Initial implementation of dyn*
This PR adds extremely basic and incomplete support for [dyn*](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps//blog/2022/03/29/dyn-can-we-make-dyn-sized/). The goal is to get something in tree behind a flag to make collaboration easier, and also to make sure the implementation so far is not unreasonable. This PR does quite a few things:
* Introduce `dyn_star` feature flag
* Adds parsing for `dyn* Trait` types
* Defines `dyn* Trait` as a sized type
* Adds support for explicit casts, like `42usize as dyn* Debug`
* Including const evaluation of such casts
* Adds codegen for drop glue so things are cleaned up properly when a `dyn* Trait` object goes out of scope
* Adds codegen for method calls, at least for methods that take `&self`
Quite a bit is still missing, but this gives us a starting point. Note that this is never intended to become stable surface syntax for Rust, but rather `dyn*` is planned to be used as an implementation detail for async functions in dyn traits.
Joint work with `@nikomatsakis` and `@compiler-errors.`
r? `@bjorn3`
This shrinks `hir::Ty` from 72 to 48 bytes.
`visit_lifetime` is added to the HIR stats collector because these types
are now stored in memory on their own, instead of being within other
types.
`BindingAnnotation` refactor
* `ast::BindingMode` is deleted and replaced with `hir::BindingAnnotation` (which is moved to `ast`)
* `BindingAnnotation` is changed from an enum to a tuple struct e.g. `BindingAnnotation(ByRef::No, Mutability::Mut)`
* Associated constants added for convenience `BindingAnnotation::{NONE, REF, MUT, REF_MUT}`
One goal is to make it more clear that `BindingAnnotation` merely represents syntax `ref mut` and not the actual binding mode. This was especially confusing since we had `ast::BindingMode`->`hir::BindingAnnotation`->`thir::BindingMode`.
I wish there were more symmetry between `ByRef` and `Mutability` (variant) naming (maybe `Mutable::Yes`?), and I also don't love how long the name `BindingAnnotation` is, but this seems like the best compromise. Ideas welcome.
From 72 bytes to 12 bytes (on x86-64).
There are two parts to this:
- Changing various source code offsets from 64-bit to 32-bit. This is
not a problem because the rest of rustc also uses 32-bit source code
offsets. This means `Token` is no longer `Copy` but this causes no
problems.
- Removing the `RawStrError` from `LiteralKind`. Raw string literal
invalidity is now indicated by a `None` value within
`RawStr`/`RawByteStr`, and the new `validate_raw_str` function can be
used to re-lex an invalid raw string literal to get the `RawStrError`.
There is one very small change in behaviour. Previously, if a raw string
literal matched both the `InvalidStarter` and `TooManyHashes` cases,
the latter would override the former. This has now changed, because
`raw_double_quoted_string` now uses `?` and so returns immediately upon
detecting the `InvalidStarter` case. I think this is a slight
improvement to report the earlier-detected error, and it explains the
change in the `test_too_many_hashes` test.
The commit also removes a couple of comments that refer to #77629 and
say that the size of these types don't affect performance. These
comments are wrong, though the performance effect is small.
Implement `for<>` lifetime binder for closures
This PR implements RFC 3216 ([TI](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/97362)) and allows code like the following:
```rust
let _f = for<'a, 'b> |a: &'a A, b: &'b B| -> &'b C { b.c(a) };
// ^^^^^^^^^^^--- new!
```
cc ``@Aaron1011`` ``@cjgillot``
