rust-clippy/clippy_lints/src/ranges.rs

// Copyright 2014-2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

use crate::rustc::hir::*;
use crate::rustc::lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass, LintArray, LintPass};
use crate::rustc::{declare_tool_lint, lint_array};
use crate::rustc_errors::Applicability;
use crate::syntax::ast::RangeLimits;
use crate::syntax::source_map::Spanned;
use crate::utils::sugg::Sugg;
use crate::utils::{get_trait_def_id, higher, implements_trait, SpanlessEq};
use crate::utils::{is_integer_literal, paths, snippet, snippet_opt, span_lint, span_lint_and_then};
use if_chain::if_chain;

/// **What it does:** Checks for calling `.step_by(0)` on iterators,
/// which never terminates.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** This very much looks like an oversight, since with
/// `loop { .. }` there is an obvious better way to endlessly loop.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// for x in (5..5).step_by(0) {
///     ..
/// }
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub ITERATOR_STEP_BY_ZERO,
    correctness,
    "using `Iterator::step_by(0)`, which produces an infinite iterator"
}

/// **What it does:** Checks for zipping a collection with the range of
/// `0.._.len()`.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** The code is better expressed with `.enumerate()`.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// x.iter().zip(0..x.len())
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub RANGE_ZIP_WITH_LEN,
    complexity,
    "zipping iterator with a range when `enumerate()` would do"
}

/// **What it does:** Checks for exclusive ranges where 1 is added to the
/// upper bound, e.g. `x..(y+1)`.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** The code is more readable with an inclusive range
/// like `x..=y`.
///
/// **Known problems:** Will add unnecessary pair of parentheses when the
/// expression is not wrapped in a pair but starts with a opening parenthesis
/// and ends with a closing one.
/// I.e: `let _ = (f()+1)..(f()+1)` results in `let _ = ((f()+1)..=f())`.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// for x..(y+1) { .. }
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub RANGE_PLUS_ONE,
    complexity,
    "`x..(y+1)` reads better as `x..=y`"
}

/// **What it does:** Checks for inclusive ranges where 1 is subtracted from
/// the upper bound, e.g. `x..=(y-1)`.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** The code is more readable with an exclusive range
/// like `x..y`.
///
/// **Known problems:** None.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// for x..=(y-1) { .. }
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub RANGE_MINUS_ONE,
    complexity,
    "`x..=(y-1)` reads better as `x..y`"
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
pub struct Pass;

impl LintPass for Pass {
    fn get_lints(&self) -> LintArray {
        lint_array!(
            ITERATOR_STEP_BY_ZERO,
            RANGE_ZIP_WITH_LEN,
            RANGE_PLUS_ONE,
            RANGE_MINUS_ONE
        )
    }
}

impl<'a, 'tcx> LateLintPass<'a, 'tcx> for Pass {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &'tcx Expr) {
        if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref path, _, ref args) = expr.node {
            let name = path.ident.as_str();

            // Range with step_by(0).
            if name == "step_by" && args.len() == 2 && has_step_by(cx, &args[0]) {
                use crate::consts::{constant, Constant};
                if let Some((Constant::Int(0), _)) = constant(cx, cx.tables, &args[1]) {
                    span_lint(
                        cx,
                        ITERATOR_STEP_BY_ZERO,
                        expr.span,
                        "Iterator::step_by(0) will panic at runtime",
                    );
                }
            } else if name == "zip" && args.len() == 2 {
                let iter = &args[0].node;
                let zip_arg = &args[1];
                if_chain! {
                    // .iter() call
                    if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref iter_path, _, ref iter_args ) = *iter;
                    if iter_path.ident.name == "iter";
                    // range expression in .zip() call: 0..x.len()
                    if let Some(higher::Range { start: Some(start), end: Some(end), .. }) = higher::range(cx, zip_arg);
                    if is_integer_literal(start, 0);
                    // .len() call
                    if let ExprKind::MethodCall(ref len_path, _, ref len_args) = end.node;
                    if len_path.ident.name == "len" && len_args.len() == 1;
                    // .iter() and .len() called on same Path
                    if let ExprKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, ref iter_path)) = iter_args[0].node;
                    if let ExprKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, ref len_path)) = len_args[0].node;
                    if SpanlessEq::new(cx).eq_path_segments(&iter_path.segments, &len_path.segments);
                     then {
                         span_lint(cx,
                                   RANGE_ZIP_WITH_LEN,
                                   expr.span,
                                   &format!("It is more idiomatic to use {}.iter().enumerate()",
                                            snippet(cx, iter_args[0].span, "_")));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // exclusive range plus one: x..(y+1)
        if_chain! {
            if let Some(higher::Range {
                start,
                end: Some(end),
                limits: RangeLimits::HalfOpen
            }) = higher::range(cx, expr);
            if let Some(y) = y_plus_one(end);
            then {
                span_lint_and_then(
                    cx,
                    RANGE_PLUS_ONE,
                    expr.span,
                    "an inclusive range would be more readable",
                    |db| {
                        let start = start.map_or(String::new(), |x| Sugg::hir(cx, x, "x").to_string());
                        let end = Sugg::hir(cx, y, "y");
                        if let Some(is_wrapped) = &snippet_opt(cx, expr.span) {
                            if is_wrapped.starts_with('(') && is_wrapped.ends_with(')') {
                                db.span_suggestion_with_applicability(
                                    expr.span,
                                    "use",
                                    format!("({}..={})", start, end),
                                    Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
                                );
                            } else {
                                db.span_suggestion_with_applicability(
                                    expr.span,
                                    "use",
                                    format!("{}..={}", start, end),
                                    Applicability::MachineApplicable, // snippet
                                );
                            }
                        }
                    },
                );
            }
        }

        // inclusive range minus one: x..=(y-1)
        if_chain! {
            if let Some(higher::Range { start, end: Some(end), limits: RangeLimits::Closed }) = higher::range(cx, expr);
            if let Some(y) = y_minus_one(end);
            then {
                span_lint_and_then(
                    cx,
                    RANGE_MINUS_ONE,
                    expr.span,
                    "an exclusive range would be more readable",
                    |db| {
                        let start = start.map_or(String::new(), |x| Sugg::hir(cx, x, "x").to_string());
                        let end = Sugg::hir(cx, y, "y");
                        db.span_suggestion_with_applicability(
                            expr.span,
                            "use",
                            format!("{}..{}", start, end),
                            Applicability::MachineApplicable, // snippet
                        );
                    },
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

fn has_step_by(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, expr: &Expr) -> bool {
    // No need for walk_ptrs_ty here because step_by moves self, so it
    // can't be called on a borrowed range.
    let ty = cx.tables.expr_ty_adjusted(expr);

    get_trait_def_id(cx, &paths::ITERATOR).map_or(false, |iterator_trait| implements_trait(cx, ty, iterator_trait, &[]))
}

fn y_plus_one(expr: &Expr) -> Option<&Expr> {
    match expr.node {
        ExprKind::Binary(
            Spanned {
                node: BinOpKind::Add, ..
            },
            ref lhs,
            ref rhs,
        ) => {
            if is_integer_literal(lhs, 1) {
                Some(rhs)
            } else if is_integer_literal(rhs, 1) {
                Some(lhs)
            } else {
                None
            }
        },
        _ => None,
    }
}

fn y_minus_one(expr: &Expr) -> Option<&Expr> {
    match expr.node {
        ExprKind::Binary(
            Spanned {
                node: BinOpKind::Sub, ..
            },
            ref lhs,
            ref rhs,
        ) if is_integer_literal(rhs, 1) => Some(lhs),
        _ => None,
    }
}