Point at return type when it influences non-first `match` arm
When encountering code like
```rust
fn foo() -> i32 {
match 0 {
1 => return 0,
2 => "",
_ => 1,
}
}
```
Point at the return type and not at the prior arm, as that arm has type `!` which isn't influencing the arm corresponding to arm `2`.
Fix#78124.
Store the laziness of type aliases in their `DefKind`
Previously, we would treat paths referring to type aliases as *lazy* type aliases if the current crate had lazy type aliases enabled independently of whether the crate which the alias was defined in had the feature enabled or not.
With this PR, the laziness of a type alias depends on the crate it is defined in. This generally makes more sense to me especially if / once lazy type aliases become the default in a new edition and we need to think about *edition interoperability*:
Consider the hypothetical case where the dependency crate has an older edition (and thus eager type aliases), it exports a type alias with bounds & a where-clause (which are void but technically valid), the dependent crate has the latest edition (and thus lazy type aliases) and it uses that type alias. Arguably, the bounds should *not* be checked since at any time, the dependency crate should be allowed to change the bounds at will with a *non*-major version bump & without negatively affecting downstream crates.
As for the reverse case (dependency: lazy type aliases, dependent: eager type aliases), I guess it rules out anything from slight confusion to mild annoyance from upstream crate authors that would be caused by the compiler ignoring the bounds of their type aliases in downstream crates with older editions.
---
This fixes#114468 since before, my assumption that the type alias associated with a given weak projection was lazy (and therefore had its variances computed) did not necessarily hold in cross-crate scenarios (which [I kinda had a hunch about](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/114253#discussion_r1278608099)) as outlined above. Now it does hold.
`@rustbot` label F-lazy_type_alias
r? `@oli-obk`
Improve spans for indexing expressions
fixes#114388
Indexing is similar to method calls in having an arbitrary left-hand-side and then something on the right, which is the main part of the expression. Method calls already have a span for that right part, but indexing does not. This means that long method chains that use indexing have really bad spans, especially when the indexing panics and that span in coverted into a panic location.
This does the same thing as method calls for the AST and HIR, storing an extra span which is then put into the `fn_span` field in THIR.
r? compiler-errors
Indexing is similar to method calls in having an arbitrary
left-hand-side and then something on the right, which is the main part
of the expression. Method calls already have a span for that right part,
but indexing does not. This means that long method chains that use
indexing have really bad spans, especially when the indexing panics and
that span in coverted into a panic location.
This does the same thing as method calls for the AST and HIR, storing an
extra span which is then put into the `fn_span` field in THIR.
Perform OpaqueCast field projection on HIR, too.
fixes#105819
This is necessary for closure captures in 2021 edition, as they capture individual fields, not the full mentioned variables. So it may try to capture a field of an opaque (because the hidden type is known to be something with a field).
See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/99806 for when and why we added OpaqueCast to MIR.
This is necessary for closure captures in 2021 edition, as they capture individual fields, not the full mentioned variables. So it may try to capture a field of an opaque (because the hidden type is known to be something with a field).
It makes it sound like the `ExprKind` and `Rvalue` are supposed to represent all pointer related
casts, when in reality their just used to share a some enum variants. Make it clear there these
are only coercion to make it clear why only some pointer related "casts" are in the enum.
Move `TyCtxt::mk_x` to `Ty::new_x` where applicable
Part of rust-lang/compiler-team#616
turns out there's a lot of places we construct `Ty` this is a ridiculously huge PR :S
r? `@oli-obk`
Specialize `try_destructure_mir_constant` for its sole user (pretty printing)
We can't remove the query, as we need to invoke it from rustc_middle, but can only implement it in mir interpretation/const eval.
r? `@RalfJung` for a first round.
While we could move all the logic into pretty printing, that would end up duplicating a bit of code with const eval, which doesn't seem great either.
`hir`: Add `Become` expression kind (explicit tail calls experiment)
This adds `hir::ExprKind::Become` alongside ast lowering. During hir-thir lowering we currently lower `become` as `return`, so that we can partially test `become` without ICEing.
cc `@scottmcm`
r? `@Nilstrieb`
Syntactically accept `become` expressions (explicit tail calls experiment)
This adds `ast::ExprKind::Become`, implements parsing and properly gates the feature.
cc `@scottmcm`
Add a fully fledged `Clause` type, rename old `Clause` to `ClauseKind`
Does two basic things before I put up a more delicate set of PRs (along the lines of #112714, but hopefully much cleaner) that migrate existing usages of `ty::Predicate` to `ty::Clause` (`predicates_of`/`item_bounds`/`ParamEnv::caller_bounds`).
1. Rename `Clause` to `ClauseKind`, so it's parallel with `PredicateKind`.
2. Add a new `Clause` type which is parallel to `Predicate`.
* This type exposes `Clause::kind(self) -> Binder<'tcx, ClauseKind<'tcx>>` which is parallel to `Predicate::kind` 😸
The new `Clause` type essentially acts as a newtype wrapper around `Predicate` that asserts that it is specifically a `PredicateKind::Clause`. Turns out from experimentation[^1] that this is not negative performance-wise, which is wonderful, since this a much simpler design than something that requires encoding the discriminant into the alignment bits of a predicate kind, or something else like that...
r? ``@lcnr`` or ``@oli-obk``
[^1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/112714#issuecomment-1595653910
Each of `{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage::{Str,Eager}` has a comment:
```
// FIXME(davidtwco): can a `Cow<'static, str>` be used here?
```
This commit answers that question in the affirmative. It's not the most
compelling change ever, but it might be worth merging.
This requires changing the `impl<'a> From<&'a str>` impls to `impl
From<&'static str>`, which involves a bunch of knock-on changes that
require/result in call sites being a little more precise about exactly
what kind of string they use to create errors, and not just `&str`. This
will result in fewer unnecessary allocations, though this will not have
any notable perf effects given that these are error paths.
Note that I was lazy within Clippy, using `to_string` in a few places to
preserve the existing string imprecision. I could have used `impl
Into<{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage>` in various places as is done in the
compiler, but that would have required changes to *many* call sites
(mostly changing `&format("...")` to `format!("...")`) which didn't seem
worthwhile.
Currently a `{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage` can be created from any type that
impls `Into<String>`. That includes `&str`, `String`, and `Cow<'static,
str>`, which are reasonable. It also includes `&String`, which is pretty
weird, and results in many places making unnecessary allocations for
patterns like this:
```
self.fatal(&format!(...))
```
This creates a string with `format!`, takes a reference, passes the
reference to `fatal`, which does an `into()`, which clones the
reference, doing a second allocation. Two allocations for a single
string, bleh.
This commit changes the `From` impls so that you can only create a
`{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage` from `&str`, `String`, or `Cow<'static,
str>`. This requires changing all the places that currently create one
from a `&String`. Most of these are of the `&format!(...)` form
described above; each one removes an unnecessary static `&`, plus an
allocation when executed. There are also a few places where the existing
use of `&String` was more reasonable; these now just use `clone()` at
the call site.
As well as making the code nicer and more efficient, this is a step
towards possibly using `Cow<'static, str>` in
`{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage::{Str,Eager}`. That would require changing
the `From<&'a str>` impls to `From<&'static str>`, which is doable, but
I'm not yet sure if it's worthwhile.
Switch to `EarlyBinder` for `explicit_item_bounds`
Part of the work to finish https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/105779.
This PR adds `EarlyBinder` to the return type of the `explicit_item_bounds` query and removes `bound_explicit_item_bounds`.
r? `@compiler-errors` (hope it's okay to request you, since you reviewed #110299 and #110498😃)
Add offset_of! macro (RFC 3308)
Implements https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/3308 (tracking issue #106655) by adding the built in macro `core::mem::offset_of`. Two of the future possibilities are also implemented:
* Nested field accesses (without array indexing)
* DST support (for `Sized` fields)
I wrote this a few months ago, before the RFC merged. Now that it's merged, I decided to rebase and finish it.
cc `@thomcc` (RFC author)
Make elaboration generic over input
Combines all the `elaborate_*` family of functions into just one, which is an iterator over the same type that you pass in (e.g. elaborating `Predicate` gives `Predicate`s, elaborating `Obligation`s gives `Obligation`s, etc.)
Initial support for return type notation (RTN)
See: https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2023/02/13/return-type-notation-send-bounds-part-2/
1. Only supports `T: Trait<method(): Send>` style bounds, not `<T as Trait>::method(): Send`. Checking validity and injecting an implicit binder for all of the late-bound method generics is harder to do for the latter.
* I'd add this in a follow-up.
3. ~Doesn't support RTN in general type position, i.e. no `let x: <T as Trait>::method() = ...`~
* I don't think we actually want this.
5. Doesn't add syntax for "eliding" the function args -- i.e. for now, we write `method(): Send` instead of `method(..): Send`.
* May be a hazard if we try to add it in the future. I'll probably add it in a follow-up later, with a structured suggestion to change `method()` to `method(..)` once we add it.
7. ~I'm not in love with the feature gate name 😺~
* I renamed it to `return_type_notation` ✔️
Follow-up PRs will probably add support for `where T::method(): Send` bounds. I'm not sure if we ever want to support return-type-notation in arbitrary type positions. I may also make the bounds require `..` in the args list later.
r? `@ghost`
Remove the `NodeId` of `ast::ExprKind::Async`
This is a followup to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/104833#pullrequestreview-1314537416.
In my original attempt, I was using `LoweringContext::expr`, which was not correct as it creates a fresh `DefId`.
It now uses the correct `DefId` for the wrapping `Expr`, and also makes forwarding `#[track_caller]` attributes more explicit.
Rollup of 7 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #108541 (Suppress `opaque_hidden_inferred_bound` for nested RPITs)
- #109137 (resolve: Querify most cstore access methods (subset 2))
- #109380 (add `known-bug` test for unsoundness issue)
- #109462 (Make alias-eq have a relation direction (and rename it to alias-relate))
- #109475 (Simpler checked shifts in MIR building)
- #109504 (Stabilize `arc_into_inner` and `rc_into_inner`.)
- #109506 (make param bound vars visibly bound vars with -Zverbose)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
Updates `interpret`, `codegen_ssa`, and `codegen_cranelift` to consume the new cast instead of the intrinsic.
Includes `CastTransmute` for custom MIR building, to be able to test the extra UB.
Remove box expressions from HIR
After #108516, `#[rustc_box]` is used at HIR->THIR lowering and this is no longer emitted, so it can be removed.
This is based on top of #108471 to help with conflicts, so 43490488ccacd1a822e9c621f5ed6fca99959a0b is the only relevant commit (sorry for all the duplicated pings!)
````@rustbot```` label +S-blocked
Remove `identity_future` indirection
This was previously needed because the indirection used to hide some unexplained lifetime errors, which it turned out were related to the `min_choice` algorithm.
Removing the indirection also solves a couple of cycle errors, large moves and makes async blocks support the `#[track_caller]`annotation.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/104826.
This was previously needed because the indirection used to hide some unexplained lifetime errors, which it turned out were related to the `min_choice` algorithm.
Removing the indirection also solves a couple of cycle errors, large moves and makes async blocks support the `#[track_caller]` annotation.
Restrict `#[rustc_box]` to `Box::new` calls
Currently, `#[rustc_box]` can be applied to any call expression with a single argument. This PR only allows it to be applied to calls to `Box::new`
(This is a large commit. The changes to
`compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs` are the most important ones.)
The current naming scheme is a mess, with a mix of `_intern_`, `intern_`
and `mk_` prefixes, with little consistency. In particular, in many
cases it's easy to use an iterator interner when a (preferable) slice
interner is available.
The guiding principles of the new naming system:
- No `_intern_` prefixes.
- The `intern_` prefix is for internal operations.
- The `mk_` prefix is for external operations.
- For cases where there is a slice interner and an iterator interner,
the former is `mk_foo` and the latter is `mk_foo_from_iter`.
Also, `slice_interners!` and `direct_interners!` can now be `pub` or
non-`pub`, which helps enforce the internal/external operations
division.
It's not perfect, but I think it's a clear improvement.
The following lists show everything that was renamed.
slice_interners
- const_list
- mk_const_list -> mk_const_list_from_iter
- intern_const_list -> mk_const_list
- substs
- mk_substs -> mk_substs_from_iter
- intern_substs -> mk_substs
- check_substs -> check_and_mk_substs (this is a weird one)
- canonical_var_infos
- intern_canonical_var_infos -> mk_canonical_var_infos
- poly_existential_predicates
- mk_poly_existential_predicates -> mk_poly_existential_predicates_from_iter
- intern_poly_existential_predicates -> mk_poly_existential_predicates
- _intern_poly_existential_predicates -> intern_poly_existential_predicates
- predicates
- mk_predicates -> mk_predicates_from_iter
- intern_predicates -> mk_predicates
- _intern_predicates -> intern_predicates
- projs
- intern_projs -> mk_projs
- place_elems
- mk_place_elems -> mk_place_elems_from_iter
- intern_place_elems -> mk_place_elems
- bound_variable_kinds
- mk_bound_variable_kinds -> mk_bound_variable_kinds_from_iter
- intern_bound_variable_kinds -> mk_bound_variable_kinds
direct_interners
- region
- intern_region (unchanged)
- const
- mk_const_internal -> intern_const
- const_allocation
- intern_const_alloc -> mk_const_alloc
- layout
- intern_layout -> mk_layout
- adt_def
- intern_adt_def -> mk_adt_def_from_data (unusual case, hard to avoid)
- alloc_adt_def(!) -> mk_adt_def
- external_constraints
- intern_external_constraints -> mk_external_constraints
Other
- type_list
- mk_type_list -> mk_type_list_from_iter
- intern_type_list -> mk_type_list
- tup
- mk_tup -> mk_tup_from_iter
- intern_tup -> mk_tup
Use `target` instead of `machine` for mir interpreter integer handling.
The naming of `machine` only makes sense from a mir interpreter internals perspective, but outside users talk about the `target` platform. As per https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/108029#issuecomment-1429791015
r? `@RalfJung`
Avoid accessing HIR when it can be avoided
Experiment to see if it helps some incremental cases.
Will be rebased once https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/107942 gets merged.
r? `@ghost`
Implement `deferred_projection_equality` for erica solver
Somewhat of a revival of #96912. When relating projections now emit an `AliasEq` obligation instead of attempting to determine equality of projections that may not be as normalized as possible (i.e. because of lazy norm, or just containing inference variables that prevent us from resolving an impl). Only do this when the new solver is enabled
Use stable metric for const eval limit instead of current terminator-based logic
This patch adds a `MirPass` that inserts a new MIR instruction `ConstEvalCounter` to any loops and function calls in the CFG. This instruction is used during Const Eval to count against the `const_eval_limit`, and emit the `StepLimitReached` error, replacing the current logic which uses Terminators only.
The new method of counting loops and function calls should be more stable across compiler versions (i.e., not cause crates that compiled successfully before, to no longer compile when changes to the MIR generation/optimization are made).
Also see: #103877
Remove HirId -> LocalDefId map from HIR.
Having this map in HIR prevents the creating of new definitions after HIR has been built.
Thankfully, we do not need it.
Based on https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/103902
Move format_args!() into AST (and expand it during AST lowering)
Implements https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-team/issues/541
This moves FormatArgs from rustc_builtin_macros to rustc_ast_lowering. For now, the end result is the same. But this allows for future changes to do smarter things with format_args!(). It also allows Clippy to directly access the ast::FormatArgs, making things a lot easier.
This change turns the format args types into lang items. The builtin macro used to refer to them by their path. After this change, the path is no longer relevant, making it easier to make changes in `core`.
This updates clippy to use the new language items, but this doesn't yet make clippy use the ast::FormatArgs structure that's now available. That should be done after this is merged.
Rollup of 9 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #104531 (Provide a better error and a suggestion for `Fn` traits with lifetime params)
- #105899 (`./x doc library --open` opens `std`)
- #106190 (Account for multiple multiline spans with empty padding)
- #106202 (Trim more paths in obligation types)
- #106234 (rustdoc: simplify settings, help, and copy button CSS by not reusing)
- #106236 (docs/test: add docs and a UI test for `E0514` and `E0519`)
- #106259 (Update Clippy)
- #106260 (Fix index out of bounds issues in rustdoc)
- #106263 (Formatter should not try to format non-Rust files)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
Remove `token::Lit` from `ast::MetaItemLit`.
Currently `ast::MetaItemLit` represents the literal kind twice. This PR removes that redundancy. Best reviewed one commit at a time.
r? `@petrochenkov`
rustc_ast_lowering: Stop lowering imports into multiple items
Lower them into a single item with multiple resolutions instead.
This also allows to remove additional `NodId`s and `DefId`s related to those additional items.
This is required to distinguish between cooked and raw byte string
literals in an `ast::LitKind`, without referring to an adjacent
`token::Lit`. It's a prerequisite for the next commit.
Lower them into a single item with multiple resolutions instead.
This also allows to remove additional `NodId`s and `DefId`s related to those additional items.
Separate lifetime ident from lifetime resolution in HIR
Drive-by: change how suggested generic args are computed.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103815
I recommend reviewing commit-by-commit.
Update Clippy
r? `@Manishearth`
Sorry for taking so long. There were so many blockers and so little time. This situation should be mitigated with #104007 in the future.
Rollup of 11 pull requests
Successful merges:
- #103396 (Pin::new_unchecked: discuss pinning closure captures)
- #104416 (Fix using `include_bytes` in pattern position)
- #104557 (Add a test case for async dyn* traits)
- #104559 (Split `MacArgs` in two.)
- #104597 (Probe + better error messsage for `need_migrate_deref_output_trait_object`)
- #104656 (Move tests)
- #104657 (Do not check transmute if has non region infer)
- #104663 (rustdoc: factor out common button CSS)
- #104666 (Migrate alias search result to CSS variables)
- #104674 (Make negative_impl and negative_impl_exists take the right types)
- #104692 (Update test's cfg-if dependency to 1.0)
Failed merges:
r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup
`MacArgs` is an enum with three variants: `Empty`, `Delimited`, and `Eq`. It's
used in two ways:
- For representing attribute macro arguments (e.g. in `AttrItem`), where all
three variants are used.
- For representing function-like macros (e.g. in `MacCall` and `MacroDef`),
where only the `Delimited` variant is used.
In other words, `MacArgs` is used in two quite different places due to them
having partial overlap. I find this makes the code hard to read. It also leads
to various unreachable code paths, and allows invalid values (such as
accidentally using `MacArgs::Empty` in a `MacCall`).
This commit splits `MacArgs` in two:
- `DelimArgs` is a new struct just for the "delimited arguments" case. It is
now used in `MacCall` and `MacroDef`.
- `AttrArgs` is a renaming of the old `MacArgs` enum for the attribute macro
case. Its `Delimited` variant now contains a `DelimArgs`.
Various other related things are renamed as well.
These changes make the code clearer, avoids several unreachable paths, and
disallows the invalid values.
Improve spans for RPITIT object-safety errors
No reason why we can't point at the `impl Trait` that causes the object-safety violation.
Also [drive-by: Add is_async fn to hir::IsAsync](c4165f3a96), which touches clippy too.
Instead of `ast::Lit`.
Literal lowering now happens at two different times. Expression literals
are lowered when HIR is crated. Attribute literals are lowered during
parsing.
This commit changes the language very slightly. Some programs that used
to not compile now will compile. This is because some invalid literals
that are removed by `cfg` or attribute macros will no longer trigger
errors. See this comment for more details:
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/102944#issuecomment-1277476773
Accept `TyCtxt` instead of `TyCtxtAt` in `Ty::is_*` functions
Functions in answer:
- `Ty::is_freeze`
- `Ty::is_sized`
- `Ty::is_unpin`
- `Ty::is_copy_modulo_regions`
This allows to remove a lot of useless `.at(DUMMY_SP)`, making the code a bit nicer :3
r? `@compiler-errors`
spastorino noticed some silly expressions like `item_id.def_id.def_id`.
This commit renames several `def_id: OwnerId` fields as `owner_id`, so
those expressions become `item_id.owner_id.def_id`.
`item_id.owner_id.local_def_id` would be even clearer, but the use of
`def_id` for values of type `LocalDefId` is *very* widespread, so I left
that alone.
rename `ImplItemKind::TyAlias` to `ImplItemKind::Type`
The naming of this variant seems inconsistent given that this is not really a "type alias", and the associated type variant for `TraitItemKind` is just called `Type`.
Remove `mir::CastKind::Misc`
As discussed in #97649 `mir::CastKind::Misc` is not clear, this PR addresses that by creating a new enum variant for every valid cast.
r? ````@oli-obk````
Move lint level source explanation to the bottom
So, uhhhhh
r? `@estebank`
## User-facing change
"note: `#[warn(...)]` on by default" and such are moved to the bottom of the diagnostic:
```diff
- = note: `#[warn(unsupported_calling_conventions)]` on by default
= warning: this was previously accepted by the compiler but is being phased out; it will become a hard error in a future release!
= note: for more information, see issue #87678 <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/87678>
+ = note: `#[warn(unsupported_calling_conventions)]` on by default
```
Why warning is enabled is the least important thing, so it shouldn't be the first note the user reads, IMO.
## Developer-facing change
`struct_span_lint` and similar methods have a different signature.
Before: `..., impl for<'a> FnOnce(LintDiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>)`
After: `..., impl Into<DiagnosticMessage>, impl for<'a, 'b> FnOnce(&'b mut DiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>) -> &'b mut DiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>`
The reason for this is that `struct_span_lint` needs to edit the diagnostic _after_ `decorate` closure is called. This also makes lint code a little bit nicer in my opinion.
Another option is to use `impl for<'a> FnOnce(LintDiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a, ()>` altough I don't _really_ see reasons to do `let lint = lint.build(message)` everywhere.
## Subtle problem
By moving the message outside of the closure (that may not be called if the lint is disabled) `format!(...)` is executed earlier, possibly formatting `Ty` which may call a query that trims paths that crashes the compiler if there were no warnings...
I don't think it's that big of a deal, considering that we move from `format!(...)` to `fluent` (which is lazy by-default) anyway, however this required adding a workaround which is unfortunate.
## P.S.
I'm sorry, I do not how to make this PR smaller/easier to review. Changes to the lint API affect SO MUCH 😢
`Res::SelfTy` currently has two `Option`s. When the second one is `Some`
the first one is never consulted. So we can split it into two variants,
`Res::SelfTyParam` and `Res::SelfTyAlias`, reducing the size of `Res`
from 24 bytes to 12. This then shrinks `hir::Path` and
`hir::PathSegment`, which are the HIR types that take up the most space.
Stabilize const `BTree{Map,Set}::new`
The FCP was completed in #71835.
Since `len` and `is_empty` are not const stable yet, this also creates a new feature for them since they previously used the same `const_btree_new` feature.
fix a ui test
use `into`
fix clippy ui test
fix a run-make-fulldeps test
implement `IntoQueryParam<DefId>` for `OwnerId`
use `OwnerId` for more queries
change the type of `ParentOwnerIterator::Item` to `(OwnerId, OwnerNode)`
Since clippy can use a projects MSRV for its lints, it might not want
to consider functions as const stable if they have been added lately.
Functions that have been stabilized this version use
CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION as their version, which gets then turned into the
current version, which might be something like `1.66.0-dev`. The version
parser cannot deal with this version, so it has to be stripped off.
Initial implementation of dyn*
This PR adds extremely basic and incomplete support for [dyn*](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps//blog/2022/03/29/dyn-can-we-make-dyn-sized/). The goal is to get something in tree behind a flag to make collaboration easier, and also to make sure the implementation so far is not unreasonable. This PR does quite a few things:
* Introduce `dyn_star` feature flag
* Adds parsing for `dyn* Trait` types
* Defines `dyn* Trait` as a sized type
* Adds support for explicit casts, like `42usize as dyn* Debug`
* Including const evaluation of such casts
* Adds codegen for drop glue so things are cleaned up properly when a `dyn* Trait` object goes out of scope
* Adds codegen for method calls, at least for methods that take `&self`
Quite a bit is still missing, but this gives us a starting point. Note that this is never intended to become stable surface syntax for Rust, but rather `dyn*` is planned to be used as an implementation detail for async functions in dyn traits.
Joint work with `@nikomatsakis` and `@compiler-errors.`
r? `@bjorn3`
This shrinks `hir::Ty` from 72 to 48 bytes.
`visit_lifetime` is added to the HIR stats collector because these types
are now stored in memory on their own, instead of being within other
types.
`BindingAnnotation` refactor
* `ast::BindingMode` is deleted and replaced with `hir::BindingAnnotation` (which is moved to `ast`)
* `BindingAnnotation` is changed from an enum to a tuple struct e.g. `BindingAnnotation(ByRef::No, Mutability::Mut)`
* Associated constants added for convenience `BindingAnnotation::{NONE, REF, MUT, REF_MUT}`
One goal is to make it more clear that `BindingAnnotation` merely represents syntax `ref mut` and not the actual binding mode. This was especially confusing since we had `ast::BindingMode`->`hir::BindingAnnotation`->`thir::BindingMode`.
I wish there were more symmetry between `ByRef` and `Mutability` (variant) naming (maybe `Mutable::Yes`?), and I also don't love how long the name `BindingAnnotation` is, but this seems like the best compromise. Ideas welcome.
