rust-clippy/clippy_lints/src/copies.rs

// Copyright 2014-2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

use crate::utils::{get_parent_expr, in_macro, snippet, span_lint_and_then, span_note_and_lint};
use crate::utils::{SpanlessEq, SpanlessHash};
use rustc::hir::*;
use rustc::lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass, LintArray, LintPass};
use rustc::ty::Ty;
use rustc::{declare_tool_lint, lint_array};
use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
use smallvec::SmallVec;
use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
use std::hash::BuildHasherDefault;
use syntax::symbol::LocalInternedString;

/// **What it does:** Checks for consecutive `if`s with the same condition.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** This is probably a copy & paste error.
///
/// **Known problems:** Hopefully none.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// if a == b {
///     …
/// } else if a == b {
///     …
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Note that this lint ignores all conditions with a function call as it could
/// have side effects:
///
/// ```rust
/// if foo() {
///     …
/// } else if foo() { // not linted
///     …
/// }
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub IFS_SAME_COND,
    correctness,
    "consecutive `ifs` with the same condition"
}

/// **What it does:** Checks for `if/else` with the same body as the *then* part
/// and the *else* part.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** This is probably a copy & paste error.
///
/// **Known problems:** Hopefully none.
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust
/// let foo = if … {
///     42
/// } else {
///     42
/// };
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub IF_SAME_THEN_ELSE,
    correctness,
    "if with the same *then* and *else* blocks"
}

/// **What it does:** Checks for `match` with identical arm bodies.
///
/// **Why is this bad?** This is probably a copy & paste error. If arm bodies
/// are the same on purpose, you can factor them
/// [using `|`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/patterns.html#multiple-patterns).
///
/// **Known problems:** False positive possible with order dependent `match`
/// (see issue
/// [#860](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/860)).
///
/// **Example:**
/// ```rust,ignore
/// match foo {
///     Bar => bar(),
///     Quz => quz(),
///     Baz => bar(), // <= oops
/// }
/// ```
///
/// This should probably be
/// ```rust,ignore
/// match foo {
///     Bar => bar(),
///     Quz => quz(),
///     Baz => baz(), // <= fixed
/// }
/// ```
///
/// or if the original code was not a typo:
/// ```rust,ignore
/// match foo {
///     Bar | Baz => bar(), // <= shows the intent better
///     Quz => quz(),
/// }
/// ```
declare_clippy_lint! {
    pub MATCH_SAME_ARMS,
    pedantic,
    "`match` with identical arm bodies"
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
pub struct CopyAndPaste;

impl LintPass for CopyAndPaste {
    fn get_lints(&self) -> LintArray {
        lint_array![IFS_SAME_COND, IF_SAME_THEN_ELSE, MATCH_SAME_ARMS]
    }
}

impl<'a, 'tcx> LateLintPass<'a, 'tcx> for CopyAndPaste {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, expr: &'tcx Expr) {
        if !in_macro(expr.span) {
            // skip ifs directly in else, it will be checked in the parent if
            if let Some(&Expr {
                node: ExprKind::If(_, _, Some(ref else_expr)),
                ..
            }) = get_parent_expr(cx, expr)
            {
                if else_expr.id == expr.id {
                    return;
                }
            }

            let (conds, blocks) = if_sequence(expr);
            lint_same_then_else(cx, &blocks);
            lint_same_cond(cx, &conds);
            lint_match_arms(cx, expr);
        }
    }
}

/// Implementation of `IF_SAME_THEN_ELSE`.
fn lint_same_then_else(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, blocks: &[&Block]) {
    let eq: &dyn Fn(&&Block, &&Block) -> bool = &|&lhs, &rhs| -> bool { SpanlessEq::new(cx).eq_block(lhs, rhs) };

    if let Some((i, j)) = search_same_sequenced(blocks, eq) {
        span_note_and_lint(
            cx,
            IF_SAME_THEN_ELSE,
            j.span,
            "this `if` has identical blocks",
            i.span,
            "same as this",
        );
    }
}

/// Implementation of `IFS_SAME_COND`.
fn lint_same_cond(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, conds: &[&Expr]) {
    let hash: &dyn Fn(&&Expr) -> u64 = &|expr| -> u64 {
        let mut h = SpanlessHash::new(cx, cx.tables);
        h.hash_expr(expr);
        h.finish()
    };

    let eq: &dyn Fn(&&Expr, &&Expr) -> bool =
        &|&lhs, &rhs| -> bool { SpanlessEq::new(cx).ignore_fn().eq_expr(lhs, rhs) };

    if let Some((i, j)) = search_same(conds, hash, eq) {
        span_note_and_lint(
            cx,
            IFS_SAME_COND,
            j.span,
            "this `if` has the same condition as a previous if",
            i.span,
            "same as this",
        );
    }
}

/// Implementation of `MATCH_SAME_ARMS`.
fn lint_match_arms(cx: &LateContext<'_, '_>, expr: &Expr) {
    if let ExprKind::Match(_, ref arms, MatchSource::Normal) = expr.node {
        let hash = |&(_, arm): &(usize, &Arm)| -> u64 {
            let mut h = SpanlessHash::new(cx, cx.tables);
            h.hash_expr(&arm.body);
            h.finish()
        };

        let eq = |&(lindex, lhs): &(usize, &Arm), &(rindex, rhs): &(usize, &Arm)| -> bool {
            let min_index = usize::min(lindex, rindex);
            let max_index = usize::max(lindex, rindex);
            // Arms with a guard are ignored, those can’t always be merged together
            // This is also the case for arms in-between each there is an arm with a guard
            (min_index..=max_index).all(|index| arms[index].guard.is_none()) &&
                SpanlessEq::new(cx).eq_expr(&lhs.body, &rhs.body) &&
                // all patterns should have the same bindings
                bindings(cx, &lhs.pats[0]) == bindings(cx, &rhs.pats[0])
        };

        let indexed_arms: Vec<(usize, &Arm)> = arms.iter().enumerate().collect();
        if let Some((&(_, i), &(_, j))) = search_same(&indexed_arms, hash, eq) {
            span_lint_and_then(
                cx,
                MATCH_SAME_ARMS,
                j.body.span,
                "this `match` has identical arm bodies",
                |db| {
                    db.span_note(i.body.span, "same as this");

                    // Note: this does not use `span_suggestion_with_applicability` on purpose:
                    // there is no clean way
                    // to remove the other arm. Building a span and suggest to replace it to ""
                    // makes an even more confusing error message. Also in order not to make up a
                    // span for the whole pattern, the suggestion is only shown when there is only
                    // one pattern. The user should know about `|` if they are already using it…

                    if i.pats.len() == 1 && j.pats.len() == 1 {
                        let lhs = snippet(cx, i.pats[0].span, "<pat1>");
                        let rhs = snippet(cx, j.pats[0].span, "<pat2>");

                        if let PatKind::Wild = j.pats[0].node {
                            // if the last arm is _, then i could be integrated into _
                            // note that i.pats[0] cannot be _, because that would mean that we're
                            // hiding all the subsequent arms, and rust won't compile
                            db.span_note(
                                i.body.span,
                                &format!(
                                    "`{}` has the same arm body as the `_` wildcard, consider removing it`",
                                    lhs
                                ),
                            );
                        } else {
                            db.span_note(i.body.span, &format!("consider refactoring into `{} | {}`", lhs, rhs));
                        }
                    }
                },
            );
        }
    }
}

/// Return the list of condition expressions and the list of blocks in a
/// sequence of `if/else`.
/// Eg. would return `([a, b], [c, d, e])` for the expression
/// `if a { c } else if b { d } else { e }`.
fn if_sequence(mut expr: &Expr) -> (SmallVec<[&Expr; 1]>, SmallVec<[&Block; 1]>) {
    let mut conds = SmallVec::new();
    let mut blocks: SmallVec<[&Block; 1]> = SmallVec::new();

    while let ExprKind::If(ref cond, ref then_expr, ref else_expr) = expr.node {
        conds.push(&**cond);
        if let ExprKind::Block(ref block, _) = then_expr.node {
            blocks.push(block);
        } else {
            panic!("ExprKind::If node is not an ExprKind::Block");
        }

        if let Some(ref else_expr) = *else_expr {
            expr = else_expr;
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }

    // final `else {..}`
    if !blocks.is_empty() {
        if let ExprKind::Block(ref block, _) = expr.node {
            blocks.push(&**block);
        }
    }

    (conds, blocks)
}

/// Return the list of bindings in a pattern.
fn bindings<'a, 'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>, pat: &Pat) -> FxHashMap<LocalInternedString, Ty<'tcx>> {
    fn bindings_impl<'a, 'tcx>(
        cx: &LateContext<'a, 'tcx>,
        pat: &Pat,
        map: &mut FxHashMap<LocalInternedString, Ty<'tcx>>,
    ) {
        match pat.node {
            PatKind::Box(ref pat) | PatKind::Ref(ref pat, _) => bindings_impl(cx, pat, map),
            PatKind::TupleStruct(_, ref pats, _) => {
                for pat in pats {
                    bindings_impl(cx, pat, map);
                }
            },
            PatKind::Binding(_, _, ident, ref as_pat) => {
                if let Entry::Vacant(v) = map.entry(ident.as_str()) {
                    v.insert(cx.tables.pat_ty(pat));
                }
                if let Some(ref as_pat) = *as_pat {
                    bindings_impl(cx, as_pat, map);
                }
            },
            PatKind::Struct(_, ref fields, _) => {
                for pat in fields {
                    bindings_impl(cx, &pat.node.pat, map);
                }
            },
            PatKind::Tuple(ref fields, _) => {
                for pat in fields {
                    bindings_impl(cx, pat, map);
                }
            },
            PatKind::Slice(ref lhs, ref mid, ref rhs) => {
                for pat in lhs {
                    bindings_impl(cx, pat, map);
                }
                if let Some(ref mid) = *mid {
                    bindings_impl(cx, mid, map);
                }
                for pat in rhs {
                    bindings_impl(cx, pat, map);
                }
            },
            PatKind::Lit(..) | PatKind::Range(..) | PatKind::Wild | PatKind::Path(..) => (),
        }
    }

    let mut result = FxHashMap::default();
    bindings_impl(cx, pat, &mut result);
    result
}

fn search_same_sequenced<T, Eq>(exprs: &[T], eq: Eq) -> Option<(&T, &T)>
where
    Eq: Fn(&T, &T) -> bool,
{
    for win in exprs.windows(2) {
        if eq(&win[0], &win[1]) {
            return Some((&win[0], &win[1]));
        }
    }
    None
}

fn search_same<T, Hash, Eq>(exprs: &[T], hash: Hash, eq: Eq) -> Option<(&T, &T)>
where
    Hash: Fn(&T) -> u64,
    Eq: Fn(&T, &T) -> bool,
{
    // common cases
    if exprs.len() < 2 {
        return None;
    } else if exprs.len() == 2 {
        return if eq(&exprs[0], &exprs[1]) {
            Some((&exprs[0], &exprs[1]))
        } else {
            None
        };
    }

    let mut map: FxHashMap<_, Vec<&_>> =
        FxHashMap::with_capacity_and_hasher(exprs.len(), BuildHasherDefault::default());

    for expr in exprs {
        match map.entry(hash(expr)) {
            Entry::Occupied(mut o) => {
                for o in o.get() {
                    if eq(o, expr) {
                        return Some((o, expr));
                    }
                }
                o.get_mut().push(expr);
            },
            Entry::Vacant(v) => {
                v.insert(vec![expr]);
            },
        }
    }

    None
}