # ELF file without a '_dt_ucode_base_size' symbol
        try:
            with open(self.TestFile('u_boot_no_ucode_ptr')) as fd:
                TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot', fd.read())

            with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
                self._RunPackUbootSingleMicrocode()
            self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-with-ucode-ptr': Cannot locate "
                    "_dt_ucode_base_size symbol in u-boot", str(e.exception))

        finally:
            # Put the original file back
            with open(self.TestFile('u_boot_ucode_ptr')) as fd:
                TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot', fd.read())

    def testMicrocodeNotInImage(self):
        """Test that microcode must be placed within the image"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoReadFile('40_x86_ucode_not_in_image.dts', True)
        self.assertIn("Node '/binman/u-boot-with-ucode-ptr': Microcode "
                "pointer _dt_ucode_base_size at fffffe14 is outside the "
                "image ranging from 00000000 to 0000002e", str(e.exception))

    def testWithoutMicrocode(self):
        """Test that we can cope with an image without microcode (e.g. qemu)"""
        with open(self.TestFile('u_boot_no_ucode_ptr')) as fd:
            TestFunctional._MakeInputFile('u-boot', fd.read())
        data, dtb = self._DoReadFileDtb('44_x86_optional_ucode.dts', True)

        # Now check the device tree has no microcode
        self.assertEqual(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA, data[:len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA)])
        second = data[len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA):]

        fdt_len = self.GetFdtLen(second)
        self.assertEqual(dtb, second[:fdt_len])

        used_len = len(U_BOOT_NODTB_DATA) + fdt_len
        third = data[used_len:]
        self.assertEqual(chr(0) * (0x200 - used_len), third)

    def testUnknownPosSize(self):
        """Test that microcode must be placed within the image"""
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as e:
            self._DoReadFile('41_unknown_pos_size.dts', True)
        self.assertIn("Image '/binman': Unable to set pos/size for unknown "
                "entry 'invalid-entry'", str(e.exception))

    def testPackFsp(self):
        """Test that an image with a FSP binary can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('42_intel-fsp.dts')
        self.assertEqual(FSP_DATA, data[:len(FSP_DATA)])

    def testPackCmc(self):
        """Test that an image with a CMC binary can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('43_intel-cmc.dts')
        self.assertEqual(CMC_DATA, data[:len(CMC_DATA)])

    def testPackVbt(self):
        """Test that an image with a VBT binary can be created"""
        data = self._DoReadFile('46_intel-vbt.dts')
        self.assertEqual(VBT_DATA, data[:len(VBT_DATA)])