u-boot/board/st/stm32mp1

SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ OR BSD-3-Clause
#
# Copyright (C) 2018 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved
#

U-Boot on STMicroelectronics STM32MP15x
=======================================

1. Summary
==========
This is a quick instruction for setup stm32mp1 boards.

2. Supported devices
====================
U-Boot supports STMP32MP15x SoCs: STM32MP157, STM32MP153 and STM32MP151

The STM32MP15x is a Cortex-A MPU aimed at various applications.
It features:
- Dual core Cortex-A7 application core (Single on STM32MP151)
- 2D/3D image composition with GPU (only on STM32MP157)
- Standard memories interface support
- Standard connectivity, widely inherited from the STM32 MCU family
- Comprehensive security support

Everything is supported in Linux but U-Boot is limited to:
1. UART
2. SDCard/MMC controller (SDMMC)
3. NAND controller (FMC)
4. NOR controller (QSPI)
5. USB controller (OTG DWC2)
6. Ethernet controller

And the necessary drivers
1. I2C
2. STPMIC1 (PMIC and regulator)
3. Clock, Reset, Sysreset
4. Fuse

Currently the following boards are supported:
+ stm32mp157a-avenger96.dts
+ stm32mp157a-dk1.dts
+ stm32mp157c-dk2.dts
+ stm32mp157c-ed1.dts
+ stm32mp157c-ev1.dts

3. Boot Sequences
=================

BootRom => FSBL in SYSRAM => SSBL in DDR => OS (Linux Kernel)

with FSBL = First Stage Bootloader
     SSBL = Second Stage Bootloader

3 boot configurations are supported:

1) The "Trusted" boot chain (defconfig_file : stm32mp15_trusted_defconfig)
   BootRom => FSBL = Trusted Firmware-A (TF-A) => SSBL = U-Boot
   TF-A performs a full initialization of Secure peripherals and installs a
   secure monitor.
   U-Boot is running in normal world and uses TF-A monitor
   to access to secure resources.

2) The "Trusted" boot chain with OP-TEE
   (defconfig_file : stm32mp15_optee_defconfig)
   BootRom => FSBL = Trusted Firmware-A (TF-A) => SSBL = U-Boot
   TF-A performs a full initialization of Secure peripherals and installs OP-TEE
   from specific partitions (teeh, teed, teex).
   U-Boot is running in normal world and uses OP-TEE monitor to access
   to secure resources.

3) The "Basic" boot chain (defconfig_file : stm32mp15_basic_defconfig)
   BootRom => FSBL = U-Boot SPL => SSBL = U-Boot
   SPL has limited security initialisation
   U-Boot is running in secure mode and provide a secure monitor to the kernel
   with only PSCI support (Power State Coordination Interface defined by ARM).

All the STM32MP15x boards supported by U-Boot use the same generic board
stm32mp1 which support all the bootable devices.

Each board is configurated only with the associated device tree.

4. Device Tree Selection
========================

You need to select the appropriate device tree for your board,
the supported device trees for stm32mp157 are:

+ ev1: eval board with pmic stpmic1 (ev1 = mother board + daughter ed1)
  dts: stm32mp157c-ev1

+ ed1: daughter board with pmic stpmic1
  dts: stm32mp157c-ed1

+ dk1: Discovery board
  dts: stm32mp157a-dk1

+ dk2: Discovery board = dk1 with a BT/WiFI combo and a DSI panel
  dts: stm32mp157c-dk2

+ avenger96: Avenger96 board from Arrow Electronics
  dts: stm32mp157a-avenger96

5. Build Procedure
==================

1. Install required tools for U-Boot

   + install package needed in U-Boot makefile
     (libssl-dev, swig, libpython-dev...)
   + install ARMv7 toolchain for 32bit Cortex-A (from Linaro,
     from SDK for STM32MP15x, or any crosstoolchains from your distribution)

2. Set the cross compiler:

	# export CROSS_COMPILE=/path/to/toolchain/arm-linux-gnueabi-
	(you can use any gcc cross compiler compatible with U-Boot)

3. Select the output directory (optional)

	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=/path/to/output

	for example: use one output directory for each configuration
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_trusted
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_optee
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_basic

	you can build outside of code directory:
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=../build/stm32mp15_trusted

4. Configure U-Boot:

	# make <defconfig_file>

	- For trusted boot mode : "stm32mp15_trusted_defconfig"
	- For trusted with OP-TEE boot mode : "stm32mp15_optee_defconfig"
	- For basic boot mode: "stm32mp15_basic_defconfig"

5. Configure the device-tree and build the U-Boot image:

	# make DEVICE_TREE=<name> all

  example:
  a) trusted boot on ev1
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_trusted
	# make stm32mp15_trusted_defconfig
	# make DEVICE_TREE=stm32mp157c-ev1 all

  b) trusted with OP-TEE boot on dk2
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_optee
	# make stm32mp15_optee_defconfig
	# make DEVICE_TREE=stm32mp157c-dk2 all

  c) basic boot on ev1
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_basic
	# make stm32mp15_basic_defconfig
	# make DEVICE_TREE=stm32mp157c-ev1 all

  d) basic boot on ed1
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_basic
	# make stm32mp15_basic_defconfig
	# make DEVICE_TREE=stm32mp157c-ed1 all

  e) basic boot on dk1
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_basic
	# make stm32mp15_basic_defconfig
	# make DEVICE_TREE=stm32mp157a-dk1 all

  f) basic boot on avenger96
	# export KBUILD_OUTPUT=stm32mp15_basic
	# make stm32mp15_basic_defconfig
	# make DEVICE_TREE=stm32mp157a-avenger96 all

6. Output files

  BootRom and TF-A expect binaries with STM32 image header
  SPL expects file with U-Boot uImage header

  So in the output directory (selected by KBUILD_OUTPUT),
  you can found the needed files:

  a) For Trusted boot (with or without OP-TEE)
   + FSBL = tf-a.stm32 (provided by TF-A compilation)
   + SSBL = u-boot.stm32

  b) For Basic boot
   + FSBL = spl/u-boot-spl.stm32
   + SSBL = u-boot.img

6. Switch Setting for Boot Mode
===============================

You can select the boot mode, on the board with one switch :

- on the daugther board ed1 with the switch SW1 : BOOT0, BOOT1, BOOT2

 -----------------------------------
  Boot Mode   BOOT2   BOOT1   BOOT0
 -----------------------------------
  Reserved	0	0	0
  NOR		0	0	1
  SD-Card	1	0	1
  eMMC		0	1	0
  NAND		0	1	1
  Recovery	1	1	0
  Recovery	0	0	0

- on board DK1/DK2 with the switch SW1 : BOOT0, BOOT2
  (BOOT1 forced to 0, NOR not supported)

 --------------------------
  Boot Mode   BOOT2  BOOT0
 --------------------------
  Reserved	1      0
  SD-Card	1      1
  Recovery	0      0

- Boot mode of Avenger96 can be selected using switch S3

 -----------------------------------
  Boot Mode   BOOT2   BOOT1   BOOT0
 -----------------------------------
  Recovery	0	0	0
  NOR		0	0	1
  SD-Card	1	0	1
  eMMC		0	1	0
  NAND		0	1	1
  Reserved	1	0	0
  Recovery	1	1	0
  SD-Card	1	1	1

Recovery is a boot from serial link (UART/USB) and it is used with
STM32CubeProgrammer tool to load executable in RAM and to update the flash
devices available on the board (NOR/NAND/eMMC/SDCARD).
The communication between HOST and board is based on
- for UARTs : the uart protocol used with all MCU STM32
- for USB : based on USB DFU 1.1 (without the ST extensions used on MCU STM32)

7. Prepare an SDCard
===================

The minimal requirements for STMP32MP1 boot up to U-Boot are:
- GPT partitioning (with gdisk or with sgdisk)
- 2 fsbl partitions, named fsbl1 and fsbl2, size at least 256KiB
- one ssbl partition for U-Boot

Then the minimal GPT partition is:
   ----- ------- --------- --------------
  | Num | Name  | Size    |  Content     |
   ----- ------- -------- ---------------
  |  1  | fsbl1 | 256 KiB |  TF-A or SPL |
  |  2  | fsbl2 | 256 KiB |  TF-A or SPL |
  |  3  | ssbl  | enought |  U-Boot      |
  |  *  |  -    |  -      |  Boot/Rootfs |
   ----- ------- --------- --------------

(*) add bootable partition for extlinux.conf
    following Generic Distribution
    (doc/README.distro for use)

  according the used card reader select the block device
  (/dev/sdx or /dev/mmcblk0)
  in the next example I use /dev/mmcblk0

for example: with gpt table with 128 entries

  a) remove previous formatting
	# sgdisk -o /dev/<SDCard dev>

  b) create minimal image
	# sgdisk --resize-table=128 -a 1 \
		-n 1:34:545		-c 1:fsbl1 \
		-n 2:546:1057		-c 2:fsbl2 \
		-n 3:1058:5153		-c 3:ssbl \
		-p /dev/<SDCard dev>

	you can add other partitions for kernel
	one partition rootfs for example:
		-n 4:5154:		-c 4:rootfs \

  c) copy the FSBL (2 times) and SSBL file on the correct partition.
     in this example in partition 1 to 3

     for basic boot mode : <SDCard dev> = /dev/mmcblk0
	# dd if=u-boot-spl.stm32 of=/dev/mmcblk0p1
	# dd if=u-boot-spl.stm32 of=/dev/mmcblk0p2
	# dd if=u-boot.img of=/dev/mmcblk0p3

     for trusted boot mode :
	# dd if=tf-a.stm32 of=/dev/mmcblk0p1
	# dd if=tf-a.stm32 of=/dev/mmcblk0p2
	# dd if=u-boot.stm32 of=/dev/mmcblk0p3

To boot from SDCard, select BootPinMode = 1 0 1 and reset.

8. Prepare eMMC
===============
You can use U-Boot to copy binary in eMMC.

In the next example, you need to boot from SDCARD and the images (u-boot-spl.stm32, u-boot.img)
are presents on SDCARD (mmc 0) in ext4 partition 4 (bootfs).

To boot from SDCard, select BootPinMode = 1 0 1 and reset.

Then you update the eMMC with the next U-Boot command :

a) prepare GPT on eMMC,
	example with 2 partitions, bootfs and roots:

	# setenv emmc_part "name=ssbl,size=2MiB;name=bootfs,type=linux,bootable,size=64MiB;name=rootfs,type=linux,size=512"
	# gpt write mmc 1 ${emmc_part}

b) copy SPL on eMMC on firts boot partition
	(SPL max size is 256kB, with LBA 512, 0x200)

	# ext4load mmc 0:4 0xC0000000 u-boot-spl.stm32
	# mmc dev 1
	# mmc partconf 1 1 1 1
	# mmc write ${fileaddr} 0 200
	# mmc partconf 1 1 1 0

c) copy U-Boot in first GPT partition of eMMC

	# ext4load mmc 0:4 0xC0000000 u-boot.img
	# mmc dev 1
	# part start mmc 1 1 partstart
	# mmc write ${fileaddr} ${partstart} ${filesize}

To boot from eMMC, select BootPinMode = 0 1 0 and reset.

9. MAC Address
==============

Please read doc/README.enetaddr for the implementation guidelines for mac id
usage. Basically, environment has precedence over board specific storage.

For STMicroelectonics board, it is retrieved in STM32MP15x otp :
- OTP_57[31:0] = MAC_ADDR[31:0]
- OTP_58[15:0] = MAC_ADDR[47:32]

To program a MAC address on virgin OTP words above, you can use the fuse command
on bank 0 to access to internal OTP:

    Prerequisite: check if a MAC address isn't yet programmed in OTP

    1- check OTP: their value must be equal to 0

       STM32MP> fuse sense 0 57 2
       Sensing bank 0:
       Word 0x00000039: 00000000 00000000

    2- check environment variable

       STM32MP> env print ethaddr
       ## Error: "ethaddr" not defined

    Example to set mac address "12:34:56:78:9a:bc"

    1- Write OTP
       STM32MP> fuse prog -y 0 57 0x78563412 0x0000bc9a

    2- Read OTP
       STM32MP> fuse sense 0 57 2
       Sensing bank 0:
       Word 0x00000039: 78563412 0000bc9a

    3- next REBOOT :
       ### Setting environment from OTP MAC address = "12:34:56:78:9a:bc"

    4 check env update
       STM32MP> env print ethaddr
       ethaddr=12:34:56:78:9a:bc

warning:: This MAC address provisioning can't be executed twice on the same
          board as the OTP are protected. It is already done for the board
          provided by STMicroelectronics.

10. Coprocessor firmware
========================

U-Boot can boot the coprocessor before the kernel (coprocessor early boot).

A/ Manuallly by using rproc commands (update the bootcmd)
     Configurations
	# env set name_copro "rproc-m4-fw.elf"
	# env set dev_copro 0
	# env set loadaddr_copro 0xC1000000

     Load binary from bootfs partition (number 4) on SDCard (mmc 0)
	# ext4load mmc 0:4 ${loadaddr_copro} ${name_copro}
	=> ${filesize} updated with the size of the loaded file

     Start M4 firmware with remote proc command
	# rproc init
	# rproc load ${dev_copro} ${loadaddr_copro} ${filesize}
	# rproc start ${dev_copro}

B/ Automatically by using FIT feature and generic DISTRO bootcmd

   see examples in this directory :

   Generate FIT including kernel + device tree + M4 firmware
   with cfg with M4 boot
        $> mkimage -f fit_copro_kernel_dtb.its fit_copro_kernel_dtb.itb

    Then using DISTRO configuration file: see extlinux.conf to select
    the correct configuration
	=> stm32mp157c-ev1-m4
	=> stm32mp157c-dk2-m4

11. DFU support
===============

The DFU is supported on ST board.
The env variable dfu_alt_info is automatically build, and all
the memory present on the ST boards are exported.

The mode is started by

STM32MP> dfu 0

On EV1 board:

STM32MP> dfu 0 list

DFU alt settings list:
dev: RAM alt: 0 name: uImage layout: RAM_ADDR
dev: RAM alt: 1 name: devicetree.dtb layout: RAM_ADDR
dev: RAM alt: 2 name: uramdisk.image.gz layout: RAM_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 3 name: sdcard_fsbl1 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 4 name: sdcard_fsbl2 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 5 name: sdcard_ssbl layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 6 name: sdcard_bootfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 7 name: sdcard_vendorfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 8 name: sdcard_rootfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 9 name: sdcard_userfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 10 name: emmc_fsbl1 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 11 name: emmc_fsbl2 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 12 name: emmc_ssbl layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 13 name: emmc_bootfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 14 name: emmc_vendorfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 15 name: emmc_rootfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: eMMC alt: 16 name: emmc_userfs layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 17 name: nor_fsbl1 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 18 name: nor_fsbl2 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 19 name: nor_ssbl layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 20 name: nor_env layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 21 name: nand_fsbl layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 22 name: nand_ssbl1 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 23 name: nand_ssbl2 layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: MTD alt: 24 name: nand_UBI layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: VIRT alt: 25 name: OTP layout: RAW_ADDR
dev: VIRT alt: 26 name: PMIC layout: RAW_ADDR

All the supported device are exported for dfu-util tool:

$> dfu-util -l
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=26, name="PMIC", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=25, name="OTP", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=24, name="nand_UBI", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=23, name="nand_ssbl2", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=22, name="nand_ssbl1", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=21, name="nand_fsbl", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=20, name="nor_env", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=19, name="nor_ssbl", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=18, name="nor_fsbl2", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=17, name="nor_fsbl1", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=16, name="emmc_userfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=15, name="emmc_rootfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=14, name="emmc_vendorfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=13, name="emmc_bootfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=12, name="emmc_ssbl", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=11, name="emmc_fsbl2", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=10, name="emmc_fsbl1", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=9, name="sdcard_userfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=8, name="sdcard_rootfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=7, name="sdcard_vendorfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=6, name="sdcard_bootfs", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=5, name="sdcard_ssbl", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=4, name="sdcard_fsbl2", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=3, name="sdcard_fsbl1", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=2, name="uramdisk.image.gz", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=1, name="devicetree.dtb", serial="002700333338511934383330"
Found DFU: [0483:5720] ver=9999, devnum=99, cfg=1, intf=0, alt=0, name="uImage", serial="002700333338511934383330"

You can update the boot device:

#SDCARD
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 3 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 4 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 5 -D u-boot-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.img
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 6 -D st-image-bootfs-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 7 -D st-image-vendorfs-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 8 -D st-image-weston-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 9 -D st-image-userfs-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4

#EMMC
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 10 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 11 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 12 -D u-boot-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.img
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 13 -D st-image-bootfs-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 14 -D st-image-vendorfs-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 15 -D st-image-weston-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 16 -D st-image-userfs-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1.ext4

#NOR
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 17 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 18 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 19 -D u-boot-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.img

#NAND (UBI partition used for NAND only boot or NOR + NAND boot)
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 21 -D tf-a-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.stm32
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 22 -D u-boot-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.img
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 23 -D u-boot-stm32mp157c-ev1-trusted.img
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 24 -D st-image-weston-openstlinux-weston-stm32mp1_nand_4_256_multivolume.ubi

And you can also dump the OTP and the PMIC NVM with:

$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 25 -U otp.bin
$> dfu-util -d 0483:5720 -a 26 -U pmic.bin