At present buildman does not write any output (to the 'out' and 'err)
files if the build terminates with a fatal error. This is to avoid adding
lots of spam to the logs.
However there are times when this is actually useful, such as when the
build fails for an obscure reason such as a Kconfig loop.
Update the logic to always write the output, so that the user gets a clue
as to what is happening.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Collect the code for printing the full help message of patman, buildman
and binman into a single function in patman.tools.
Signed-off-by: Paul Barker <paul.barker@sancloud.com>
Rename these options so that CONFIG_IS_ENABLED can be used with them.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Jaehoon Chung <jh80.chung@samsung.com>
[trini: Fixup some incorrect renames]
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
At present we sometimes see problems in gitlab where the environment has
0x80 characters or sequences which are not valid UTF-8.
Avoid this by using bytes for the environment, both internal to buildman
and when writing out the 'env' file. Add a test to make sure this works
as expected.
Reported-by: Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de>
Fixes: e5fc79ea71 ("buildman: Write the environment out to an 'env' file")
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
There have been at least a few cases where an exception has occurred in a
thread and resulted in buildman hanging: running out of disk space and
getting a unicode error.
Handle these by collecting a list of exceptions, printing them out and
reporting failure if any are found. Add a test for this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The environment may contain some unicode characters. At least that is what
seemed to happen on one commit:
Building current source for 1 boards (0 threads, 64 jobs per thread)
0 0 0 /1 -1 (starting)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".../tools/buildman/buildman", line 64, in <module>
ret_code = control.DoBuildman(options, args)
File "tools/buildman/control.py", line 372, in DoBuildman
options.keep_outputs, options.verbose)
File ".../tools/buildman/builder.py", line 1704, in BuildBoards
results = self._single_builder.RunJob(job)
File ".../tools/buildman/builderthread.py", line 526, in RunJob
self._WriteResult(result, job.keep_outputs, job.work_in_output)
File ".../tools//buildman/builderthread.py", line 349, in _WriteResult
print('%s="%s"' % (var, env[var]), file=fd)
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position
311-312: ordinal not in range(128)
The problem defies repetition with any change at all to buildman. But
let's set an encoding in any case.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present even if only a single thread is in use, buildman still uses
threading.
For some debugging it is helpful to do everything in the main process.
Allow -T0 to support this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The isAlive() method was deprecated in Python 3.8 and has been removed in
Python 3.9. See https://bugs.python.org/issue37804. Use is_alive() instead.
Since Python 2.6 is_alive() has been a synonym for isAlive(). So there
should be no problems for users using elder Python 3 versions.
Signed-off-by: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Buildman reuses build directories from previous builds to avoid the cost
of 'make mrproper' for every build. If the previous build produced an SPL
image but the current one does not, the SPL image will remain and buildman
will think it is a result of building the current board.
Remove these files before building, to avoid this problem.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
This patch makes buildman create linked working trees instead of clones
of the source repository, but keeps updating the older clones of the
repository that might already exist. These worktrees share "everything
except working directory specific files such as HEAD, index, etc." with
the source repository. See the git-worktree(1) manual page for more
information.
If git-worktree isn't available, silently falls back to cloning the
repository.
Signed-off-by: Alper Nebi Yasak <alpernebiyasak@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
It is interesting to note the number of builds completed per second to
track machine performance and build speed. Add a 'rate' value at the end
of the build to show this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
This current fails with an error. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Fixes: 7664b03ffc ("buildman: Remove _of_#_ from results directory paths")
Older versions of this script don't support the -q flag. Since buildman
runs this script from when it starts, we may get the old version.
Fix this in two ways:
1. Use the version from the same tree as buildman is run from, if
available
2. Failing that, allow the -q flag to be missing
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
A large number of changes have happened upstream since our last sync
in commit 65e05ddc1a ("kconfiglib: Update to the 12.14.0 release").
The big motivation for this sync is support for user defined macros
within Kconfig.
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
Currently, the following scenario will rebuild the first commit even
though it is not really necessary - the commit sha or the position in the
patchset did not change:
$ git am <local-patch-0001>
$ tools/buildman/buildman -P -E -W -b master mx6
<do some more development work>
$ git am <local-patch-0002>
$ tools/buildman/buildman -P -E -W -b master mx6 <- will rebuild the first
commit as well, even
though nothing has
changed about it.
This is due to the fact that previous results directories get removed
when the number of commits change. By removing the _of_#_ part of the
directory path, the commits will be rebuilt only if the commit sha or the
position in the patchset changes. Also, update the testcase to reflect this
change.
Signed-off-by: Ovidiu Panait <ovidiu.panait@windriver.com>
Now that we are using absolute paths we can remove some of the sys.path
mangling that appears in the tools.
We only need to add the path to 'tools/' so that everything can find
modules relative to that directory.
The special paths for finding pylibfdt remain.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present patman sets the python path on startup so that it can access
the libraries it needs. If we convert to use absolute imports this is not
necessary.
Move patman to use absolute imports. This requires changes in tools which
use the patman libraries (which is most of them).
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present buildman sets the python path on startup so that it can access
the libraries it needs. If we convert to use absolute imports this is not
necessary.
Move buildman to use absolute imports. Also adjust moveconfig.py too since
it uses some buildman modules and cannot work without this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Python does not like the module name being the same as the module
directory. To allow buildman modules to be used from other tools, rename
it.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present buildman does not write its own output files (err, done, the
environment) when using -w. However this is useful for when the build is
run with -s to check it.
In fact ProduceResultSummary() reads the result from those files rather
than using the 'result' info directly. So ProcessResult() does not work
with -w at present. It does not print any output.
Fix this by writing output files even when -w is used.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present the environment used by U-Boot is written to the 'env'
directory. This is fine when the output directory is not the same as the
source directory, but when it is (as with -w) it conflicts with the source
directory of the same name.
Rename 'env' to 'out-env' to fix this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
It is a bad idea to use the default output directory ('..') with -w since
it does a build in that directory and writes various files these.
Require that -o is given to avoid this problem.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The current exit codes of 128 and 129 are useful in that they do not
conflict with those returned by tools, but they are not actually valid.
It seems better to pick some codes which work with 'bit bisect run'.
Update them to 100 (for errors) and 101 (for warnings).
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
These are becoming more common now. They cause boards to show warnings
which can be mistaking for compiler warnings.
Add a buildman option to ignore them. This option works only with the
summary option (-s). It does not affect the build process.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Unfortunately the plague of device-tree warnings has not lifted. These
warnings infiltrate almost every build, adding noise and confusion.
Add a buildman option to ignore them. This option works only with the
summary option (-s). It does not affect the build process.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present buildman defaults to running 'mrproper' on every thread before
it starts building commits for each board. This can add a delay of about 5
seconds to the start of the process, since the tools and other invariants
must be rebuilt.
In particular, a build without '-b', to build current source, runs much
slower without -I, since any existing build is removed, thus losing the
possibility of an incremental build.
Partly this behaviour was to avoid strange build-system problems caused by
running 'make defconfig' for one board and then one with a different
architecture. But these problems were fixed quite a while ago.
The -I option (which disabled mrproper) was introduced four years ago and
does not seem to cause any problems with builds.
So make -I the default and deprecate the option. To allow use of
'mrproper', add a new -m flag.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
When buildman finishes it leaves the last summary line visible, which
shows the number of successful builds, builds with warnings and builds
with errors.
It is useful also to see how many builds were done in total along with
the time taken. Show these on a separate line before buildman finishes.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
If a progress message is longer than the terminal line it will scroll the
terminal. Limit the messages to the terminal width.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
It is nice to see the actual number of builds remaining to complete. Add
this in the progress message, using a different colour.
Drop the unnecessary 'name' variable while we are here.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The commit counter is a hangover from when buildman processed each board
for a commit. Now buildman processes each commit for a board, so this
output is never triggered.
Delete it.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Fetching updated versions of a repo can take time. At present buildman
gives no indication that it is doing this.
Add a message to explain the delay.
Tidy up a few other messages while we are here.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present the board names shown with -l are separated by commas. This
makes it hard to double-click to select a particular board. Also it is not
possible to select all boards and paste them as arguments to a subsequent
buildman run, since buildman requires spaces to separate the list on the
command line, not commas.
Change the output format to use spaces instead of commas.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
It is quite hard to see the list of board for each error line since the
colour is the same as the actual error line. Show the board list in
magenta so that it is easier to distinguish them.
There is no point in checking the colour of the overall line, since there
are now multiple colours. So drop those tests.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present the string for each error line is created in _CalcErrorDelta()
and used to create the summary output. This is inflexible since all the
information (error/warning character, error line, list of boards with that
error line) is munged together in a string.
Create an object to hold this information and only convert it to a string
when printing the actual output.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present warnings are shown in yellow in the summary (-s) but magenta in
the detail listing (-e). Use yellow in both.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
We want to add a few more tests similar to testOutput(). Split its logic
into a function which runs buildman to get the output and another which
checks the output. This will make it easier to reuse the code.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Rather than having a few tests handle this themselves, create the
temporary directory in the setUp() method and remove it in tearDown().
This will make it easier to add more tests.
Only testOutput and testGit() actually need it, but it doesn't add to the
test time noticeably to do this for all tests in this file.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Rather than using the absolute array index, use an interator to work
through the expected output lines. This is easier to follow.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Buildman should output the right colours for each error/warning line. Some
of these checks are missing. Add them.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
There is no point in setting the ARCH environment variable since the
U-Boot build system no-longer uses it.
It seems safe to drop this feature since it was only recently added.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
This is useful in some situations, in particular with -w and when building
in-tree. Now that we are more careful about what we remove in
_PrepareOutputSpace(), it should be safe to relax this restriction.
Update the progress information also so it is clear what buildman is
doing. Remove files can take a long time.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present buildman removes any directory it doesn't intend to write
output into. This is overly expansive since if the output directory
happens to be somewhere with existing files, they may be removed. Using
an existing directory for buildman is not a good practice, but since the
result might be catastrophic, it is best to guard against it.
A previous commit[1] fixed this by refusing to write to a subdirectory
of the current directory, assumed to have U-Boot source code. But we can
do better by only removing directories that look like the ones buildman
creates.
Update the code to do this and add a test.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
[1] 409fc029c4 tools: buildman: Don't use the working dir as build dir
Sometimes we don't want buildman to return failure if it seems warnings.
Add a -W option to support this. If buildman detects warnings (and no
errors) it will return an exit code of 0 (success).
Note that the definition of 'warnings' includes the migration warnings
produced by U-Boot, such as:
===================== WARNING ======================
This board does not use CONFIG_DM_MMC. Please update
...
====================================================
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
This help is a bit ambiguous. It only does anything if asked to show size
changes with -S. Update the help and the function comments.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
It is useful to run a simple build and put all the output in a single
directory. Add a -w option to support this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
This class has a few more members now. Add documentation for them and fix
a nit in the 'commits' comment.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At kernel.org aarch64 toolchains are published in folder
arm64. Fix the URL for that case, so that we can fetch
toolchains on aarch64 machines.
Signed-off-by: Matthias Brugger <mbrugger@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Today when parsing the .sizes files we get a warning about an invalid
line in the file as it's blank. Solve this by checking that we have a
non-blank line prior to processing.
Cc: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Sometimes it is useful for external tools to use buildman to provide the
toolchain information. Add an -a option which shows the value to use for
the ARCH environment variable, and -A which does the same for
CROSS_COMPILE
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present buildman looks at toolchains, then commits and then boards.
Move the board processing up above the commit processing, since it relates
to the toolchain code. This will make it easier to check the toolchains
needed for a board without processing commits first.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The parser responsible for the '[make-flags]' section in
the '.buildman' settings file is currently not able to
handle quoted strings, as given in the sample bellow:
[make-flags]
qemu_arm=HOSTCC="cc -isystem /add/include" HOSTLDFLAGS="-L/add/lib"
This patch replaces the simple string splitter based on the <space>
delimiter with a regex tokenizer that preserves spaces inside double
quoted strings.
Signed-off-by: Cristian Ciocaltea <cristian.ciocaltea@gmail.com>
Now that we have buildman telling genboards.cfg to use an output
directory we need to ensure that it exists.
Cc: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Cc: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Fixes: bc750bca12 ("tools: buildman: Honor output directory when generating boards.cfg")
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
Reviewed-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
In the 'Make' function, the codes tries to create a directory
if current stage is 'build'. But the directory isn't used at
all anywhere.
Signed-off-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
buildman always generates boards.cfg in the U-Boot source tree.
When '-o' is given, we should generate boards.cfg to the given
output directory.
Signed-off-by: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
We may not always be able to write to the default output directory so
have a temporary directory for our output be created.
Cc: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Suggested-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
A large number of changes have happened upstream since our last sync
which was to 375506d. The reason to do the upgrade at this point is for
improved Python 3 support.
As part of this upgrade we need to update moveconfig.py and
genboardscfg.py the current API. This is:
- Change "kconfiglib.Config" calls to "kconfiglib.Kconfig"
- Change get_symbol() calls to syms.get().
- Change get_value() to str_value.
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
The 'done' files created by buildman may end up being empty if buildman
runs out of disk space while writing them. At present buildman dies with
an exception when using -s to check the build status. Fix this.
Seriesl-cc: trini
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Fix a typo in the error message from CheckOutputDir().
Signed-off-by: Chris Packham <judge.packham@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Sometimes it is useful to see the environment that was used to build
U-Boot. Write this out to a file in the build directory.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The 'done' files created by buildman may end up being empty if buildman
runs out of disk space while writing them. This error is then persistent,
since even if disk space is reclaimed and the build retries, the empty
file causes an exception in the builder thread.
Deal with this silently by doing a rebuild.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Unfortunately, for some releases the kernel.org toolchain tarball names adhere
to the following pattern:
<hostarch>-gcc-<ver>-nolib-<targetarch>-<type>.tar.xz
e.g.:
x86_64-gcc-8.1.0-nolibc-aarch64-linux.tar.xz
while others use the following pattern:
<hostarch>-gcc-<ver>-nolib_<targetarch>-<type>.tar.xz
e.g.:
x86_64-gcc-7.3.0-nolibc_aarch64-linux.tar.xz
Notice that the first pattern has dashes throughout, while the second has
dashes throughout except just before the target architecture which has an
underscore.
The "dash throughout" versions from kernel.org are:
8.1.0, 6.4.0, 5.5.0, 4.9.4, 4.8.5, 4.6.1
while the "dash and underscore" versions from kernel.org are:
7.3.0, 4.9.0, 4.8.0, 4.7.3, 4.6.3, 4.6.2, 4.5.1, 4.2.4
This tweak allows the code to handle both versions. Note that this tweak also
causes the architecture parsing to get confused and find the following two
bogus architectures, "2.0" and "64", which are explicitly checked for, and
removed.
Signed-off-by: Trevor Woerner <trevor@toganlabs.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Change single quotes to double quotes:
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The hexagon toolchain (4.6.1) from kernel.org, for example, was packaged in
a way that is different from most toolchains. The first entry when unpacking
most toolchain tarballs is:
gcc-<version>-nolib/<targetarch>-<system>
e.g.:
gcc-8.1.0-nolibc/aarch64-linux/
The first entry of the hexagon toolchain, however, is:
gcc-4.6.1-nolibc/
This causes the buildman logic in toolchain.py::ScanPath() to not be able to
find the "*gcc" executable since it looks in gcc-4.6.1-nolib/{.|bin|usr/bin}
instead of gcc-4.6.1/hexagon-linux/{.|bin|usr/bin}. Therefore when buildman
tries to download a set of toolchains that includes hexagon, the script fails.
This update takes the second line of the tarball unpacking (which works for
all the toolchains I've tested from kernel.org) and parses it to take the
first two elements, separated by '/'. It makes this logic a bit more robust.
Signed-off-by: Trevor Woerner <trevor@toganlabs.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present we should boards with warnings in the same way as those with
errors. This is not ideal. Add a new 'warn' state and show these listed
in yellow to match the actual warning lines printing with -e.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present we don't distinguish between errors and warnings when printing
the architecture summary. Rename the variables to better describe their
purpose.
'Worse' at present means we got an error, so use that as the name.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present messages from the device-tree compiler like this:
arch/arm/dts/socfpga_arria10_socdk_sdmmc.dtb: Warning
(avoid_unnecessary_addr_size): /clocks: unnecessary
#address-cells/#size-cells without "ranges" or child "reg" property
are detected as errors since they don't match the gcc warning regex. Add a
new one for dtc to fix this.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present --list-tool-chains prints a lot of information about the
toolchain-probing process. This is generally not very interesting.
Update buildman to print this only if --list-tool-chains is given
with -v.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
At present 'buildman sandbox' will build all 5 boards for the sandbox
architecture rather than the single board 'sandbox'. The only current way
to exclude sandbox_spl, sandbox_noblk, etc. is to use -x which is a bit
clumbsy.
Add a --boards option to allow individual build targets to be specified.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
There are a few test cases which print output. Suppress this so that tests
can run silently in the normal case.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
The filenames of the toolchains on kernel.org changes every now and then.
Fix it for the current change, and make the test use a regex so that it
has a better chance of passing with future changes too.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Something has changed in the last several month such that when buildman
builds U-Boot incrementally and a new CONFIG option has been added to the
Kconfig, the build hanges waiting for input:
Test new config (NEW_CONFIG) [N/y/?] (NEW)
Since binamn does not connect the build's stdin to anything this waits on
stdin to the build thread, which never comes. Eventually I suspect all the
threads end up in this state and the build does not progress.
Fix this by passing /dev/null as input to the build. That way, if there is
a new CONFIG, the build will stop (and fail):
Test new config (NEW_CONFIG) [N/y/?] (NEW)
Error in reading or end of file.
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
You do not need to use the typedefs provided by compiler.
Our compilers are either IPL32 or LP64. Hence, U-Boot can/should
always use int-ll64.h typedefs like Linux kernel, whatever the
typedefs the compiler internally uses.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
When summarising the builds, add the -U option to emit delta lines for
the default environment built into U-Boot at each commit.
Signed-off-by: Alex Kiernan <alex.kiernan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
As we're building the boards, extract the default U-Boot environment to
uboot.env so we can interrogate it later.
Signed-off-by: Alex Kiernan <alex.kiernan@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Add support for gcc versions 7.3.0, 6.4.0 and 4.9.4.
Also use a regex for matching the tarball names. Some gcc versions
use '-ARCH-' instead of '_ARCH-'.
As part of this, we switch TravisCI to also using these toolchains for
all platforms.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Schwierzeck <daniel.schwierzeck@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
When the U-Boot base directory happens to have the same name as the branch
that buildman is directed to use via the '-b' option and no output
directory is specified with '-o', buildman happily starts removing the
whole U-Boot sources eventually only stopped with the error message:
OSError: [Errno 20] Not a directory: '../<branch-name>/boards.cfg
Add a check to avoid this and also deal with the case where '-o' points
to the source directory, or any subdirectory of it.
Finally, tidy up the confusing logic for removing the old tree when using
-b. This is only done when building a branch.
Signed-off-by: Lothar Waßmann <LW@KARO-electronics.de>
Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Lothar Waßmann <LW@KARO-electronics.de>
