Add a lint for maps with zero-sized values

Co-authored-by: Eduardo Broto <ebroto@tutanota.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2171,5 +2171,6 @@ Released 2018-09-13
 [`zero_divided_by_zero`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#zero_divided_by_zero
 [`zero_prefixed_literal`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#zero_prefixed_literal
 [`zero_ptr`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#zero_ptr
+[`zero_sized_map_values`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#zero_sized_map_values
 [`zst_offset`]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/index.html#zst_offset
 <!-- end autogenerated links to lint list -->

clippy_lints/src/lib.rs

@@ -345,6 +345,7 @@ mod wildcard_dependencies;
 mod wildcard_imports;
 mod write;
 mod zero_div_zero;
+mod zero_sized_map_values;
 // end lints modules, do not remove this comment, it’s used in `update_lints`
 
 pub use crate::utils::conf::Conf;
@@ -944,6 +945,7 @@ pub fn register_plugins(store: &mut rustc_lint::LintStore, sess: &Session, conf:
         &write::WRITE_LITERAL,
         &write::WRITE_WITH_NEWLINE,
         &zero_div_zero::ZERO_DIVIDED_BY_ZERO,
+        &zero_sized_map_values::ZERO_SIZED_MAP_VALUES,
     ]);
     // end register lints, do not remove this comment, it’s used in `update_lints`
 
@@ -1204,6 +1206,7 @@ pub fn register_plugins(store: &mut rustc_lint::LintStore, sess: &Session, conf:
     store.register_late_pass(|| box undropped_manually_drops::UndroppedManuallyDrops);
     store.register_late_pass(|| box strings::StrToString);
     store.register_late_pass(|| box strings::StringToString);
+    store.register_late_pass(|| box zero_sized_map_values::ZeroSizedMapValues);
 
     store.register_group(true, "clippy::restriction", Some("clippy_restriction"), vec![
         LintId::of(&arithmetic::FLOAT_ARITHMETIC),
@@ -1336,6 +1339,7 @@ pub fn register_plugins(store: &mut rustc_lint::LintStore, sess: &Session, conf:
         LintId::of(&unused_self::UNUSED_SELF),
         LintId::of(&wildcard_imports::ENUM_GLOB_USE),
         LintId::of(&wildcard_imports::WILDCARD_IMPORTS),
+        LintId::of(&zero_sized_map_values::ZERO_SIZED_MAP_VALUES),
     ]);
 
     #[cfg(feature = "internal-lints")]

clippy_lints/src/zero_sized_map_values.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+use if_chain::if_chain;
+use rustc_hir::{self as hir, HirId, ItemKind, Node};
+use rustc_lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass};
+use rustc_middle::ty::{Adt, Ty};
+use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
+use rustc_target::abi::LayoutOf as _;
+use rustc_typeck::hir_ty_to_ty;
+
+use crate::utils::{is_type_diagnostic_item, match_type, paths, span_lint_and_help};
+
+declare_clippy_lint! {
+    /// **What it does:** Checks for maps with zero-sized value types anywhere in the code.
+    ///
+    /// **Why is this bad?** Since there is only a single value for a zero-sized type, a map
+    /// containing zero sized values is effectively a set. Using a set in that case improves
+    /// readability and communicates intent more clearly.
+    ///
+    /// **Known problems:**
+    /// * A zero-sized type cannot be recovered later if it contains private fields.
+    /// * This lints the signature of public items
+    ///
+    /// **Example:**
+    ///
+    /// ```rust
+    /// # use std::collections::HashMap;
+    /// fn unique_words(text: &str) -> HashMap<&str, ()> {
+    ///     todo!();
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    /// Use instead:
+    /// ```rust
+    /// # use std::collections::HashSet;
+    /// fn unique_words(text: &str) -> HashSet<&str> {
+    ///     todo!();
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    pub ZERO_SIZED_MAP_VALUES,
+    pedantic,
+    "usage of map with zero-sized value type"
+}
+
+declare_lint_pass!(ZeroSizedMapValues => [ZERO_SIZED_MAP_VALUES]);
+
+impl LateLintPass<'_> for ZeroSizedMapValues {
+    fn check_ty(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, hir_ty: &hir::Ty<'_>) {
+        if_chain! {
+            if !hir_ty.span.from_expansion();
+            if !in_trait_impl(cx, hir_ty.hir_id);
+            let ty = ty_from_hir_ty(cx, hir_ty);
+            if is_type_diagnostic_item(cx, ty, sym!(hashmap_type)) || match_type(cx, ty, &paths::BTREEMAP);
+            if let Adt(_, ref substs) = ty.kind();
+            let ty = substs.type_at(1);
+            if let Ok(layout) = cx.layout_of(ty);
+            if layout.is_zst();
+            then {
+                span_lint_and_help(cx, ZERO_SIZED_MAP_VALUES, hir_ty.span, "map with zero-sized value type", None, "consider using a set instead");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn in_trait_impl(cx: &LateContext<'_>, hir_id: HirId) -> bool {
+    let parent_id = cx.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(hir_id);
+    if let Some(Node::Item(item)) = cx.tcx.hir().find(cx.tcx.hir().get_parent_item(parent_id)) {
+        if let ItemKind::Impl { of_trait: Some(_), .. } = item.kind {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+fn ty_from_hir_ty<'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, hir_ty: &hir::Ty<'_>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
+    cx.maybe_typeck_results()
+        .and_then(|results| {
+            if results.hir_owner == hir_ty.hir_id.owner {
+                results.node_type_opt(hir_ty.hir_id)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        })
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| hir_ty_to_ty(cx.tcx, hir_ty))
+}

tests/ui/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#![warn(clippy::zero_sized_map_values)]
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+const CONST_OK: Option<BTreeMap<String, usize>> = None;
+const CONST_NOT_OK: Option<BTreeMap<String, ()>> = None;
+
+static STATIC_OK: Option<BTreeMap<String, usize>> = None;
+static STATIC_NOT_OK: Option<BTreeMap<String, ()>> = None;
+
+type OkMap = BTreeMap<String, usize>;
+type NotOkMap = BTreeMap<String, ()>;
+
+enum TestEnum {
+    Ok(BTreeMap<String, usize>),
+    NotOk(BTreeMap<String, ()>),
+}
+
+struct Test {
+    ok: BTreeMap<String, usize>,
+    not_ok: BTreeMap<String, ()>,
+
+    also_not_ok: Vec<BTreeMap<usize, ()>>,
+}
+
+trait TestTrait {
+    type Output;
+
+    fn produce_output() -> Self::Output;
+
+    fn weird_map(&self, map: BTreeMap<usize, ()>);
+}
+
+impl Test {
+    fn ok(&self) -> BTreeMap<String, usize> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn not_ok(&self) -> BTreeMap<String, ()> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl TestTrait for Test {
+    type Output = BTreeMap<String, ()>;
+
+    fn produce_output() -> Self::Output {
+        todo!();
+    }
+
+    fn weird_map(&self, map: BTreeMap<usize, ()>) {
+        todo!();
+    }
+}
+
+fn test(map: BTreeMap<String, ()>, key: &str) -> BTreeMap<String, ()> {
+    todo!();
+}
+
+fn test2(map: BTreeMap<String, usize>, key: &str) -> BTreeMap<String, usize> {
+    todo!();
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let _: BTreeMap<String, ()> = BTreeMap::new();
+    let _: BTreeMap<String, usize> = BTreeMap::new();
+
+    let _: BTreeMap<_, _> = std::iter::empty::<(String, ())>().collect();
+}

tests/ui/zero_sized_btreemap_values.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:5:28
+   |
+LL | const CONST_NOT_OK: Option<BTreeMap<String, ()>> = None;
+   |                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: `-D clippy::zero-sized-map-values` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:8:30
+   |
+LL | static STATIC_NOT_OK: Option<BTreeMap<String, ()>> = None;
+   |                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:11:17
+   |
+LL | type NotOkMap = BTreeMap<String, ()>;
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:15:11
+   |
+LL |     NotOk(BTreeMap<String, ()>),
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:20:13
+   |
+LL |     not_ok: BTreeMap<String, ()>,
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:22:22
+   |
+LL |     also_not_ok: Vec<BTreeMap<usize, ()>>,
+   |                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:30:30
+   |
+LL |     fn weird_map(&self, map: BTreeMap<usize, ()>);
+   |                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:38:25
+   |
+LL |     fn not_ok(&self) -> BTreeMap<String, ()> {
+   |                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:55:14
+   |
+LL | fn test(map: BTreeMap<String, ()>, key: &str) -> BTreeMap<String, ()> {
+   |              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:55:50
+   |
+LL | fn test(map: BTreeMap<String, ()>, key: &str) -> BTreeMap<String, ()> {
+   |                                                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:64:35
+   |
+LL |     let _: BTreeMap<String, ()> = BTreeMap::new();
+   |                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:64:12
+   |
+LL |     let _: BTreeMap<String, ()> = BTreeMap::new();
+   |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_btreemap_values.rs:67:12
+   |
+LL |     let _: BTreeMap<_, _> = std::iter::empty::<(String, ())>().collect();
+   |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: aborting due to 13 previous errors
+

tests/ui/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#![warn(clippy::zero_sized_map_values)]
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+const CONST_OK: Option<HashMap<String, usize>> = None;
+const CONST_NOT_OK: Option<HashMap<String, ()>> = None;
+
+static STATIC_OK: Option<HashMap<String, usize>> = None;
+static STATIC_NOT_OK: Option<HashMap<String, ()>> = None;
+
+type OkMap = HashMap<String, usize>;
+type NotOkMap = HashMap<String, ()>;
+
+enum TestEnum {
+    Ok(HashMap<String, usize>),
+    NotOk(HashMap<String, ()>),
+}
+
+struct Test {
+    ok: HashMap<String, usize>,
+    not_ok: HashMap<String, ()>,
+
+    also_not_ok: Vec<HashMap<usize, ()>>,
+}
+
+trait TestTrait {
+    type Output;
+
+    fn produce_output() -> Self::Output;
+
+    fn weird_map(&self, map: HashMap<usize, ()>);
+}
+
+impl Test {
+    fn ok(&self) -> HashMap<String, usize> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn not_ok(&self) -> HashMap<String, ()> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+
+impl TestTrait for Test {
+    type Output = HashMap<String, ()>;
+
+    fn produce_output() -> Self::Output {
+        todo!();
+    }
+
+    fn weird_map(&self, map: HashMap<usize, ()>) {
+        todo!();
+    }
+}
+
+fn test(map: HashMap<String, ()>, key: &str) -> HashMap<String, ()> {
+    todo!();
+}
+
+fn test2(map: HashMap<String, usize>, key: &str) -> HashMap<String, usize> {
+    todo!();
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let _: HashMap<String, ()> = HashMap::new();
+    let _: HashMap<String, usize> = HashMap::new();
+
+    let _: HashMap<_, _> = std::iter::empty::<(String, ())>().collect();
+}

tests/ui/zero_sized_hashmap_values.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:5:28
+   |
+LL | const CONST_NOT_OK: Option<HashMap<String, ()>> = None;
+   |                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: `-D clippy::zero-sized-map-values` implied by `-D warnings`
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:8:30
+   |
+LL | static STATIC_NOT_OK: Option<HashMap<String, ()>> = None;
+   |                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:11:17
+   |
+LL | type NotOkMap = HashMap<String, ()>;
+   |                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:15:11
+   |
+LL |     NotOk(HashMap<String, ()>),
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:20:13
+   |
+LL |     not_ok: HashMap<String, ()>,
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:22:22
+   |
+LL |     also_not_ok: Vec<HashMap<usize, ()>>,
+   |                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:30:30
+   |
+LL |     fn weird_map(&self, map: HashMap<usize, ()>);
+   |                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:38:25
+   |
+LL |     fn not_ok(&self) -> HashMap<String, ()> {
+   |                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:55:14
+   |
+LL | fn test(map: HashMap<String, ()>, key: &str) -> HashMap<String, ()> {
+   |              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:55:49
+   |
+LL | fn test(map: HashMap<String, ()>, key: &str) -> HashMap<String, ()> {
+   |                                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:64:34
+   |
+LL |     let _: HashMap<String, ()> = HashMap::new();
+   |                                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:64:12
+   |
+LL |     let _: HashMap<String, ()> = HashMap::new();
+   |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: map with zero-sized value type
+  --> $DIR/zero_sized_hashmap_values.rs:67:12
+   |
+LL |     let _: HashMap<_, _> = std::iter::empty::<(String, ())>().collect();
+   |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = help: consider using a set instead
+
+error: aborting due to 13 previous errors
+