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rust-clippy/clippy_lints/src/loops.rs

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use crate::consts::{constant, Constant};
use crate::reexport::Name;
use crate::utils::paths;
use crate::utils::usage::{is_unused, mutated_variables};
use crate::utils::{
get_enclosing_block, get_parent_expr, get_trait_def_id, has_iter_method, higher, implements_trait,
is_integer_const, is_no_std_crate, is_refutable, last_path_segment, match_trait_method, match_type, match_var,
multispan_sugg, snippet, snippet_opt, snippet_with_applicability, span_lint, span_lint_and_help,
span_lint_and_sugg, span_lint_and_then, SpanlessEq,
};
use crate::utils::{is_type_diagnostic_item, qpath_res, same_tys, sext, sugg};
use if_chain::if_chain;
use itertools::Itertools;
use rustc_ast::ast;
use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
use rustc_errors::Applicability;
use rustc_hir::def::{DefKind, Res};
use rustc_hir::intravisit::{walk_block, walk_expr, walk_pat, walk_stmt, NestedVisitorMap, Visitor};
use rustc_hir::{
def_id, BinOpKind, BindingAnnotation, Block, BorrowKind, Expr, ExprKind, GenericArg, HirId, LoopSource,
MatchSource, Mutability, Node, Pat, PatKind, QPath, Stmt, StmtKind,
};
use rustc_infer::infer::TyCtxtInferExt;
use rustc_lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass, LintContext};
use rustc_middle::hir::map::Map;
use rustc_middle::lint::in_external_macro;
use rustc_middle::middle::region;
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty};
use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
use rustc_span::source_map::Span;
use rustc_span::BytePos;
use rustc_typeck::expr_use_visitor::{ConsumeMode, Delegate, ExprUseVisitor, Place, PlaceBase};
use std::iter::{once, Iterator};
use std::mem;
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for for-loops that manually copy items between
/// slices that could be optimized by having a memcpy.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** It is not as fast as a memcpy.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// # let src = vec![1];
/// # let mut dst = vec![0; 65];
/// for i in 0..src.len() {
/// dst[i + 64] = src[i];
/// }
/// ```
/// Could be written as:
/// ```rust
/// # let src = vec![1];
/// # let mut dst = vec![0; 65];
/// dst[64..(src.len() + 64)].clone_from_slice(&src[..]);
/// ```
pub MANUAL_MEMCPY,
perf,
"manually copying items between slices"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for looping over the range of `0..len` of some
/// collection just to get the values by index.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Just iterating the collection itself makes the intent
/// more clear and is probably faster.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// let vec = vec!['a', 'b', 'c'];
/// for i in 0..vec.len() {
/// println!("{}", vec[i]);
/// }
/// ```
/// Could be written as:
/// ```rust
/// let vec = vec!['a', 'b', 'c'];
/// for i in vec {
/// println!("{}", i);
/// }
/// ```
pub NEEDLESS_RANGE_LOOP,
style,
"for-looping over a range of indices where an iterator over items would do"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for loops on `x.iter()` where `&x` will do, and
/// suggests the latter.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Readability.
///
/// **Known problems:** False negatives. We currently only warn on some known
/// types.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// // with `y` a `Vec` or slice:
/// # let y = vec![1];
/// for x in y.iter() {
/// // ..
/// }
/// ```
/// can be rewritten to
/// ```rust
/// # let y = vec![1];
/// for x in &y {
/// // ..
/// }
/// ```
pub EXPLICIT_ITER_LOOP,
pedantic,
"for-looping over `_.iter()` or `_.iter_mut()` when `&_` or `&mut _` would do"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for loops on `y.into_iter()` where `y` will do, and
/// suggests the latter.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Readability.
///
/// **Known problems:** None
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// # let y = vec![1];
/// // with `y` a `Vec` or slice:
/// for x in y.into_iter() {
/// // ..
/// }
/// ```
/// can be rewritten to
/// ```rust
/// # let y = vec![1];
/// for x in y {
/// // ..
/// }
/// ```
pub EXPLICIT_INTO_ITER_LOOP,
pedantic,
"for-looping over `_.into_iter()` when `_` would do"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for loops on `x.next()`.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** `next()` returns either `Some(value)` if there was a
/// value, or `None` otherwise. The insidious thing is that `Option<_>`
/// implements `IntoIterator`, so that possibly one value will be iterated,
/// leading to some hard to find bugs. No one will want to write such code
/// [except to win an Underhanded Rust
/// Contest](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/3hb0wm/underhanded_rust_contest/cu5yuhr).
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```ignore
/// for x in y.next() {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
pub ITER_NEXT_LOOP,
correctness,
"for-looping over `_.next()` which is probably not intended"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for `for` loops over `Option` values.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Readability. This is more clearly expressed as an `if
/// let`.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```ignore
/// for x in option {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
///
/// This should be
/// ```ignore
/// if let Some(x) = option {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
pub FOR_LOOP_OVER_OPTION,
correctness,
"for-looping over an `Option`, which is more clearly expressed as an `if let`"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for `for` loops over `Result` values.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Readability. This is more clearly expressed as an `if
/// let`.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```ignore
/// for x in result {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
///
/// This should be
/// ```ignore
/// if let Ok(x) = result {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
pub FOR_LOOP_OVER_RESULT,
correctness,
"for-looping over a `Result`, which is more clearly expressed as an `if let`"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Detects `loop + match` combinations that are easier
/// written as a `while let` loop.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** The `while let` loop is usually shorter and more
/// readable.
///
/// **Known problems:** Sometimes the wrong binding is displayed (#383).
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust,no_run
/// # let y = Some(1);
/// loop {
/// let x = match y {
/// Some(x) => x,
/// None => break,
/// };
/// // .. do something with x
/// }
/// // is easier written as
/// while let Some(x) = y {
/// // .. do something with x
/// };
/// ```
pub WHILE_LET_LOOP,
complexity,
"`loop { if let { ... } else break }`, which can be written as a `while let` loop"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for functions collecting an iterator when collect
/// is not needed.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** `collect` causes the allocation of a new data structure,
/// when this allocation may not be needed.
///
/// **Known problems:**
/// None
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// # let iterator = vec![1].into_iter();
/// let len = iterator.clone().collect::<Vec<_>>().len();
/// // should be
/// let len = iterator.count();
/// ```
pub NEEDLESS_COLLECT,
perf,
"collecting an iterator when collect is not needed"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for loops over ranges `x..y` where both `x` and `y`
/// are constant and `x` is greater or equal to `y`, unless the range is
/// reversed or has a negative `.step_by(_)`.
///
/// **Why is it bad?** Such loops will either be skipped or loop until
/// wrap-around (in debug code, this may `panic!()`). Both options are probably
/// not intended.
///
/// **Known problems:** The lint cannot catch loops over dynamically defined
/// ranges. Doing this would require simulating all possible inputs and code
/// paths through the program, which would be complex and error-prone.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```ignore
/// for x in 5..10 - 5 {
/// ..
/// } // oops, stray `-`
/// ```
pub REVERSE_RANGE_LOOP,
correctness,
"iteration over an empty range, such as `10..0` or `5..5`"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks `for` loops over slices with an explicit counter
/// and suggests the use of `.enumerate()`.
///
/// **Why is it bad?** Using `.enumerate()` makes the intent more clear,
/// declutters the code and may be faster in some instances.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// # let v = vec![1];
/// # fn bar(bar: usize, baz: usize) {}
/// let mut i = 0;
/// for item in &v {
/// bar(i, *item);
/// i += 1;
/// }
/// ```
/// Could be written as
/// ```rust
/// # let v = vec![1];
/// # fn bar(bar: usize, baz: usize) {}
/// for (i, item) in v.iter().enumerate() { bar(i, *item); }
/// ```
pub EXPLICIT_COUNTER_LOOP,
complexity,
"for-looping with an explicit counter when `_.enumerate()` would do"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for empty `loop` expressions.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Those busy loops burn CPU cycles without doing
/// anything. Think of the environment and either block on something or at least
/// make the thread sleep for some microseconds.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```no_run
/// loop {}
/// ```
pub EMPTY_LOOP,
style,
"empty `loop {}`, which should block or sleep"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for `while let` expressions on iterators.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Readability. A simple `for` loop is shorter and conveys
/// the intent better.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```ignore
/// while let Some(val) = iter() {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
pub WHILE_LET_ON_ITERATOR,
style,
"using a while-let loop instead of a for loop on an iterator"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for iterating a map (`HashMap` or `BTreeMap`) and
/// ignoring either the keys or values.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** Readability. There are `keys` and `values` methods that
/// can be used to express that don't need the values or keys.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```ignore
/// for (k, _) in &map {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
///
/// could be replaced by
///
/// ```ignore
/// for k in map.keys() {
/// ..
/// }
/// ```
pub FOR_KV_MAP,
style,
"looping on a map using `iter` when `keys` or `values` would do"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for loops that will always `break`, `return` or
/// `continue` an outer loop.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** This loop never loops, all it does is obfuscating the
/// code.
///
/// **Known problems:** None
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// loop {
/// ..;
/// break;
/// }
/// ```
pub NEVER_LOOP,
correctness,
"any loop that will always `break` or `return`"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks for loops which have a range bound that is a mutable variable
///
/// **Why is this bad?** One might think that modifying the mutable variable changes the loop bounds
///
/// **Known problems:** None
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// let mut foo = 42;
/// for i in 0..foo {
/// foo -= 1;
/// println!("{}", i); // prints numbers from 0 to 42, not 0 to 21
/// }
/// ```
pub MUT_RANGE_BOUND,
complexity,
"for loop over a range where one of the bounds is a mutable variable"
}
declare_clippy_lint! {
/// **What it does:** Checks whether variables used within while loop condition
/// can be (and are) mutated in the body.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** If the condition is unchanged, entering the body of the loop
/// will lead to an infinite loop.
///
/// **Known problems:** If the `while`-loop is in a closure, the check for mutation of the
/// condition variables in the body can cause false negatives. For example when only `Upvar` `a` is
/// in the condition and only `Upvar` `b` gets mutated in the body, the lint will not trigger.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// let i = 0;
/// while i > 10 {
/// println!("let me loop forever!");
/// }
/// ```
pub WHILE_IMMUTABLE_CONDITION,
correctness,
"variables used within while expression are not mutated in the body"
}
declare_lint_pass!(Loops => [
MANUAL_MEMCPY,
NEEDLESS_RANGE_LOOP,
EXPLICIT_ITER_LOOP,
EXPLICIT_INTO_ITER_LOOP,
ITER_NEXT_LOOP,
FOR_LOOP_OVER_RESULT,
FOR_LOOP_OVER_OPTION,
WHILE_LET_LOOP,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT,
REVERSE_RANGE_LOOP,
EXPLICIT_COUNTER_LOOP,
EMPTY_LOOP,
WHILE_LET_ON_ITERATOR,
FOR_KV_MAP,
NEVER_LOOP,
MUT_RANGE_BOUND,
WHILE_IMMUTABLE_CONDITION,
]);
impl<'a, 'tcx> LateLintPass<'a, 'tcx> for Loops {
#[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if let Some((pat, arg, body)) = higher::for_loop(expr) {
// we don't want to check expanded macros
// this check is not at the top of the function
// since higher::for_loop expressions are marked as expansions
if body.span.from_expansion() {
return;
}
check_for_loop(cx, pat, arg, body, expr);
}
// we don't want to check expanded macros
if expr.span.from_expansion() {
return;
}
// check for never_loop
if let ExprKind::Loop(ref block, _, _) = expr.kind {
match never_loop_block(block, expr.hir_id) {
NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak => span_lint(cx, NEVER_LOOP, expr.span, "this loop never actually loops"),
NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop | NeverLoopResult::Otherwise => (),
}
}
// check for `loop { if let {} else break }` that could be `while let`
// (also matches an explicit "match" instead of "if let")
// (even if the "match" or "if let" is used for declaration)
if let ExprKind::Loop(ref block, _, LoopSource::Loop) = expr.kind {
// also check for empty `loop {}` statements
if block.stmts.is_empty() && block.expr.is_none() && !is_no_std_crate(cx.tcx.hir().krate()) {
span_lint(
cx,
EMPTY_LOOP,
expr.span,
"empty `loop {}` detected. You may want to either use `panic!()` or add \
`std::thread::sleep(..);` to the loop body.",
);
}
// extract the expression from the first statement (if any) in a block
let inner_stmt_expr = extract_expr_from_first_stmt(block);
// or extract the first expression (if any) from the block
if let Some(inner) = inner_stmt_expr.or_else(|| extract_first_expr(block)) {
if let ExprKind::Match(ref matchexpr, ref arms, ref source) = inner.kind {
// ensure "if let" compatible match structure
match *source {
MatchSource::Normal | MatchSource::IfLetDesugar { .. } => {
if arms.len() == 2
&& arms[0].guard.is_none()
&& arms[1].guard.is_none()
&& is_simple_break_expr(&arms[1].body)
{
if in_external_macro(cx.sess(), expr.span) {
return;
}
// NOTE: we used to build a body here instead of using
// ellipsis, this was removed because:
// 1) it was ugly with big bodies;
// 2) it was not indented properly;
// 3) it wasn’t very smart (see #675).
let mut applicability = Applicability::HasPlaceholders;
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
WHILE_LET_LOOP,
expr.span,
"this loop could be written as a `while let` loop",
"try",
format!(
"while let {} = {} {{ .. }}",
snippet_with_applicability(cx, arms[0].pat.span, "..", &mut applicability),
snippet_with_applicability(cx, matchexpr.span, "..", &mut applicability),
),
applicability,
);
}
},
_ => (),
}
}
}
}
if let ExprKind::Match(ref match_expr, ref arms, MatchSource::WhileLetDesugar) = expr.kind {
let pat = &arms[0].pat.kind;
if let (
&PatKind::TupleStruct(ref qpath, ref pat_args, _),
&ExprKind::MethodCall(ref method_path, _, ref method_args),
) = (pat, &match_expr.kind)
{
let iter_expr = &method_args[0];
// Don't lint when the iterator is recreated on every iteration
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(..) | ExprKind::Call(..) = iter_expr.kind;
if let Some(iter_def_id) = get_trait_def_id(cx, &paths::ITERATOR);
if implements_trait(cx, cx.tables.expr_ty(iter_expr), iter_def_id, &[]);
then {
return;
}
}
let lhs_constructor = last_path_segment(qpath);
if method_path.ident.name == sym!(next)
&& match_trait_method(cx, match_expr, &paths::ITERATOR)
&& lhs_constructor.ident.name == sym!(Some)
&& (pat_args.is_empty()
|| !is_refutable(cx, &pat_args[0])
&& !is_used_inside(cx, iter_expr, &arms[0].body)
&& !is_iterator_used_after_while_let(cx, iter_expr)
&& !is_nested(cx, expr, &method_args[0]))
{
let mut applicability = Applicability::MachineApplicable;
let iterator = snippet_with_applicability(cx, method_args[0].span, "_", &mut applicability);
let loop_var = if pat_args.is_empty() {
"_".to_string()
} else {
snippet_with_applicability(cx, pat_args[0].span, "_", &mut applicability).into_owned()
};
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
WHILE_LET_ON_ITERATOR,
expr.span.with_hi(match_expr.span.hi()),
"this loop could be written as a `for` loop",
"try",
format!("for {} in {}", loop_var, iterator),
applicability,
);
}
}
}
if let Some((cond, body)) = higher::while_loop(&expr) {
check_infinite_loop(cx, cond, body);
}
check_needless_collect(expr, cx);
}
}
enum NeverLoopResult {
// A break/return always get triggered but not necessarily for the main loop.
AlwaysBreak,
// A continue may occur for the main loop.
MayContinueMainLoop,
Otherwise,
}
#[must_use]
fn absorb_break(arg: &NeverLoopResult) -> NeverLoopResult {
match *arg {
NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak | NeverLoopResult::Otherwise => NeverLoopResult::Otherwise,
NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop => NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop,
}
}
// Combine two results for parts that are called in order.
#[must_use]
fn combine_seq(first: NeverLoopResult, second: NeverLoopResult) -> NeverLoopResult {
match first {
NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak | NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop => first,
NeverLoopResult::Otherwise => second,
}
}
// Combine two results where both parts are called but not necessarily in order.
#[must_use]
fn combine_both(left: NeverLoopResult, right: NeverLoopResult) -> NeverLoopResult {
match (left, right) {
(NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop, _) | (_, NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop) => {
NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop
},
(NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak, _) | (_, NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak) => NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak,
(NeverLoopResult::Otherwise, NeverLoopResult::Otherwise) => NeverLoopResult::Otherwise,
}
}
// Combine two results where only one of the part may have been executed.
#[must_use]
fn combine_branches(b1: NeverLoopResult, b2: NeverLoopResult) -> NeverLoopResult {
match (b1, b2) {
(NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak, NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak) => NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak,
(NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop, _) | (_, NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop) => {
NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop
},
(NeverLoopResult::Otherwise, _) | (_, NeverLoopResult::Otherwise) => NeverLoopResult::Otherwise,
}
}
fn never_loop_block(block: &Block<'_>, main_loop_id: HirId) -> NeverLoopResult {
let stmts = block.stmts.iter().map(stmt_to_expr);
let expr = once(block.expr.as_deref());
let mut iter = stmts.chain(expr).filter_map(|e| e);
never_loop_expr_seq(&mut iter, main_loop_id)
}
fn stmt_to_expr<'tcx>(stmt: &Stmt<'tcx>) -> Option<&'tcx Expr<'tcx>> {
match stmt.kind {
StmtKind::Semi(ref e, ..) | StmtKind::Expr(ref e, ..) => Some(e),
StmtKind::Local(ref local) => local.init.as_deref(),
_ => None,
}
}
fn never_loop_expr(expr: &Expr<'_>, main_loop_id: HirId) -> NeverLoopResult {
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::Box(ref e)
| ExprKind::Unary(_, ref e)
| ExprKind::Cast(ref e, _)
| ExprKind::Type(ref e, _)
| ExprKind::Field(ref e, _)
| ExprKind::AddrOf(_, _, ref e)
| ExprKind::Struct(_, _, Some(ref e))
| ExprKind::Repeat(ref e, _)
| ExprKind::DropTemps(ref e) => never_loop_expr(e, main_loop_id),
ExprKind::Array(ref es) | ExprKind::MethodCall(_, _, ref es) | ExprKind::Tup(ref es) => {
never_loop_expr_all(&mut es.iter(), main_loop_id)
},
ExprKind::Call(ref e, ref es) => never_loop_expr_all(&mut once(&**e).chain(es.iter()), main_loop_id),
ExprKind::Binary(_, ref e1, ref e2)
| ExprKind::Assign(ref e1, ref e2, _)
| ExprKind::AssignOp(_, ref e1, ref e2)
| ExprKind::Index(ref e1, ref e2) => never_loop_expr_all(&mut [&**e1, &**e2].iter().cloned(), main_loop_id),
ExprKind::Loop(ref b, _, _) => {
// Break can come from the inner loop so remove them.
absorb_break(&never_loop_block(b, main_loop_id))
},
ExprKind::Match(ref e, ref arms, _) => {
let e = never_loop_expr(e, main_loop_id);
if arms.is_empty() {
e
} else {
let arms = never_loop_expr_branch(&mut arms.iter().map(|a| &*a.body), main_loop_id);
combine_seq(e, arms)
}
},
ExprKind::Block(ref b, _) => never_loop_block(b, main_loop_id),
ExprKind::Continue(d) => {
let id = d
.target_id
.expect("target ID can only be missing in the presence of compilation errors");
if id == main_loop_id {
NeverLoopResult::MayContinueMainLoop
} else {
NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak
}
},
ExprKind::Break(_, ref e) | ExprKind::Ret(ref e) => {
if let Some(ref e) = *e {
combine_seq(never_loop_expr(e, main_loop_id), NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak)
} else {
NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak
}
},
ExprKind::Struct(_, _, None)
| ExprKind::Yield(_, _)
| ExprKind::Closure(_, _, _, _, _)
| ExprKind::LlvmInlineAsm(_)
| ExprKind::Path(_)
| ExprKind::Lit(_)
| ExprKind::Err => NeverLoopResult::Otherwise,
}
}
fn never_loop_expr_seq<'a, T: Iterator<Item = &'a Expr<'a>>>(es: &mut T, main_loop_id: HirId) -> NeverLoopResult {
es.map(|e| never_loop_expr(e, main_loop_id))
.fold(NeverLoopResult::Otherwise, combine_seq)
}
fn never_loop_expr_all<'a, T: Iterator<Item = &'a Expr<'a>>>(es: &mut T, main_loop_id: HirId) -> NeverLoopResult {
es.map(|e| never_loop_expr(e, main_loop_id))
.fold(NeverLoopResult::Otherwise, combine_both)
}
fn never_loop_expr_branch<'a, T: Iterator<Item = &'a Expr<'a>>>(e: &mut T, main_loop_id: HirId) -> NeverLoopResult {
e.map(|e| never_loop_expr(e, main_loop_id))
.fold(NeverLoopResult::AlwaysBreak, combine_branches)
}
fn check_for_loop<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
pat: &'tcx Pat<'_>,
arg: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
body: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
) {
check_for_loop_range(cx, pat, arg, body, expr);
check_for_loop_reverse_range(cx, arg, expr);
check_for_loop_arg(cx, pat, arg, expr);
check_for_loop_explicit_counter(cx, pat, arg, body, expr);
check_for_loop_over_map_kv(cx, pat, arg, body, expr);
check_for_mut_range_bound(cx, arg, body);
detect_manual_memcpy(cx, pat, arg, body, expr);
}
fn same_var<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &Expr<'_>, var: HirId) -> bool {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = expr.kind;
if let QPath::Resolved(None, ref path) = *qpath;
if path.segments.len() == 1;
if let Res::Local(local_id) = qpath_res(cx, qpath, expr.hir_id);
// our variable!
if local_id == var;
then {
return true;
}
}
false
}
struct Offset {
value: String,
negate: bool,
}
impl Offset {
fn negative(s: String) -> Self {
Self { value: s, negate: true }
}
fn positive(s: String) -> Self {
Self {
value: s,
negate: false,
}
}
}
struct FixedOffsetVar {
var_name: String,
offset: Offset,
}
fn is_slice_like<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, ty: Ty<'_>) -> bool {
let is_slice = match ty.kind {
ty::Ref(_, subty, _) => is_slice_like(cx, subty),
ty::Slice(..) | ty::Array(..) => true,
_ => false,
};
is_slice || is_type_diagnostic_item(cx, ty, sym!(vec_type)) || match_type(cx, ty, &paths::VEC_DEQUE)
}
fn get_fixed_offset_var<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &Expr<'_>, var: HirId) -> Option<FixedOffsetVar> {
fn extract_offset<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, e: &Expr<'_>, var: HirId) -> Option<String> {
match e.kind {
ExprKind::Lit(ref l) => match l.node {
ast::LitKind::Int(x, _ty) => Some(x.to_string()),
_ => None,
},
ExprKind::Path(..) if !same_var(cx, e, var) => Some(snippet_opt(cx, e.span).unwrap_or_else(|| "??".into())),
_ => None,
}
}
if let ExprKind::Index(ref seqexpr, ref idx) = expr.kind {
let ty = cx.tables.expr_ty(seqexpr);
if !is_slice_like(cx, ty) {
return None;
}
let offset = match idx.kind {
ExprKind::Binary(op, ref lhs, ref rhs) => match op.node {
BinOpKind::Add => {
let offset_opt = if same_var(cx, lhs, var) {
extract_offset(cx, rhs, var)
} else if same_var(cx, rhs, var) {
extract_offset(cx, lhs, var)
} else {
None
};
offset_opt.map(Offset::positive)
},
BinOpKind::Sub if same_var(cx, lhs, var) => extract_offset(cx, rhs, var).map(Offset::negative),
_ => None,
},
ExprKind::Path(..) => {
if same_var(cx, idx, var) {
Some(Offset::positive("0".into()))
} else {
None
}
},
_ => None,
};
offset.map(|o| FixedOffsetVar {
var_name: snippet_opt(cx, seqexpr.span).unwrap_or_else(|| "???".into()),
offset: o,
})
} else {
None
}
}
fn fetch_cloned_fixed_offset_var<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
expr: &Expr<'_>,
var: HirId,
) -> Option<FixedOffsetVar> {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref method, _, ref args) = expr.kind;
if method.ident.name == sym!(clone);
if args.len() == 1;
if let Some(arg) = args.get(0);
then {
return get_fixed_offset_var(cx, arg, var);
}
}
get_fixed_offset_var(cx, expr, var)
}
fn get_indexed_assignments<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
body: &Expr<'_>,
var: HirId,
) -> Vec<(FixedOffsetVar, FixedOffsetVar)> {
fn get_assignment<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
e: &Expr<'_>,
var: HirId,
) -> Option<(FixedOffsetVar, FixedOffsetVar)> {
if let ExprKind::Assign(ref lhs, ref rhs, _) = e.kind {
match (
get_fixed_offset_var(cx, lhs, var),
fetch_cloned_fixed_offset_var(cx, rhs, var),
) {
(Some(offset_left), Some(offset_right)) => {
// Source and destination must be different
if offset_left.var_name == offset_right.var_name {
None
} else {
Some((offset_left, offset_right))
}
},
_ => None,
}
} else {
None
}
}
if let ExprKind::Block(ref b, _) = body.kind {
let Block {
ref stmts, ref expr, ..
} = **b;
stmts
.iter()
.map(|stmt| match stmt.kind {
StmtKind::Local(..) | StmtKind::Item(..) => None,
StmtKind::Expr(ref e) | StmtKind::Semi(ref e) => Some(get_assignment(cx, e, var)),
})
.chain(expr.as_ref().into_iter().map(|e| Some(get_assignment(cx, &*e, var))))
.filter_map(|op| op)
.collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()
.unwrap_or_default()
} else {
get_assignment(cx, body, var).into_iter().collect()
}
}
/// Checks for for loops that sequentially copy items from one slice-like
/// object to another.
fn detect_manual_memcpy<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
pat: &'tcx Pat<'_>,
arg: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
body: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
) {
if let Some(higher::Range {
start: Some(start),
ref end,
limits,
}) = higher::range(cx, arg)
{
// the var must be a single name
if let PatKind::Binding(_, canonical_id, _, _) = pat.kind {
let print_sum = |arg1: &Offset, arg2: &Offset| -> String {
match (&arg1.value[..], arg1.negate, &arg2.value[..], arg2.negate) {
("0", _, "0", _) => "".into(),
("0", _, x, false) | (x, false, "0", false) => x.into(),
("0", _, x, true) | (x, false, "0", true) => format!("-{}", x),
(x, false, y, false) => format!("({} + {})", x, y),
(x, false, y, true) => {
if x == y {
"0".into()
} else {
format!("({} - {})", x, y)
}
},
(x, true, y, false) => {
if x == y {
"0".into()
} else {
format!("({} - {})", y, x)
}
},
(x, true, y, true) => format!("-({} + {})", x, y),
}
};
let print_limit = |end: &Option<&Expr<'_>>, offset: Offset, var_name: &str| {
if let Some(end) = *end {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref method, _, ref len_args) = end.kind;
if method.ident.name == sym!(len);
if len_args.len() == 1;
if let Some(arg) = len_args.get(0);
if snippet(cx, arg.span, "??") == var_name;
then {
return if offset.negate {
format!("({} - {})", snippet(cx, end.span, "<src>.len()"), offset.value)
} else {
String::new()
};
}
}
let end_str = match limits {
ast::RangeLimits::Closed => {
let end = sugg::Sugg::hir(cx, end, "<count>");
format!("{}", end + sugg::ONE)
},
ast::RangeLimits::HalfOpen => format!("{}", snippet(cx, end.span, "..")),
};
print_sum(&Offset::positive(end_str), &offset)
} else {
"..".into()
}
};
// The only statements in the for loops can be indexed assignments from
// indexed retrievals.
let manual_copies = get_indexed_assignments(cx, body, canonical_id);
let big_sugg = manual_copies
.into_iter()
.map(|(dst_var, src_var)| {
let start_str = Offset::positive(snippet(cx, start.span, "").to_string());
let dst_offset = print_sum(&start_str, &dst_var.offset);
let dst_limit = print_limit(end, dst_var.offset, &dst_var.var_name);
let src_offset = print_sum(&start_str, &src_var.offset);
let src_limit = print_limit(end, src_var.offset, &src_var.var_name);
let dst = if dst_offset == "" && dst_limit == "" {
dst_var.var_name
} else {
format!("{}[{}..{}]", dst_var.var_name, dst_offset, dst_limit)
};
format!(
"{}.clone_from_slice(&{}[{}..{}])",
dst, src_var.var_name, src_offset, src_limit
)
})
.join("\n ");
if !big_sugg.is_empty() {
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
MANUAL_MEMCPY,
expr.span,
"it looks like you're manually copying between slices",
"try replacing the loop by",
big_sugg,
Applicability::Unspecified,
);
}
}
}
}
/// Checks for looping over a range and then indexing a sequence with it.
/// The iteratee must be a range literal.
#[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
fn check_for_loop_range<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
pat: &'tcx Pat<'_>,
arg: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
body: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
) {
if let Some(higher::Range {
start: Some(start),
ref end,
limits,
}) = higher::range(cx, arg)
{
// the var must be a single name
if let PatKind::Binding(_, canonical_id, ident, _) = pat.kind {
let mut visitor = VarVisitor {
cx,
var: canonical_id,
indexed_mut: FxHashSet::default(),
indexed_indirectly: FxHashMap::default(),
indexed_directly: FxHashMap::default(),
referenced: FxHashSet::default(),
nonindex: false,
prefer_mutable: false,
};
walk_expr(&mut visitor, body);
// linting condition: we only indexed one variable, and indexed it directly
if visitor.indexed_indirectly.is_empty() && visitor.indexed_directly.len() == 1 {
let (indexed, (indexed_extent, indexed_ty)) = visitor
.indexed_directly
.into_iter()
.next()
.expect("already checked that we have exactly 1 element");
// ensure that the indexed variable was declared before the loop, see #601
if let Some(indexed_extent) = indexed_extent {
let parent_id = cx.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(expr.hir_id);
let parent_def_id = cx.tcx.hir().local_def_id(parent_id);
let region_scope_tree = cx.tcx.region_scope_tree(parent_def_id);
let pat_extent = region_scope_tree.var_scope(pat.hir_id.local_id);
if region_scope_tree.is_subscope_of(indexed_extent, pat_extent) {
return;
}
}
// don't lint if the container that is indexed does not have .iter() method
let has_iter = has_iter_method(cx, indexed_ty);
if has_iter.is_none() {
return;
}
// don't lint if the container that is indexed into is also used without
// indexing
if visitor.referenced.contains(&indexed) {
return;
}
let starts_at_zero = is_integer_const(cx, start, 0);
let skip = if starts_at_zero {
String::new()
} else {
format!(".skip({})", snippet(cx, start.span, ".."))
};
let mut end_is_start_plus_val = false;
let take = if let Some(end) = *end {
let mut take_expr = end;
if let ExprKind::Binary(ref op, ref left, ref right) = end.kind {
if let BinOpKind::Add = op.node {
let start_equal_left = SpanlessEq::new(cx).eq_expr(start, left);
let start_equal_right = SpanlessEq::new(cx).eq_expr(start, right);
if start_equal_left {
take_expr = right;
} else if start_equal_right {
take_expr = left;
}
end_is_start_plus_val = start_equal_left | start_equal_right;
}
}
if is_len_call(end, indexed) || is_end_eq_array_len(cx, end, limits, indexed_ty) {
String::new()
} else {
match limits {
ast::RangeLimits::Closed => {
let take_expr = sugg::Sugg::hir(cx, take_expr, "<count>");
format!(".take({})", take_expr + sugg::ONE)
},
ast::RangeLimits::HalfOpen => format!(".take({})", snippet(cx, take_expr.span, "..")),
}
}
} else {
String::new()
};
let (ref_mut, method) = if visitor.indexed_mut.contains(&indexed) {
("mut ", "iter_mut")
} else {
("", "iter")
};
let take_is_empty = take.is_empty();
let mut method_1 = take;
let mut method_2 = skip;
if end_is_start_plus_val {
mem::swap(&mut method_1, &mut method_2);
}
if visitor.nonindex {
span_lint_and_then(
cx,
NEEDLESS_RANGE_LOOP,
expr.span,
&format!("the loop variable `{}` is used to index `{}`", ident.name, indexed),
|diag| {
multispan_sugg(
diag,
"consider using an iterator".to_string(),
vec![
(pat.span, format!("({}, <item>)", ident.name)),
(
arg.span,
format!("{}.{}().enumerate(){}{}", indexed, method, method_1, method_2),
),
],
);
},
);
} else {
let repl = if starts_at_zero && take_is_empty {
format!("&{}{}", ref_mut, indexed)
} else {
format!("{}.{}(){}{}", indexed, method, method_1, method_2)
};
span_lint_and_then(
cx,
NEEDLESS_RANGE_LOOP,
expr.span,
&format!(
"the loop variable `{}` is only used to index `{}`.",
ident.name, indexed
),
|diag| {
multispan_sugg(
diag,
"consider using an iterator".to_string(),
vec![(pat.span, "<item>".to_string()), (arg.span, repl)],
);
},
);
}
}
}
}
}
fn is_len_call(expr: &Expr<'_>, var: Name) -> bool {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref method, _, ref len_args) = expr.kind;
if len_args.len() == 1;
if method.ident.name == sym!(len);
if let ExprKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, ref path)) = len_args[0].kind;
if path.segments.len() == 1;
if path.segments[0].ident.name == var;
then {
return true;
}
}
false
}
fn is_end_eq_array_len<'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'_, 'tcx>,
end: &Expr<'_>,
limits: ast::RangeLimits,
indexed_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
) -> bool {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::Lit(ref lit) = end.kind;
if let ast::LitKind::Int(end_int, _) = lit.node;
if let ty::Array(_, arr_len_const) = indexed_ty.kind;
if let Some(arr_len) = arr_len_const.try_eval_usize(cx.tcx, cx.param_env);
then {
return match limits {
ast::RangeLimits::Closed => end_int + 1 >= arr_len.into(),
ast::RangeLimits::HalfOpen => end_int >= arr_len.into(),
};
}
}
false
}
fn check_for_loop_reverse_range<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, arg: &'tcx Expr<'_>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
// if this for loop is iterating over a two-sided range...
if let Some(higher::Range {
start: Some(start),
end: Some(end),
limits,
}) = higher::range(cx, arg)
{
// ...and both sides are compile-time constant integers...
if let Some((start_idx, _)) = constant(cx, cx.tables, start) {
if let Some((end_idx, _)) = constant(cx, cx.tables, end) {
// ...and the start index is greater than the end index,
// this loop will never run. This is often confusing for developers
// who think that this will iterate from the larger value to the
// smaller value.
let ty = cx.tables.expr_ty(start);
let (sup, eq) = match (start_idx, end_idx) {
(Constant::Int(start_idx), Constant::Int(end_idx)) => (
match ty.kind {
ty::Int(ity) => sext(cx.tcx, start_idx, ity) > sext(cx.tcx, end_idx, ity),
ty::Uint(_) => start_idx > end_idx,
_ => false,
},
start_idx == end_idx,
),
_ => (false, false),
};
if sup {
let start_snippet = snippet(cx, start.span, "_");
let end_snippet = snippet(cx, end.span, "_");
let dots = if limits == ast::RangeLimits::Closed {
"..="
} else {
".."
};
span_lint_and_then(
cx,
REVERSE_RANGE_LOOP,
expr.span,
"this range is empty so this for loop will never run",
|diag| {
diag.span_suggestion(
arg.span,
"consider using the following if you are attempting to iterate over this \
range in reverse",
format!(
"({end}{dots}{start}).rev()",
end = end_snippet,
dots = dots,
start = start_snippet
),
Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
);
},
);
} else if eq && limits != ast::RangeLimits::Closed {
// if they are equal, it's also problematic - this loop
// will never run.
span_lint(
cx,
REVERSE_RANGE_LOOP,
expr.span,
"this range is empty so this for loop will never run",
);
}
}
}
}
}
fn lint_iter_method(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, args: &[Expr<'_>], arg: &Expr<'_>, method_name: &str) {
let mut applicability = Applicability::MachineApplicable;
let object = snippet_with_applicability(cx, args[0].span, "_", &mut applicability);
let muta = if method_name == "iter_mut" { "mut " } else { "" };
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
EXPLICIT_ITER_LOOP,
arg.span,
"it is more concise to loop over references to containers instead of using explicit \
iteration methods",
"to write this more concisely, try",
format!("&{}{}", muta, object),
applicability,
)
}
fn check_for_loop_arg(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, pat: &Pat<'_>, arg: &Expr<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
let mut next_loop_linted = false; // whether or not ITER_NEXT_LOOP lint was used
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref method, _, ref args) = arg.kind {
// just the receiver, no arguments
if args.len() == 1 {
let method_name = &*method.ident.as_str();
// check for looping over x.iter() or x.iter_mut(), could use &x or &mut x
if method_name == "iter" || method_name == "iter_mut" {
if is_ref_iterable_type(cx, &args[0]) {
lint_iter_method(cx, args, arg, method_name);
}
} else if method_name == "into_iter" && match_trait_method(cx, arg, &paths::INTO_ITERATOR) {
let receiver_ty = cx.tables.expr_ty(&args[0]);
let receiver_ty_adjusted = cx.tables.expr_ty_adjusted(&args[0]);
if same_tys(cx, receiver_ty, receiver_ty_adjusted) {
let mut applicability = Applicability::MachineApplicable;
let object = snippet_with_applicability(cx, args[0].span, "_", &mut applicability);
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
EXPLICIT_INTO_ITER_LOOP,
arg.span,
"it is more concise to loop over containers instead of using explicit \
iteration methods",
"to write this more concisely, try",
object.to_string(),
applicability,
);
} else {
let ref_receiver_ty = cx.tcx.mk_ref(
cx.tcx.lifetimes.re_erased,
ty::TypeAndMut {
ty: receiver_ty,
mutbl: Mutability::Not,
},
);
if same_tys(cx, receiver_ty_adjusted, ref_receiver_ty) {
lint_iter_method(cx, args, arg, method_name)
}
}
} else if method_name == "next" && match_trait_method(cx, arg, &paths::ITERATOR) {
span_lint(
cx,
ITER_NEXT_LOOP,
expr.span,
"you are iterating over `Iterator::next()` which is an Option; this will compile but is \
probably not what you want",
);
next_loop_linted = true;
}
}
}
if !next_loop_linted {
check_arg_type(cx, pat, arg);
}
}
/// Checks for `for` loops over `Option`s and `Result`s.
fn check_arg_type(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, pat: &Pat<'_>, arg: &Expr<'_>) {
let ty = cx.tables.expr_ty(arg);
if is_type_diagnostic_item(cx, ty, sym!(option_type)) {
span_lint_and_help(
cx,
FOR_LOOP_OVER_OPTION,
arg.span,
&format!(
"for loop over `{0}`, which is an `Option`. This is more readably written as an \
`if let` statement.",
snippet(cx, arg.span, "_")
),
None,
&format!(
"consider replacing `for {0} in {1}` with `if let Some({0}) = {1}`",
snippet(cx, pat.span, "_"),
snippet(cx, arg.span, "_")
),
);
} else if is_type_diagnostic_item(cx, ty, sym!(result_type)) {
span_lint_and_help(
cx,
FOR_LOOP_OVER_RESULT,
arg.span,
&format!(
"for loop over `{0}`, which is a `Result`. This is more readably written as an \
`if let` statement.",
snippet(cx, arg.span, "_")
),
None,
&format!(
"consider replacing `for {0} in {1}` with `if let Ok({0}) = {1}`",
snippet(cx, pat.span, "_"),
snippet(cx, arg.span, "_")
),
);
}
}
fn check_for_loop_explicit_counter<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
pat: &'tcx Pat<'_>,
arg: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
body: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
) {
// Look for variables that are incremented once per loop iteration.
let mut visitor = IncrementVisitor {
cx,
states: FxHashMap::default(),
depth: 0,
done: false,
};
walk_expr(&mut visitor, body);
// For each candidate, check the parent block to see if
// it's initialized to zero at the start of the loop.
if let Some(block) = get_enclosing_block(&cx, expr.hir_id) {
for (id, _) in visitor.states.iter().filter(|&(_, v)| *v == VarState::IncrOnce) {
let mut visitor2 = InitializeVisitor {
cx,
end_expr: expr,
var_id: *id,
state: VarState::IncrOnce,
name: None,
depth: 0,
past_loop: false,
};
walk_block(&mut visitor2, block);
if visitor2.state == VarState::Warn {
if let Some(name) = visitor2.name {
let mut applicability = Applicability::MachineApplicable;
// for some reason this is the only way to get the `Span`
// of the entire `for` loop
let for_span = if let ExprKind::Match(_, arms, _) = &expr.kind {
arms[0].body.span
} else {
unreachable!()
};
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
EXPLICIT_COUNTER_LOOP,
for_span.with_hi(arg.span.hi()),
&format!("the variable `{}` is used as a loop counter.", name),
"consider using",
format!(
"for ({}, {}) in {}.enumerate()",
name,
snippet_with_applicability(cx, pat.span, "item", &mut applicability),
make_iterator_snippet(cx, arg, &mut applicability),
),
applicability,
);
}
}
}
}
}
/// If `arg` was the argument to a `for` loop, return the "cleanest" way of writing the
/// actual `Iterator` that the loop uses.
fn make_iterator_snippet(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, arg: &Expr<'_>, applic_ref: &mut Applicability) -> String {
let impls_iterator = get_trait_def_id(cx, &paths::ITERATOR)
.map_or(false, |id| implements_trait(cx, cx.tables.expr_ty(arg), id, &[]));
if impls_iterator {
format!(
"{}",
sugg::Sugg::hir_with_applicability(cx, arg, "_", applic_ref).maybe_par()
)
} else {
// (&x).into_iter() ==> x.iter()
// (&mut x).into_iter() ==> x.iter_mut()
match &arg.kind {
ExprKind::AddrOf(BorrowKind::Ref, mutability, arg_inner)
if has_iter_method(cx, cx.tables.expr_ty(&arg_inner)).is_some() =>
{
let meth_name = match mutability {
Mutability::Mut => "iter_mut",
Mutability::Not => "iter",
};
format!(
"{}.{}()",
sugg::Sugg::hir_with_applicability(cx, &arg_inner, "_", applic_ref).maybe_par(),
meth_name,
)
}
_ => format!(
"{}.into_iter()",
sugg::Sugg::hir_with_applicability(cx, arg, "_", applic_ref).maybe_par()
),
}
}
}
/// Checks for the `FOR_KV_MAP` lint.
fn check_for_loop_over_map_kv<'a, 'tcx>(
cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
pat: &'tcx Pat<'_>,
arg: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
body: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>,
) {
let pat_span = pat.span;
if let PatKind::Tuple(ref pat, _) = pat.kind {
if pat.len() == 2 {
let arg_span = arg.span;
let (new_pat_span, kind, ty, mutbl) = match cx.tables.expr_ty(arg).kind {
ty::Ref(_, ty, mutbl) => match (&pat[0].kind, &pat[1].kind) {
(key, _) if pat_is_wild(key, body) => (pat[1].span, "value", ty, mutbl),
(_, value) if pat_is_wild(value, body) => (pat[0].span, "key", ty, Mutability::Not),
_ => return,
},
_ => return,
};
let mutbl = match mutbl {
Mutability::Not => "",
Mutability::Mut => "_mut",
};
let arg = match arg.kind {
ExprKind::AddrOf(BorrowKind::Ref, _, ref expr) => &**expr,
_ => arg,
};
if match_type(cx, ty, &paths::HASHMAP) || match_type(cx, ty, &paths::BTREEMAP) {
span_lint_and_then(
cx,
FOR_KV_MAP,
expr.span,
&format!("you seem to want to iterate on a map's {}s", kind),
|diag| {
let map = sugg::Sugg::hir(cx, arg, "map");
multispan_sugg(
diag,
"use the corresponding method".into(),
vec![
(pat_span, snippet(cx, new_pat_span, kind).into_owned()),
(arg_span, format!("{}.{}s{}()", map.maybe_par(), kind, mutbl)),
],
);
},
);
}
}
}
}
struct MutatePairDelegate {
hir_id_low: Option<HirId>,
hir_id_high: Option<HirId>,
span_low: Option<Span>,
span_high: Option<Span>,
}
impl<'tcx> Delegate<'tcx> for MutatePairDelegate {
fn consume(&mut self, _: &Place<'tcx>, _: ConsumeMode) {}
fn borrow(&mut self, cmt: &Place<'tcx>, bk: ty::BorrowKind) {
if let ty::BorrowKind::MutBorrow = bk {
if let PlaceBase::Local(id) = cmt.base {
if Some(id) == self.hir_id_low {
self.span_low = Some(cmt.span)
}
if Some(id) == self.hir_id_high {
self.span_high = Some(cmt.span)
}
}
}
}
fn mutate(&mut self, cmt: &Place<'tcx>) {
if let PlaceBase::Local(id) = cmt.base {
if Some(id) == self.hir_id_low {
self.span_low = Some(cmt.span)
}
if Some(id) == self.hir_id_high {
self.span_high = Some(cmt.span)
}
}
}
}
impl<'tcx> MutatePairDelegate {
fn mutation_span(&self) -> (Option<Span>, Option<Span>) {
(self.span_low, self.span_high)
}
}
fn check_for_mut_range_bound(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, arg: &Expr<'_>, body: &Expr<'_>) {
if let Some(higher::Range {
start: Some(start),
end: Some(end),
..
}) = higher::range(cx, arg)
{
let mut_ids = vec![check_for_mutability(cx, start), check_for_mutability(cx, end)];
if mut_ids[0].is_some() || mut_ids[1].is_some() {
let (span_low, span_high) = check_for_mutation(cx, body, &mut_ids);
mut_warn_with_span(cx, span_low);
mut_warn_with_span(cx, span_high);
}
}
}
fn mut_warn_with_span(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, span: Option<Span>) {
if let Some(sp) = span {
span_lint(
cx,
MUT_RANGE_BOUND,
sp,
"attempt to mutate range bound within loop; note that the range of the loop is unchanged",
);
}
}
fn check_for_mutability(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, bound: &Expr<'_>) -> Option<HirId> {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = bound.kind;
if let QPath::Resolved(None, _) = *qpath;
then {
let res = qpath_res(cx, qpath, bound.hir_id);
if let Res::Local(hir_id) = res {
let node_str = cx.tcx.hir().get(hir_id);
if_chain! {
if let Node::Binding(pat) = node_str;
if let PatKind::Binding(bind_ann, ..) = pat.kind;
if let BindingAnnotation::Mutable = bind_ann;
then {
return Some(hir_id);
}
}
}
}
}
None
}
fn check_for_mutation(
cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>,
body: &Expr<'_>,
bound_ids: &[Option<HirId>],
) -> (Option<Span>, Option<Span>) {
let mut delegate = MutatePairDelegate {
hir_id_low: bound_ids[0],
hir_id_high: bound_ids[1],
span_low: None,
span_high: None,
};
let def_id = body.hir_id.owner.to_def_id();
cx.tcx.infer_ctxt().enter(|infcx| {
ExprUseVisitor::new(&mut delegate, &infcx, def_id, cx.param_env, cx.tables).walk_expr(body);
});
delegate.mutation_span()
}
/// Returns `true` if the pattern is a `PatWild` or an ident prefixed with `_`.
fn pat_is_wild<'tcx>(pat: &'tcx PatKind<'_>, body: &'tcx Expr<'_>) -> bool {
match *pat {
PatKind::Wild => true,
PatKind::Binding(.., ident, None) if ident.as_str().starts_with('_') => is_unused(&ident, body),
_ => false,
}
}
struct LocalUsedVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
local: HirId,
used: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for LocalUsedVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if same_var(self.cx, expr, self.local) {
self.used = true;
} else {
walk_expr(self, expr);
}
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
struct VarVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
/// context reference
cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
/// var name to look for as index
var: HirId,
/// indexed variables that are used mutably
indexed_mut: FxHashSet<Name>,
/// indirectly indexed variables (`v[(i + 4) % N]`), the extend is `None` for global
indexed_indirectly: FxHashMap<Name, Option<region::Scope>>,
/// subset of `indexed` of vars that are indexed directly: `v[i]`
/// this will not contain cases like `v[calc_index(i)]` or `v[(i + 4) % N]`
indexed_directly: FxHashMap<Name, (Option<region::Scope>, Ty<'tcx>)>,
/// Any names that are used outside an index operation.
/// Used to detect things like `&mut vec` used together with `vec[i]`
referenced: FxHashSet<Name>,
/// has the loop variable been used in expressions other than the index of
/// an index op?
nonindex: bool,
/// Whether we are inside the `$` in `&mut $` or `$ = foo` or `$.bar`, where bar
/// takes `&mut self`
prefer_mutable: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> VarVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
fn check(&mut self, idx: &'tcx Expr<'_>, seqexpr: &'tcx Expr<'_>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) -> bool {
if_chain! {
// the indexed container is referenced by a name
if let ExprKind::Path(ref seqpath) = seqexpr.kind;
if let QPath::Resolved(None, ref seqvar) = *seqpath;
if seqvar.segments.len() == 1;
then {
let index_used_directly = same_var(self.cx, idx, self.var);
let indexed_indirectly = {
let mut used_visitor = LocalUsedVisitor {
cx: self.cx,
local: self.var,
used: false,
};
walk_expr(&mut used_visitor, idx);
used_visitor.used
};
if indexed_indirectly || index_used_directly {
if self.prefer_mutable {
self.indexed_mut.insert(seqvar.segments[0].ident.name);
}
let res = qpath_res(self.cx, seqpath, seqexpr.hir_id);
match res {
Res::Local(hir_id) => {
let parent_id = self.cx.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(expr.hir_id);
let parent_def_id = self.cx.tcx.hir().local_def_id(parent_id);
let extent = self.cx.tcx.region_scope_tree(parent_def_id).var_scope(hir_id.local_id);
if indexed_indirectly {
self.indexed_indirectly.insert(seqvar.segments[0].ident.name, Some(extent));
}
if index_used_directly {
self.indexed_directly.insert(
seqvar.segments[0].ident.name,
(Some(extent), self.cx.tables.node_type(seqexpr.hir_id)),
);
}
return false; // no need to walk further *on the variable*
}
Res::Def(DefKind::Static | DefKind::Const, ..) => {
if indexed_indirectly {
self.indexed_indirectly.insert(seqvar.segments[0].ident.name, None);
}
if index_used_directly {
self.indexed_directly.insert(
seqvar.segments[0].ident.name,
(None, self.cx.tables.node_type(seqexpr.hir_id)),
);
}
return false; // no need to walk further *on the variable*
}
_ => (),
}
}
}
}
true
}
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for VarVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if_chain! {
// a range index op
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref meth, _, ref args) = expr.kind;
if (meth.ident.name == sym!(index) && match_trait_method(self.cx, expr, &paths::INDEX))
|| (meth.ident.name == sym!(index_mut) && match_trait_method(self.cx, expr, &paths::INDEX_MUT));
if !self.check(&args[1], &args[0], expr);
then { return }
}
if_chain! {
// an index op
if let ExprKind::Index(ref seqexpr, ref idx) = expr.kind;
if !self.check(idx, seqexpr, expr);
then { return }
}
if_chain! {
// directly using a variable
if let ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = expr.kind;
if let QPath::Resolved(None, ref path) = *qpath;
if path.segments.len() == 1;
then {
if let Res::Local(local_id) = qpath_res(self.cx, qpath, expr.hir_id) {
if local_id == self.var {
self.nonindex = true;
} else {
// not the correct variable, but still a variable
self.referenced.insert(path.segments[0].ident.name);
}
}
}
}
let old = self.prefer_mutable;
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::AssignOp(_, ref lhs, ref rhs) | ExprKind::Assign(ref lhs, ref rhs, _) => {
self.prefer_mutable = true;
self.visit_expr(lhs);
self.prefer_mutable = false;
self.visit_expr(rhs);
},
ExprKind::AddrOf(BorrowKind::Ref, mutbl, ref expr) => {
if mutbl == Mutability::Mut {
self.prefer_mutable = true;
}
self.visit_expr(expr);
},
ExprKind::Call(ref f, args) => {
self.visit_expr(f);
for expr in args {
let ty = self.cx.tables.expr_ty_adjusted(expr);
self.prefer_mutable = false;
if let ty::Ref(_, _, mutbl) = ty.kind {
if mutbl == Mutability::Mut {
self.prefer_mutable = true;
}
}
self.visit_expr(expr);
}
},
ExprKind::MethodCall(_, _, args) => {
let def_id = self.cx.tables.type_dependent_def_id(expr.hir_id).unwrap();
for (ty, expr) in self.cx.tcx.fn_sig(def_id).inputs().skip_binder().iter().zip(args) {
self.prefer_mutable = false;
if let ty::Ref(_, _, mutbl) = ty.kind {
if mutbl == Mutability::Mut {
self.prefer_mutable = true;
}
}
self.visit_expr(expr);
}
},
ExprKind::Closure(_, _, body_id, ..) => {
let body = self.cx.tcx.hir().body(body_id);
self.visit_expr(&body.value);
},
_ => walk_expr(self, expr),
}
self.prefer_mutable = old;
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
fn is_used_inside<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>, container: &'tcx Expr<'_>) -> bool {
let def_id = match var_def_id(cx, expr) {
Some(id) => id,
None => return false,
};
if let Some(used_mutably) = mutated_variables(container, cx) {
if used_mutably.contains(&def_id) {
return true;
}
}
false
}
fn is_iterator_used_after_while_let<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, iter_expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) -> bool {
let def_id = match var_def_id(cx, iter_expr) {
Some(id) => id,
None => return false,
};
let mut visitor = VarUsedAfterLoopVisitor {
cx,
def_id,
iter_expr_id: iter_expr.hir_id,
past_while_let: false,
var_used_after_while_let: false,
};
if let Some(enclosing_block) = get_enclosing_block(cx, def_id) {
walk_block(&mut visitor, enclosing_block);
}
visitor.var_used_after_while_let
}
struct VarUsedAfterLoopVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
def_id: HirId,
iter_expr_id: HirId,
past_while_let: bool,
var_used_after_while_let: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for VarUsedAfterLoopVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if self.past_while_let {
if Some(self.def_id) == var_def_id(self.cx, expr) {
self.var_used_after_while_let = true;
}
} else if self.iter_expr_id == expr.hir_id {
self.past_while_let = true;
}
walk_expr(self, expr);
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
/// Returns `true` if the type of expr is one that provides `IntoIterator` impls
/// for `&T` and `&mut T`, such as `Vec`.
#[rustfmt::skip]
fn is_ref_iterable_type(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, e: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
// no walk_ptrs_ty: calling iter() on a reference can make sense because it
// will allow further borrows afterwards
let ty = cx.tables.expr_ty(e);
is_iterable_array(ty, cx) ||
is_type_diagnostic_item(cx, ty, sym!(vec_type)) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::LINKED_LIST) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::HASHMAP) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::HASHSET) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::VEC_DEQUE) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::BINARY_HEAP) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::BTREEMAP) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::BTREESET)
}
fn is_iterable_array<'tcx>(ty: Ty<'tcx>, cx: &LateContext<'_, 'tcx>) -> bool {
// IntoIterator is currently only implemented for array sizes <= 32 in rustc
match ty.kind {
ty::Array(_, n) => {
if let Some(val) = n.try_eval_usize(cx.tcx, cx.param_env) {
(0..=32).contains(&val)
} else {
false
}
},
_ => false,
}
}
/// If a block begins with a statement (possibly a `let` binding) and has an
/// expression, return it.
fn extract_expr_from_first_stmt<'tcx>(block: &Block<'tcx>) -> Option<&'tcx Expr<'tcx>> {
if block.stmts.is_empty() {
return None;
}
if let StmtKind::Local(ref local) = block.stmts[0].kind {
if let Some(expr) = local.init {
Some(expr)
} else {
None
}
} else {
None
}
}
/// If a block begins with an expression (with or without semicolon), return it.
fn extract_first_expr<'tcx>(block: &Block<'tcx>) -> Option<&'tcx Expr<'tcx>> {
match block.expr {
Some(ref expr) if block.stmts.is_empty() => Some(expr),
None if !block.stmts.is_empty() => match block.stmts[0].kind {
StmtKind::Expr(ref expr) | StmtKind::Semi(ref expr) => Some(expr),
StmtKind::Local(..) | StmtKind::Item(..) => None,
},
_ => None,
}
}
/// Returns `true` if expr contains a single break expr without destination label
/// and
/// passed expression. The expression may be within a block.
fn is_simple_break_expr(expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::Break(dest, ref passed_expr) if dest.label.is_none() && passed_expr.is_none() => true,
ExprKind::Block(ref b, _) => extract_first_expr(b).map_or(false, |subexpr| is_simple_break_expr(subexpr)),
_ => false,
}
}
// To trigger the EXPLICIT_COUNTER_LOOP lint, a variable must be
// incremented exactly once in the loop body, and initialized to zero
// at the start of the loop.
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
enum VarState {
Initial, // Not examined yet
IncrOnce, // Incremented exactly once, may be a loop counter
Declared, // Declared but not (yet) initialized to zero
Warn,
DontWarn,
}
/// Scan a for loop for variables that are incremented exactly once.
struct IncrementVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, // context reference
states: FxHashMap<HirId, VarState>, // incremented variables
depth: u32, // depth of conditional expressions
done: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for IncrementVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if self.done {
return;
}
// If node is a variable
if let Some(def_id) = var_def_id(self.cx, expr) {
if let Some(parent) = get_parent_expr(self.cx, expr) {
let state = self.states.entry(def_id).or_insert(VarState::Initial);
match parent.kind {
ExprKind::AssignOp(op, ref lhs, ref rhs) => {
if lhs.hir_id == expr.hir_id {
if op.node == BinOpKind::Add && is_integer_const(self.cx, rhs, 1) {
*state = match *state {
VarState::Initial if self.depth == 0 => VarState::IncrOnce,
_ => VarState::DontWarn,
};
} else {
// Assigned some other value
*state = VarState::DontWarn;
}
}
},
ExprKind::Assign(ref lhs, _, _) if lhs.hir_id == expr.hir_id => *state = VarState::DontWarn,
ExprKind::AddrOf(BorrowKind::Ref, mutability, _) if mutability == Mutability::Mut => {
*state = VarState::DontWarn
},
_ => (),
}
}
} else if is_loop(expr) || is_conditional(expr) {
self.depth += 1;
walk_expr(self, expr);
self.depth -= 1;
return;
} else if let ExprKind::Continue(_) = expr.kind {
self.done = true;
return;
}
walk_expr(self, expr);
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
/// Checks whether a variable is initialized to zero at the start of a loop.
struct InitializeVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, // context reference
end_expr: &'tcx Expr<'tcx>, // the for loop. Stop scanning here.
var_id: HirId,
state: VarState,
name: Option<Name>,
depth: u32, // depth of conditional expressions
past_loop: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for InitializeVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'tcx Stmt<'_>) {
// Look for declarations of the variable
if let StmtKind::Local(ref local) = stmt.kind {
if local.pat.hir_id == self.var_id {
if let PatKind::Binding(.., ident, _) = local.pat.kind {
self.name = Some(ident.name);
self.state = if let Some(ref init) = local.init {
if is_integer_const(&self.cx, init, 0) {
VarState::Warn
} else {
VarState::Declared
}
} else {
VarState::Declared
}
}
}
}
walk_stmt(self, stmt);
}
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if self.state == VarState::DontWarn {
return;
}
if SpanlessEq::new(self.cx).eq_expr(&expr, self.end_expr) {
self.past_loop = true;
return;
}
// No need to visit expressions before the variable is
// declared
if self.state == VarState::IncrOnce {
return;
}
// If node is the desired variable, see how it's used
if var_def_id(self.cx, expr) == Some(self.var_id) {
if let Some(parent) = get_parent_expr(self.cx, expr) {
match parent.kind {
ExprKind::AssignOp(_, ref lhs, _) if lhs.hir_id == expr.hir_id => {
self.state = VarState::DontWarn;
},
ExprKind::Assign(ref lhs, ref rhs, _) if lhs.hir_id == expr.hir_id => {
self.state = if is_integer_const(&self.cx, rhs, 0) && self.depth == 0 {
VarState::Warn
} else {
VarState::DontWarn
}
},
ExprKind::AddrOf(BorrowKind::Ref, mutability, _) if mutability == Mutability::Mut => {
self.state = VarState::DontWarn
},
_ => (),
}
}
if self.past_loop {
self.state = VarState::DontWarn;
return;
}
} else if !self.past_loop && is_loop(expr) {
self.state = VarState::DontWarn;
return;
} else if is_conditional(expr) {
self.depth += 1;
walk_expr(self, expr);
self.depth -= 1;
return;
}
walk_expr(self, expr);
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::OnlyBodies(self.cx.tcx.hir())
}
}
fn var_def_id(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) -> Option<HirId> {
if let ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = expr.kind {
let path_res = qpath_res(cx, qpath, expr.hir_id);
if let Res::Local(hir_id) = path_res {
return Some(hir_id);
}
}
None
}
fn is_loop(expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::Loop(..) => true,
_ => false,
}
}
fn is_conditional(expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::Match(..) => true,
_ => false,
}
}
fn is_nested(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, match_expr: &Expr<'_>, iter_expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
if_chain! {
if let Some(loop_block) = get_enclosing_block(cx, match_expr.hir_id);
let parent_node = cx.tcx.hir().get_parent_node(loop_block.hir_id);
if let Some(Node::Expr(loop_expr)) = cx.tcx.hir().find(parent_node);
then {
return is_loop_nested(cx, loop_expr, iter_expr)
}
}
false
}
fn is_loop_nested(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, loop_expr: &Expr<'_>, iter_expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
let mut id = loop_expr.hir_id;
let iter_name = if let Some(name) = path_name(iter_expr) {
name
} else {
return true;
};
loop {
let parent = cx.tcx.hir().get_parent_node(id);
if parent == id {
return false;
}
match cx.tcx.hir().find(parent) {
Some(Node::Expr(expr)) => {
if let ExprKind::Loop(..) = expr.kind {
return true;
};
},
Some(Node::Block(block)) => {
let mut block_visitor = LoopNestVisitor {
hir_id: id,
iterator: iter_name,
nesting: Unknown,
};
walk_block(&mut block_visitor, block);
if block_visitor.nesting == RuledOut {
return false;
}
},
Some(Node::Stmt(_)) => (),
_ => {
return false;
},
}
id = parent;
}
}
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
enum Nesting {
Unknown, // no nesting detected yet
RuledOut, // the iterator is initialized or assigned within scope
LookFurther, // no nesting detected, no further walk required
}
use self::Nesting::{LookFurther, RuledOut, Unknown};
struct LoopNestVisitor {
hir_id: HirId,
iterator: Name,
nesting: Nesting,
}
impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for LoopNestVisitor {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_stmt(&mut self, stmt: &'tcx Stmt<'_>) {
if stmt.hir_id == self.hir_id {
self.nesting = LookFurther;
} else if self.nesting == Unknown {
walk_stmt(self, stmt);
}
}
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if self.nesting != Unknown {
return;
}
if expr.hir_id == self.hir_id {
self.nesting = LookFurther;
return;
}
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::Assign(ref path, _, _) | ExprKind::AssignOp(_, ref path, _) => {
if match_var(path, self.iterator) {
self.nesting = RuledOut;
}
},
_ => walk_expr(self, expr),
}
}
fn visit_pat(&mut self, pat: &'tcx Pat<'_>) {
if self.nesting != Unknown {
return;
}
if let PatKind::Binding(.., span_name, _) = pat.kind {
if self.iterator == span_name.name {
self.nesting = RuledOut;
return;
}
}
walk_pat(self, pat)
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
fn path_name(e: &Expr<'_>) -> Option<Name> {
if let ExprKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, ref path)) = e.kind {
let segments = &path.segments;
if segments.len() == 1 {
return Some(segments[0].ident.name);
}
};
None
}
fn check_infinite_loop<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, cond: &'tcx Expr<'_>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if constant(cx, cx.tables, cond).is_some() {
// A pure constant condition (e.g., `while false`) is not linted.
return;
}
let mut var_visitor = VarCollectorVisitor {
cx,
ids: FxHashSet::default(),
def_ids: FxHashMap::default(),
skip: false,
};
var_visitor.visit_expr(cond);
if var_visitor.skip {
return;
}
let used_in_condition = &var_visitor.ids;
let no_cond_variable_mutated = if let Some(used_mutably) = mutated_variables(expr, cx) {
used_in_condition.is_disjoint(&used_mutably)
} else {
return;
};
let mutable_static_in_cond = var_visitor.def_ids.iter().any(|(_, v)| *v);
let mut has_break_or_return_visitor = HasBreakOrReturnVisitor {
has_break_or_return: false,
};
has_break_or_return_visitor.visit_expr(expr);
let has_break_or_return = has_break_or_return_visitor.has_break_or_return;
if no_cond_variable_mutated && !mutable_static_in_cond {
span_lint_and_then(
cx,
WHILE_IMMUTABLE_CONDITION,
cond.span,
"variables in the condition are not mutated in the loop body",
|diag| {
diag.note("this may lead to an infinite or to a never running loop");
if has_break_or_return {
diag.note("this loop contains `return`s or `break`s");
diag.help("rewrite it as `if cond { loop { } }`");
}
},
);
}
}
struct HasBreakOrReturnVisitor {
has_break_or_return: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for HasBreakOrReturnVisitor {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_expr(&mut self, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if self.has_break_or_return {
return;
}
match expr.kind {
ExprKind::Ret(_) | ExprKind::Break(_, _) => {
self.has_break_or_return = true;
return;
},
_ => {},
}
walk_expr(self, expr);
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
/// Collects the set of variables in an expression
/// Stops analysis if a function call is found
/// Note: In some cases such as `self`, there are no mutable annotation,
/// All variables definition IDs are collected
struct VarCollectorVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
cx: &'a LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
ids: FxHashSet<HirId>,
def_ids: FxHashMap<def_id::DefId, bool>,
skip: bool,
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> VarCollectorVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
fn insert_def_id(&mut self, ex: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = ex.kind;
if let QPath::Resolved(None, _) = *qpath;
let res = qpath_res(self.cx, qpath, ex.hir_id);
then {
match res {
Res::Local(hir_id) => {
self.ids.insert(hir_id);
},
Res::Def(DefKind::Static, def_id) => {
let mutable = self.cx.tcx.is_mutable_static(def_id);
self.def_ids.insert(def_id, mutable);
},
_ => {},
}
}
}
}
}
impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for VarCollectorVisitor<'a, 'tcx> {
type Map = Map<'tcx>;
fn visit_expr(&mut self, ex: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
match ex.kind {
ExprKind::Path(_) => self.insert_def_id(ex),
// If there is any function/method call… we just stop analysis
ExprKind::Call(..) | ExprKind::MethodCall(..) => self.skip = true,
_ => walk_expr(self, ex),
}
}
fn nested_visit_map(&mut self) -> NestedVisitorMap<Self::Map> {
NestedVisitorMap::None
}
}
const NEEDLESS_COLLECT_MSG: &str = "avoid using `collect()` when not needed";
fn check_needless_collect<'a, 'tcx>(expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>, cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>) {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref method, _, ref args) = expr.kind;
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref chain_method, _, _) = args[0].kind;
if chain_method.ident.name == sym!(collect) && match_trait_method(cx, &args[0], &paths::ITERATOR);
if let Some(ref generic_args) = chain_method.args;
if let Some(GenericArg::Type(ref ty)) = generic_args.args.get(0);
then {
let ty = cx.tables.node_type(ty.hir_id);
if is_type_diagnostic_item(cx, ty, sym!(vec_type)) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::VEC_DEQUE) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::BTREEMAP) ||
match_type(cx, ty, &paths::HASHMAP) {
if method.ident.name == sym!(len) {
let span = shorten_needless_collect_span(expr);
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT,
span,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT_MSG,
"replace with",
".count()".to_string(),
Applicability::MachineApplicable,
);
}
if method.ident.name == sym!(is_empty) {
let span = shorten_needless_collect_span(expr);
span_lint_and_sugg(
cx,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT,
span,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT_MSG,
"replace with",
".next().is_none()".to_string(),
Applicability::MachineApplicable,
);
}
if method.ident.name == sym!(contains) {
let contains_arg = snippet(cx, args[1].span, "??");
let span = shorten_needless_collect_span(expr);
span_lint_and_then(
cx,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT,
span,
NEEDLESS_COLLECT_MSG,
|diag| {
let (arg, pred) = if contains_arg.starts_with('&') {
("x", &contains_arg[1..])
} else {
("&x", &*contains_arg)
};
diag.span_suggestion(
span,
"replace with",
format!(
".any(|{}| x == {})",
arg, pred
),
Applicability::MachineApplicable,
);
}
);
}
}
}
}
}
fn shorten_needless_collect_span(expr: &Expr<'_>) -> Span {
if_chain! {
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(_, _, ref args) = expr.kind;
if let ExprKind::MethodCall(_, ref span, _) = args[0].kind;
then {
return expr.span.with_lo(span.lo() - BytePos(1));
}
}
unreachable!()
}
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