Auto merge of #12877 - y21:const_host_ice, r=dswij

Handle const effects inherited from parent correctly in `type_certainty`

This fixes a (debug) ICE in `type_certainty` that happened in the [k256 crate]. (I'm sure you can also specifically construct an edge test case that will run into type_certainty false positives visible outside of debug builds from this bug)

<details>
<summary>Minimal ICE repro</summary>

```rs
use std::ops::Add;
Add::add(1_i32, 1).add(i32::MIN);
```
</details>

The subtraction here overflowed:
436675b477/clippy_utils/src/ty/type_certainty/mod.rs (L209)

... when we have something like `Add::add` where `add` fn has 0 generic params but the `host_effect_index` is `Some(2)` (inherited from the parent generics, the const trait `Add`), and we end up executing `0 - 1`.

(Even if the own generics weren't empty and we didn't overflow, this would still be wrong because it would assume that a trait method with 1 generic parameter didn't have any generics).

So, *only* exclude the "host" generic parameter if it's actually bound by the own generics

changelog: none

[k256 crate]: https://github.com/RustCrypto/elliptic-curves/tree/master/k256

clippy_utils/src/ty/type_certainty/mod.rs

@@ -206,8 +206,18 @@ fn path_segment_certainty(
             // Checking `res_generics_def_id(..)` before calling `generics_of` avoids an ICE.
             if cx.tcx.res_generics_def_id(path_segment.res).is_some() {
                 let generics = cx.tcx.generics_of(def_id);
-                let count = generics.own_params.len() - usize::from(generics.host_effect_index.is_some());
-                let lhs = if (parent_certainty.is_certain() || generics.parent_count == 0) && count == 0 {
+
+                let own_count = generics.own_params.len()
+                    - usize::from(generics.host_effect_index.is_some_and(|index| {
+                        // Check that the host index actually belongs to this resolution.
+                        // E.g. for `Add::add`, host_effect_index is `Some(2)`, but it's part of the parent `Add`
+                        // trait's generics.
+                        // Add params:      [Self#0, Rhs#1, host#2]   parent_count=0, count=3
+                        // Add::add params: []                        parent_count=3, count=3
+                        // (3..3).contains(&host_effect_index) => false
+                        (generics.parent_count..generics.count()).contains(&index)
+                    }));
+                let lhs = if (parent_certainty.is_certain() || generics.parent_count == 0) && own_count == 0 {
                     Certainty::Certain(None)
                 } else {
                     Certainty::Uncertain

tests/ui/or_fun_call.fixed

@@ -311,4 +311,11 @@ mod lazy {
     }
 }
 
+fn host_effect() {
+    // #12877 - make sure we don't ICE in type_certainty
+    use std::ops::Add;
+
+    Add::<i32>::add(1, 1).add(i32::MIN);
+}
+
 fn main() {}

tests/ui/or_fun_call.rs

@@ -311,4 +311,11 @@ mod lazy {
     }
 }
 
+fn host_effect() {
+    // #12877 - make sure we don't ICE in type_certainty
+    use std::ops::Add;
+
+    Add::<i32>::add(1, 1).add(i32::MIN);
+}
+
 fn main() {}