diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 5d084bcf1c..fab0edfe30 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2072,18 +2072,18 @@ checksum = "da260301476ad19a4733a0e930db8227a48ea04561e235a5102978145ec69fcc"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xshell"
-version = "0.1.17"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eaad2035244c56da05573d4d7fda5f903c60a5f35b9110e157a14a1df45a9f14"
+checksum = "3332cab90be2998a2aacb6494db45344bd16dfcc43ff36c42255018c6bcc96be"
 dependencies = [
  "xshell-macros",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xshell-macros"
-version = "0.1.17"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4916a4a3cad759e499a3620523bf9545cc162d7a06163727dde97ce9aaa4cf39"
+checksum = "f47e54cffa76000b7641328ab3bb1e146f93a1690ab86c5909c656f49d91019c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "xtask"
diff --git a/crates/ide_db/Cargo.toml b/crates/ide_db/Cargo.toml
index e00803708b..c71a213c40 100644
--- a/crates/ide_db/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/ide_db/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ limit = { path = "../limit", version = "0.0.0" }
 [dev-dependencies]
 test_utils = { path = "../test_utils" }
 sourcegen = { path = "../sourcegen" }
-xshell = "0.1"
+xshell = "0.2.0"
 expect-test = "1.2.0-pre.1"
diff --git a/crates/ide_db/src/tests/sourcegen_lints.rs b/crates/ide_db/src/tests/sourcegen_lints.rs
index 61c05c7ffd..b7db1dd8db 100644
--- a/crates/ide_db/src/tests/sourcegen_lints.rs
+++ b/crates/ide_db/src/tests/sourcegen_lints.rs
@@ -4,16 +4,20 @@ use std::{borrow::Cow, fs, path::Path};
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use stdx::format_to;
 use test_utils::project_root;
-use xshell::cmd;
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 /// This clones rustc repo, and so is not worth to keep up-to-date. We update
 /// manually by un-ignoring the test from time to time.
 #[test]
 #[ignore]
 fn sourcegen_lint_completions() {
+    let sh = &Shell::new().unwrap();
+
     let rust_repo = project_root().join("./target/rust");
     if !rust_repo.exists() {
-        cmd!("git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/rust-lang/rust {rust_repo}").run().unwrap();
+        cmd!(sh, "git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/rust-lang/rust {rust_repo}")
+            .run()
+            .unwrap();
     }
 
     let mut contents = String::from(
@@ -30,16 +34,19 @@ pub struct LintGroup {
 ",
     );
 
-    generate_lint_descriptor(&mut contents);
+    generate_lint_descriptor(sh, &mut contents);
     contents.push('\n');
 
     generate_feature_descriptor(&mut contents, &rust_repo.join("src/doc/unstable-book/src"));
     contents.push('\n');
 
     let lints_json = project_root().join("./target/clippy_lints.json");
-    cmd!("curl https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/lints.json --output {lints_json}")
-        .run()
-        .unwrap();
+    cmd!(
+        sh,
+        "curl https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/lints.json --output {lints_json}"
+    )
+    .run()
+    .unwrap();
     generate_descriptor_clippy(&mut contents, &lints_json);
 
     let contents = sourcegen::add_preamble("sourcegen_lints", sourcegen::reformat(contents));
@@ -48,10 +55,10 @@ pub struct LintGroup {
     sourcegen::ensure_file_contents(destination.as_path(), &contents);
 }
 
-fn generate_lint_descriptor(buf: &mut String) {
+fn generate_lint_descriptor(sh: &Shell, buf: &mut String) {
     // FIXME: rustdoc currently requires an input file for -Whelp cc https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/88831
     let file = project_root().join(file!());
-    let stdout = cmd!("rustdoc -W help {file}").read().unwrap();
+    let stdout = cmd!(sh, "rustdoc -W help {file}").read().unwrap();
     let start_lints = stdout.find("----  -------  -------").unwrap();
     let start_lint_groups = stdout.find("----  ---------").unwrap();
     let start_lints_rustdoc =
diff --git a/crates/rust-analyzer/Cargo.toml b/crates/rust-analyzer/Cargo.toml
index 87b6cd7186..68d728b41f 100644
--- a/crates/rust-analyzer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/rust-analyzer/Cargo.toml
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jemallocator = { version = "0.4.1", package = "tikv-jemallocator", optional = tr
 [dev-dependencies]
 expect-test = "1.2.0-pre.1"
 jod-thread = "0.1.0"
-xshell = "0.1"
+xshell = "0.2.0"
 
 test_utils = { path = "../test_utils" }
 sourcegen = { path = "../sourcegen" }
diff --git a/crates/rust-analyzer/tests/slow-tests/tidy.rs b/crates/rust-analyzer/tests/slow-tests/tidy.rs
index 2b51e7fecb..9e53aa847d 100644
--- a/crates/rust-analyzer/tests/slow-tests/tidy.rs
+++ b/crates/rust-analyzer/tests/slow-tests/tidy.rs
@@ -3,14 +3,15 @@ use std::{
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
 
-use xshell::{cmd, pushd, pushenv, read_file};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 #[test]
 fn check_code_formatting() {
-    let _dir = pushd(sourcegen::project_root()).unwrap();
-    let _e = pushenv("RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN", "stable");
+    let sh = &Shell::new().unwrap();
+    sh.change_dir(sourcegen::project_root());
+    sh.set_var("RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN", "stable");
 
-    let out = cmd!("rustfmt --version").read().unwrap();
+    let out = cmd!(sh, "rustfmt --version").read().unwrap();
     if !out.contains("stable") {
         panic!(
             "Failed to run rustfmt from toolchain 'stable'. \
@@ -18,25 +19,27 @@ fn check_code_formatting() {
         )
     }
 
-    let res = cmd!("cargo fmt -- --check").run();
+    let res = cmd!(sh, "cargo fmt -- --check").run();
     if res.is_err() {
-        let _ = cmd!("cargo fmt").run();
+        let _ = cmd!(sh, "cargo fmt").run();
     }
     res.unwrap()
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn check_lsp_extensions_docs() {
+    let sh = &Shell::new().unwrap();
+
     let expected_hash = {
-        let lsp_ext_rs =
-            read_file(sourcegen::project_root().join("crates/rust-analyzer/src/lsp_ext.rs"))
-                .unwrap();
+        let lsp_ext_rs = sh
+            .read_file(sourcegen::project_root().join("crates/rust-analyzer/src/lsp_ext.rs"))
+            .unwrap();
         stable_hash(lsp_ext_rs.as_str())
     };
 
     let actual_hash = {
         let lsp_extensions_md =
-            read_file(sourcegen::project_root().join("docs/dev/lsp-extensions.md")).unwrap();
+            sh.read_file(sourcegen::project_root().join("docs/dev/lsp-extensions.md")).unwrap();
         let text = lsp_extensions_md
             .lines()
             .find_map(|line| line.strip_prefix("lsp_ext.rs hash:"))
@@ -62,6 +65,8 @@ Please adjust docs/dev/lsp-extensions.md.
 
 #[test]
 fn files_are_tidy() {
+    let sh = &Shell::new().unwrap();
+
     let files = sourcegen::list_files(&sourcegen::project_root().join("crates"));
 
     let mut tidy_docs = TidyDocs::default();
@@ -70,7 +75,7 @@ fn files_are_tidy() {
         let extension = path.extension().unwrap_or_default().to_str().unwrap_or_default();
         match extension {
             "rs" => {
-                let text = read_file(&path).unwrap();
+                let text = sh.read_file(&path).unwrap();
                 check_todo(&path, &text);
                 check_dbg(&path, &text);
                 check_test_attrs(&path, &text);
@@ -80,7 +85,7 @@ fn files_are_tidy() {
                 tidy_marks.visit(&path, &text);
             }
             "toml" => {
-                let text = read_file(&path).unwrap();
+                let text = sh.read_file(&path).unwrap();
                 check_cargo_toml(&path, text);
             }
             _ => (),
@@ -139,8 +144,10 @@ fn check_cargo_toml(path: &Path, text: String) {
 
 #[test]
 fn check_merge_commits() {
-    let bors = cmd!("git rev-list --merges --author 'bors\\[bot\\]' HEAD~19..").read().unwrap();
-    let all = cmd!("git rev-list --merges HEAD~19..").read().unwrap();
+    let sh = &Shell::new().unwrap();
+
+    let bors = cmd!(sh, "git rev-list --merges --author 'bors\\[bot\\]' HEAD~19..").read().unwrap();
+    let all = cmd!(sh, "git rev-list --merges HEAD~19..").read().unwrap();
     if bors != all {
         panic!(
             "
@@ -213,6 +220,8 @@ See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/5537 for discussion.
 
 #[test]
 fn check_licenses() {
+    let sh = &Shell::new().unwrap();
+
     let expected = "
 0BSD OR MIT OR Apache-2.0
 Apache-2.0
@@ -235,7 +244,7 @@ Zlib OR Apache-2.0 OR MIT
     .filter(|it| !it.is_empty())
     .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-    let meta = cmd!("cargo metadata --format-version 1").read().unwrap();
+    let meta = cmd!(sh, "cargo metadata --format-version 1").read().unwrap();
     let mut licenses = meta
         .split(|c| c == ',' || c == '{' || c == '}')
         .filter(|it| it.contains(r#""license""#))
diff --git a/crates/sourcegen/Cargo.toml b/crates/sourcegen/Cargo.toml
index 9cfe181c2e..10587d913d 100644
--- a/crates/sourcegen/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/sourcegen/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ rust-version = "1.57"
 doctest = false
 
 [dependencies]
-xshell = "0.1"
+xshell = "0.2.0"
diff --git a/crates/sourcegen/src/lib.rs b/crates/sourcegen/src/lib.rs
index 398e846a14..719b35b630 100644
--- a/crates/sourcegen/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/sourcegen/src/lib.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use std::{
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
 
-use xshell::{cmd, pushenv};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 pub fn list_rust_files(dir: &Path) -> Vec<PathBuf> {
     let mut res = list_files(dir);
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for Location {
     }
 }
 
-fn ensure_rustfmt() {
-    let version = cmd!("rustfmt --version").read().unwrap_or_default();
+fn ensure_rustfmt(sh: &Shell) {
+    let version = cmd!(sh, "rustfmt --version").read().unwrap_or_default();
     if !version.contains("stable") {
         panic!(
             "Failed to run rustfmt from toolchain 'stable'. \
@@ -144,10 +144,11 @@ fn ensure_rustfmt() {
 }
 
 pub fn reformat(text: String) -> String {
-    let _e = pushenv("RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN", "stable");
-    ensure_rustfmt();
+    let sh = Shell::new().unwrap();
+    sh.set_var("RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN", "stable");
+    ensure_rustfmt(&sh);
     let rustfmt_toml = project_root().join("rustfmt.toml");
-    let mut stdout = cmd!("rustfmt --config-path {rustfmt_toml} --config fn_single_line=true")
+    let mut stdout = cmd!(sh, "rustfmt --config-path {rustfmt_toml} --config fn_single_line=true")
         .stdin(text)
         .read()
         .unwrap();
diff --git a/xtask/Cargo.toml b/xtask/Cargo.toml
index 0acbaf8176..d9adf88c02 100644
--- a/xtask/Cargo.toml
+++ b/xtask/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ rust-version = "1.57"
 anyhow = "1.0.26"
 flate2 = "1.0"
 write-json = "0.1.0"
-xshell = "0.1"
+xshell = "0.2.0"
 xflags = "0.2.1"
 # Avoid adding more dependencies to this crate
diff --git a/xtask/src/dist.rs b/xtask/src/dist.rs
index 985829880c..3c58fbb76d 100644
--- a/xtask/src/dist.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/dist.rs
@@ -5,25 +5,23 @@ use std::{
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
 
-use anyhow::Result;
 use flate2::{write::GzEncoder, Compression};
-use xshell::{cmd, cp, mkdir_p, pushd, pushenv, read_file, rm_rf, write_file};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 use crate::{date_iso, flags, project_root};
 
 impl flags::Dist {
-    pub(crate) fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
-        let stable =
-            std::env::var("GITHUB_REF").unwrap_or_default().as_str() == "refs/heads/release";
+    pub(crate) fn run(self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let stable = sh.var("GITHUB_REF").unwrap_or_default().as_str() == "refs/heads/release";
 
         let project_root = project_root();
         let target = Target::get(&project_root);
         let dist = project_root.join("dist");
-        rm_rf(&dist)?;
-        mkdir_p(&dist)?;
+        sh.remove_path(&dist)?;
+        sh.create_dir(&dist)?;
 
         let release_channel = if stable { "stable" } else { "nightly" };
-        dist_server(release_channel, &target)?;
+        dist_server(sh, release_channel, &target)?;
 
         if let Some(patch_version) = self.client_patch_version {
             let version = if stable {
@@ -32,50 +30,55 @@ impl flags::Dist {
                 // A hack to make VS Code prefer nightly over stable.
                 format!("0.3.{}", patch_version)
             };
-            let release_tag = if stable { date_iso()? } else { "nightly".to_string() };
-            dist_client(&version, &release_tag, &target)?;
+            let release_tag = if stable { date_iso(sh)? } else { "nightly".to_string() };
+            dist_client(sh, &version, &release_tag, &target)?;
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
-fn dist_client(version: &str, release_tag: &str, target: &Target) -> Result<()> {
+fn dist_client(
+    sh: &Shell,
+    version: &str,
+    release_tag: &str,
+    target: &Target,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let bundle_path = Path::new("editors").join("code").join("server");
-    mkdir_p(&bundle_path)?;
-    cp(&target.server_path, &bundle_path)?;
+    sh.create_dir(&bundle_path)?;
+    sh.copy_file(&target.server_path, &bundle_path)?;
     if let Some(symbols_path) = &target.symbols_path {
-        cp(symbols_path, &bundle_path)?;
+        sh.copy_file(symbols_path, &bundle_path)?;
     }
 
-    let _d = pushd("./editors/code")?;
+    let _d = sh.push_dir("./editors/code");
 
-    let mut patch = Patch::new("./package.json")?;
+    let mut patch = Patch::new(sh, "./package.json")?;
     patch
         .replace(r#""version": "0.4.0-dev""#, &format!(r#""version": "{}""#, version))
         .replace(r#""releaseTag": null"#, &format!(r#""releaseTag": "{}""#, release_tag))
         .replace(r#""$generated-start": {},"#, "")
         .replace(",\n                \"$generated-end\": {}", "")
         .replace(r#""enabledApiProposals": [],"#, r#""#);
-    patch.commit()?;
+    patch.commit(sh)?;
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn dist_server(release_channel: &str, target: &Target) -> Result<()> {
-    let _e = pushenv("RUST_ANALYZER_CHANNEL", release_channel);
-    let _e = pushenv("CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO", "thin");
+fn dist_server(sh: &Shell, release_channel: &str, target: &Target) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let _e = sh.push_env("RUST_ANALYZER_CHANNEL", release_channel);
+    let _e = sh.push_env("CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_LTO", "thin");
 
     // Uncomment to enable debug info for releases. Note that:
     //   * debug info is split on windows and macs, so it does nothing for those platforms,
     //   * on Linux, this blows up the binary size from 8MB to 43MB, which is unreasonable.
-    // let _e = pushenv("CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_DEBUG", "1");
+    // let _e = sh.push_env("CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_DEBUG", "1");
 
     if target.name.contains("-linux-") {
         env::set_var("CC", "clang");
     }
 
     let target_name = &target.name;
-    cmd!("cargo build --manifest-path ./crates/rust-analyzer/Cargo.toml --bin rust-analyzer --target {target_name} --release").run()?;
+    cmd!(sh, "cargo build --manifest-path ./crates/rust-analyzer/Cargo.toml --bin rust-analyzer --target {target_name} --release").run()?;
 
     let dst = Path::new("dist").join(&target.artifact_name);
     gzip(&target.server_path, &dst.with_extension("gz"))?;
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ fn dist_server(release_channel: &str, target: &Target) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn gzip(src_path: &Path, dest_path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+fn gzip(src_path: &Path, dest_path: &Path) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let mut encoder = GzEncoder::new(File::create(dest_path)?, Compression::best());
     let mut input = io::BufReader::new(File::open(src_path)?);
     io::copy(&mut input, &mut encoder)?;
@@ -133,9 +136,9 @@ struct Patch {
 }
 
 impl Patch {
-    fn new(path: impl Into<PathBuf>) -> Result<Patch> {
+    fn new(sh: &Shell, path: impl Into<PathBuf>) -> anyhow::Result<Patch> {
         let path = path.into();
-        let contents = read_file(&path)?;
+        let contents = sh.read_file(&path)?;
         Ok(Patch { path, original_contents: contents.clone(), contents })
     }
 
@@ -145,8 +148,8 @@ impl Patch {
         self
     }
 
-    fn commit(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        write_file(&self.path, &self.contents)?;
+    fn commit(&self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        sh.write_file(&self.path, &self.contents)?;
         Ok(())
     }
 }
diff --git a/xtask/src/install.rs b/xtask/src/install.rs
index 58f386be85..ae978d5512 100644
--- a/xtask/src/install.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/install.rs
@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@
 use std::{env, path::PathBuf, str};
 
 use anyhow::{bail, format_err, Context, Result};
-use xshell::{cmd, pushd};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 use crate::flags;
 
 impl flags::Install {
-    pub(crate) fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub(crate) fn run(self, sh: &Shell) -> Result<()> {
         if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
-            fix_path_for_mac().context("Fix path for mac")?;
+            fix_path_for_mac(sh).context("Fix path for mac")?;
         }
         if let Some(server) = self.server() {
-            install_server(server).context("install server")?;
+            install_server(sh, server).context("install server")?;
         }
         if let Some(client) = self.client() {
-            install_client(client).context("install client")?;
+            install_client(sh, client).context("install client")?;
         }
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -39,15 +39,14 @@ pub(crate) enum Malloc {
     Jemalloc,
 }
 
-fn fix_path_for_mac() -> Result<()> {
+fn fix_path_for_mac(sh: &Shell) -> Result<()> {
     let mut vscode_path: Vec<PathBuf> = {
         const COMMON_APP_PATH: &str =
             r"/Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin";
         const ROOT_DIR: &str = "";
-        let home_dir = match env::var("HOME") {
-            Ok(home) => home,
-            Err(e) => bail!("Failed getting HOME from environment with error: {}.", e),
-        };
+        let home_dir = sh.var("HOME").map_err(|err| {
+            format_err!("Failed getting HOME from environment with error: {}.", err)
+        })?;
 
         [ROOT_DIR, &home_dir]
             .into_iter()
@@ -58,36 +57,33 @@ fn fix_path_for_mac() -> Result<()> {
     };
 
     if !vscode_path.is_empty() {
-        let vars = match env::var_os("PATH") {
-            Some(path) => path,
-            None => bail!("Could not get PATH variable from env."),
-        };
+        let vars = sh.var_os("PATH").context("Could not get PATH variable from env.")?;
 
         let mut paths = env::split_paths(&vars).collect::<Vec<_>>();
         paths.append(&mut vscode_path);
         let new_paths = env::join_paths(paths).context("build env PATH")?;
-        env::set_var("PATH", &new_paths);
+        sh.set_var("PATH", &new_paths);
     }
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn install_client(client_opt: ClientOpt) -> Result<()> {
-    let _dir = pushd("./editors/code");
+fn install_client(sh: &Shell, client_opt: ClientOpt) -> Result<()> {
+    let _dir = sh.push_dir("./editors/code");
 
     // Package extension.
     if cfg!(unix) {
-        cmd!("npm --version").run().context("`npm` is required to build the VS Code plugin")?;
-        cmd!("npm ci").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "npm --version").run().context("`npm` is required to build the VS Code plugin")?;
+        cmd!(sh, "npm ci").run()?;
 
-        cmd!("npm run package --scripts-prepend-node-path").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "npm run package --scripts-prepend-node-path").run()?;
     } else {
-        cmd!("cmd.exe /c npm --version")
+        cmd!(sh, "cmd.exe /c npm --version")
             .run()
             .context("`npm` is required to build the VS Code plugin")?;
-        cmd!("cmd.exe /c npm ci").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "cmd.exe /c npm ci").run()?;
 
-        cmd!("cmd.exe /c npm run package").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "cmd.exe /c npm run package").run()?;
     };
 
     // Find the appropriate VS Code binary.
@@ -104,9 +100,9 @@ fn install_client(client_opt: ClientOpt) -> Result<()> {
         .copied()
         .find(|&bin| {
             if cfg!(unix) {
-                cmd!("{bin} --version").read().is_ok()
+                cmd!(sh, "{bin} --version").read().is_ok()
             } else {
-                cmd!("cmd.exe /c {bin}.cmd --version").read().is_ok()
+                cmd!(sh, "cmd.exe /c {bin}.cmd --version").read().is_ok()
             }
         })
         .ok_or_else(|| {
@@ -115,11 +111,11 @@ fn install_client(client_opt: ClientOpt) -> Result<()> {
 
     // Install & verify.
     let installed_extensions = if cfg!(unix) {
-        cmd!("{code} --install-extension rust-analyzer.vsix --force").run()?;
-        cmd!("{code} --list-extensions").read()?
+        cmd!(sh, "{code} --install-extension rust-analyzer.vsix --force").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "{code} --list-extensions").read()?
     } else {
-        cmd!("cmd.exe /c {code}.cmd --install-extension rust-analyzer.vsix --force").run()?;
-        cmd!("cmd.exe /c {code}.cmd --list-extensions").read()?
+        cmd!(sh, "cmd.exe /c {code}.cmd --install-extension rust-analyzer.vsix --force").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "cmd.exe /c {code}.cmd --list-extensions").read()?
     };
 
     if !installed_extensions.contains("rust-analyzer") {
@@ -133,14 +129,14 @@ fn install_client(client_opt: ClientOpt) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn install_server(opts: ServerOpt) -> Result<()> {
+fn install_server(sh: &Shell, opts: ServerOpt) -> Result<()> {
     let features = match opts.malloc {
         Malloc::System => &[][..],
         Malloc::Mimalloc => &["--features", "mimalloc"],
         Malloc::Jemalloc => &["--features", "jemalloc"],
     };
 
-    let cmd = cmd!("cargo install --path crates/rust-analyzer --locked --force --features force-always-assert {features...}");
+    let cmd = cmd!(sh, "cargo install --path crates/rust-analyzer --locked --force --features force-always-assert {features...}");
     cmd.run()?;
     Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/xtask/src/main.rs b/xtask/src/main.rs
index 5e5401ce28..df726dc23c 100644
--- a/xtask/src/main.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/main.rs
@@ -14,15 +14,16 @@ mod release;
 mod dist;
 mod metrics;
 
-use anyhow::{bail, Result};
+use anyhow::bail;
 use std::{
     env,
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
-use xshell::{cmd, cp, pushd, pushenv};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
-fn main() -> Result<()> {
-    let _d = pushd(project_root())?;
+fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let sh = &Shell::new()?;
+    sh.change_dir(project_root());
 
     let flags = flags::Xtask::from_env()?;
     match flags.subcommand {
@@ -30,18 +31,21 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
             println!("{}", flags::Xtask::HELP);
             Ok(())
         }
-        flags::XtaskCmd::Install(cmd) => cmd.run(),
-        flags::XtaskCmd::FuzzTests(_) => run_fuzzer(),
-        flags::XtaskCmd::Release(cmd) => cmd.run(),
-        flags::XtaskCmd::Promote(cmd) => cmd.run(),
-        flags::XtaskCmd::Dist(cmd) => cmd.run(),
-        flags::XtaskCmd::Metrics(cmd) => cmd.run(),
+        flags::XtaskCmd::Install(cmd) => cmd.run(sh),
+        flags::XtaskCmd::FuzzTests(_) => run_fuzzer(sh),
+        flags::XtaskCmd::Release(cmd) => cmd.run(sh),
+        flags::XtaskCmd::Promote(cmd) => cmd.run(sh),
+        flags::XtaskCmd::Dist(cmd) => cmd.run(sh),
+        flags::XtaskCmd::Metrics(cmd) => cmd.run(sh),
         flags::XtaskCmd::Bb(cmd) => {
             {
-                let _d = pushd("./crates/rust-analyzer")?;
-                cmd!("cargo build --release --features jemalloc").run()?;
+                let _d = sh.push_dir("./crates/rust-analyzer");
+                cmd!(sh, "cargo build --release --features jemalloc").run()?;
             }
-            cp("./target/release/rust-analyzer", format!("./target/rust-analyzer-{}", cmd.suffix))?;
+            sh.copy_file(
+                "./target/release/rust-analyzer",
+                format!("./target/rust-analyzer-{}", cmd.suffix),
+            )?;
             Ok(())
         }
     }
@@ -57,25 +61,25 @@ fn project_root() -> PathBuf {
     .to_path_buf()
 }
 
-fn run_fuzzer() -> Result<()> {
-    let _d = pushd("./crates/syntax")?;
-    let _e = pushenv("RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN", "nightly");
-    if cmd!("cargo fuzz --help").read().is_err() {
-        cmd!("cargo install cargo-fuzz").run()?;
+fn run_fuzzer(sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let _d = sh.push_dir("./crates/syntax");
+    let _e = sh.push_env("RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN", "nightly");
+    if cmd!(sh, "cargo fuzz --help").read().is_err() {
+        cmd!(sh, "cargo install cargo-fuzz").run()?;
     };
 
     // Expecting nightly rustc
-    let out = cmd!("rustc --version").read()?;
+    let out = cmd!(sh, "rustc --version").read()?;
     if !out.contains("nightly") {
         bail!("fuzz tests require nightly rustc")
     }
 
-    cmd!("cargo fuzz run parser").run()?;
+    cmd!(sh, "cargo fuzz run parser").run()?;
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn date_iso() -> Result<String> {
-    let res = cmd!("date -u +%Y-%m-%d").read()?;
+fn date_iso(sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+    let res = cmd!(sh, "date -u +%Y-%m-%d").read()?;
     Ok(res)
 }
 
diff --git a/xtask/src/metrics.rs b/xtask/src/metrics.rs
index e4d3e981af..b683b32e6d 100644
--- a/xtask/src/metrics.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/metrics.rs
@@ -1,95 +1,103 @@
 use std::{
     collections::BTreeMap,
-    env,
+    env, fs,
     io::Write as _,
     path::Path,
     time::{Instant, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH},
 };
 
-use anyhow::{bail, format_err, Result};
-use xshell::{cmd, mkdir_p, pushd, pushenv, read_file, rm_rf};
+use anyhow::{bail, format_err};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 use crate::flags;
 
 type Unit = String;
 
 impl flags::Metrics {
-    pub(crate) fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
-        let mut metrics = Metrics::new()?;
+    pub(crate) fn run(self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let mut metrics = Metrics::new(sh)?;
         if !self.dry_run {
-            rm_rf("./target/release")?;
+            sh.remove_path("./target/release")?;
         }
         if !Path::new("./target/rustc-perf").exists() {
-            mkdir_p("./target/rustc-perf")?;
-            cmd!("git clone https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc-perf.git ./target/rustc-perf")
+            sh.create_dir("./target/rustc-perf")?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git clone https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc-perf.git ./target/rustc-perf")
                 .run()?;
         }
         {
-            let _d = pushd("./target/rustc-perf")?;
+            let _d = sh.push_dir("./target/rustc-perf");
             let revision = &metrics.perf_revision;
-            cmd!("git reset --hard {revision}").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git reset --hard {revision}").run()?;
         }
 
-        let _env = pushenv("RA_METRICS", "1");
+        let _env = sh.push_env("RA_METRICS", "1");
 
         {
             // https://github.com/rust-analyzer/rust-analyzer/issues/9997
-            let _d = pushd("target/rustc-perf/collector/benchmarks/webrender")?;
-            cmd!("cargo update -p url --precise 1.6.1").run()?;
+            let _d = sh.push_dir("target/rustc-perf/collector/benchmarks/webrender");
+            cmd!(sh, "cargo update -p url --precise 1.6.1").run()?;
         }
-        metrics.measure_build()?;
-        metrics.measure_analysis_stats_self()?;
-        metrics.measure_analysis_stats("ripgrep")?;
-        metrics.measure_analysis_stats("webrender")?;
-        metrics.measure_analysis_stats("diesel/diesel")?;
+        metrics.measure_build(sh)?;
+        metrics.measure_analysis_stats_self(sh)?;
+        metrics.measure_analysis_stats(sh, "ripgrep")?;
+        metrics.measure_analysis_stats(sh, "webrender")?;
+        metrics.measure_analysis_stats(sh, "diesel/diesel")?;
 
         if !self.dry_run {
-            let _d = pushd("target")?;
+            let _d = sh.push_dir("target");
             let metrics_token = env::var("METRICS_TOKEN").unwrap();
             cmd!(
+                sh,
                 "git clone --depth 1 https://{metrics_token}@github.com/rust-analyzer/metrics.git"
             )
             .run()?;
-            let _d = pushd("metrics")?;
+            let _d = sh.push_dir("metrics");
 
-            let mut file = std::fs::OpenOptions::new().append(true).open("metrics.json")?;
+            let mut file = fs::File::options().append(true).open("metrics.json")?;
             writeln!(file, "{}", metrics.json())?;
-            cmd!("git add .").run()?;
-            cmd!("git -c user.name=Bot -c user.email=dummy@example.com commit --message 📈")
+            cmd!(sh, "git add .").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git -c user.name=Bot -c user.email=dummy@example.com commit --message 📈")
                 .run()?;
-            cmd!("git push origin master").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git push origin master").run()?;
         }
-        eprintln!("{:#?}", metrics);
+        eprintln!("{metrics:#?}");
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
 impl Metrics {
-    fn measure_build(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+    fn measure_build(&mut self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         eprintln!("\nMeasuring build");
-        cmd!("cargo fetch").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "cargo fetch").run()?;
 
         let time = Instant::now();
-        cmd!("cargo build --release --package rust-analyzer --bin rust-analyzer").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "cargo build --release --package rust-analyzer --bin rust-analyzer").run()?;
         let time = time.elapsed();
         self.report("build", time.as_millis() as u64, "ms".into());
         Ok(())
     }
-    fn measure_analysis_stats_self(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.measure_analysis_stats_path("self", ".")
+    fn measure_analysis_stats_self(&mut self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        self.measure_analysis_stats_path(sh, "self", ".")
     }
-    fn measure_analysis_stats(&mut self, bench: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    fn measure_analysis_stats(&mut self, sh: &Shell, bench: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         self.measure_analysis_stats_path(
+            sh,
             bench,
             &format!("./target/rustc-perf/collector/benchmarks/{}", bench),
         )
     }
-    fn measure_analysis_stats_path(&mut self, name: &str, path: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        eprintln!("\nMeasuring analysis-stats/{}", name);
-        let output = cmd!("./target/release/rust-analyzer -q analysis-stats --memory-usage {path}")
-            .read()?;
+    fn measure_analysis_stats_path(
+        &mut self,
+        sh: &Shell,
+        name: &str,
+        path: &str,
+    ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        eprintln!("\nMeasuring analysis-stats/{name}");
+        let output =
+            cmd!(sh, "./target/release/rust-analyzer -q analysis-stats --memory-usage {path}")
+                .read()?;
         for (metric, value, unit) in parse_metrics(&output) {
-            self.report(&format!("analysis-stats/{}/{}", name, metric), value, unit.into());
+            self.report(&format!("analysis-stats/{name}/{metric}"), value, unit.into());
         }
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -125,10 +133,10 @@ struct Host {
 }
 
 impl Metrics {
-    fn new() -> Result<Metrics> {
-        let host = Host::new()?;
+    fn new(sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<Metrics> {
+        let host = Host::new(sh)?;
         let timestamp = SystemTime::now();
-        let revision = cmd!("git rev-parse HEAD").read()?;
+        let revision = cmd!(sh, "git rev-parse HEAD").read()?;
         let perf_revision = "c52ee623e231e7690a93be88d943016968c1036b".into();
         Ok(Metrics { host, timestamp, revision, perf_revision, metrics: BTreeMap::new() })
     }
@@ -157,28 +165,29 @@ impl Metrics {
 }
 
 impl Host {
-    fn new() -> Result<Host> {
+    fn new(sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<Host> {
         if cfg!(not(target_os = "linux")) {
             bail!("can only collect metrics on Linux ");
         }
 
-        let os = read_field("/etc/os-release", "PRETTY_NAME=")?.trim_matches('"').to_string();
+        let os = read_field(sh, "/etc/os-release", "PRETTY_NAME=")?.trim_matches('"').to_string();
 
-        let cpu =
-            read_field("/proc/cpuinfo", "model name")?.trim_start_matches(':').trim().to_string();
+        let cpu = read_field(sh, "/proc/cpuinfo", "model name")?
+            .trim_start_matches(':')
+            .trim()
+            .to_string();
 
-        let mem = read_field("/proc/meminfo", "MemTotal:")?;
+        let mem = read_field(sh, "/proc/meminfo", "MemTotal:")?;
 
         return Ok(Host { os, cpu, mem });
 
-        fn read_field(path: &str, field: &str) -> Result<String> {
-            let text = read_file(path)?;
+        fn read_field(sh: &Shell, path: &str, field: &str) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+            let text = sh.read_file(path)?;
 
-            let line = text
-                .lines()
-                .find(|it| it.starts_with(field))
-                .ok_or_else(|| format_err!("can't parse {}", path))?;
-            Ok(line[field.len()..].trim().to_string())
+            text.lines()
+                .find_map(|it| it.strip_prefix(field))
+                .map(|it| it.trim().to_string())
+                .ok_or_else(|| format_err!("can't parse {}", path))
         }
     }
     fn to_json(&self, mut obj: write_json::Object<'_>) {
diff --git a/xtask/src/release.rs b/xtask/src/release.rs
index acb13282f6..9bd5d9d310 100644
--- a/xtask/src/release.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/release.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 mod changelog;
 
-use xshell::{cmd, pushd, read_dir, read_file, write_file};
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
-use crate::{date_iso, flags, is_release_tag, project_root, Result};
+use crate::{date_iso, flags, is_release_tag, project_root};
 
 impl flags::Release {
-    pub(crate) fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub(crate) fn run(self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         if !self.dry_run {
-            cmd!("git switch release").run()?;
-            cmd!("git fetch upstream --tags --force").run()?;
-            cmd!("git reset --hard tags/nightly").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git switch release").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git fetch upstream --tags --force").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git reset --hard tags/nightly").run()?;
             // The `release` branch sometimes has a couple of cherry-picked
             // commits for patch releases. If that's the case, just overwrite
             // it. As we are setting `release` branch to an up-to-date `nightly`
@@ -19,24 +19,24 @@ impl flags::Release {
             // commits -- they'll be kept alive by the tag. More generally, we
             // don't care about historic releases all that much, it's fine even
             // to delete old tags.
-            cmd!("git push --force").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git push --force").run()?;
         }
 
         // Generates bits of manual.adoc.
-        cmd!("cargo test -p ide_assists -p ide_diagnostics -p rust-analyzer -- sourcegen_")
+        cmd!(sh, "cargo test -p ide_assists -p ide_diagnostics -p rust-analyzer -- sourcegen_")
             .run()?;
 
         let website_root = project_root().join("../rust-analyzer.github.io");
         {
-            let _dir = pushd(&website_root)?;
-            cmd!("git switch src").run()?;
-            cmd!("git pull").run()?;
+            let _dir = sh.push_dir(&website_root);
+            cmd!(sh, "git switch src").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git pull").run()?;
         }
         let changelog_dir = website_root.join("./thisweek/_posts");
 
-        let today = date_iso()?;
-        let commit = cmd!("git rev-parse HEAD").read()?;
-        let changelog_n = read_dir(changelog_dir.as_path())?.len();
+        let today = date_iso(sh)?;
+        let commit = cmd!(sh, "git rev-parse HEAD").read()?;
+        let changelog_n = sh.read_dir(changelog_dir.as_path())?.len();
 
         for adoc in [
             "manual.adoc",
@@ -48,42 +48,46 @@ impl flags::Release {
             let src = project_root().join("./docs/user/").join(adoc);
             let dst = website_root.join(adoc);
 
-            let contents = read_file(src)?;
-            write_file(dst, contents)?;
+            let contents = sh.read_file(src)?;
+            sh.write_file(dst, contents)?;
         }
 
-        let tags = cmd!("git tag --list").read()?;
+        let tags = cmd!(sh, "git tag --list").read()?;
         let prev_tag = tags.lines().filter(|line| is_release_tag(line)).last().unwrap();
 
-        let contents = changelog::get_changelog(changelog_n, &commit, prev_tag, &today)?;
+        let contents = changelog::get_changelog(sh, changelog_n, &commit, prev_tag, &today)?;
         let path = changelog_dir.join(format!("{}-changelog-{}.adoc", today, changelog_n));
-        write_file(&path, &contents)?;
+        sh.write_file(&path, &contents)?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
 impl flags::Promote {
-    pub(crate) fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
-        let _dir = pushd("../rust-rust-analyzer")?;
-        cmd!("git switch master").run()?;
-        cmd!("git fetch upstream").run()?;
-        cmd!("git reset --hard upstream/master").run()?;
-        cmd!("git submodule update --recursive").run()?;
+    pub(crate) fn run(self, sh: &Shell) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let _dir = sh.push_dir("../rust-rust-analyzer");
+        cmd!(sh, "git switch master").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "git fetch upstream").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "git reset --hard upstream/master").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "git submodule update --recursive").run()?;
 
-        let branch = format!("rust-analyzer-{}", date_iso()?);
-        cmd!("git switch -c {branch}").run()?;
+        let date = date_iso(sh)?;
+        let branch = format!("rust-analyzer-{date}");
+        cmd!(sh, "git switch -c {branch}").run()?;
         {
-            let _dir = pushd("src/tools/rust-analyzer")?;
-            cmd!("git fetch origin").run()?;
-            cmd!("git reset --hard origin/release").run()?;
+            let _dir = sh.push_dir("src/tools/rust-analyzer");
+            cmd!(sh, "git fetch origin").run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git reset --hard origin/release").run()?;
         }
-        cmd!("git add src/tools/rust-analyzer").run()?;
-        cmd!("git commit -m':arrow_up: rust-analyzer'").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "git add src/tools/rust-analyzer").run()?;
+        cmd!(sh, "git commit -m':arrow_up: rust-analyzer'").run()?;
         if !self.dry_run {
-            cmd!("git push -u origin {branch}").run()?;
-            cmd!("xdg-open https://github.com/matklad/rust/pull/new/{branch}?body=r%3F%20%40ghost")
-                .run()?;
+            cmd!(sh, "git push -u origin {branch}").run()?;
+            cmd!(
+                sh,
+                "xdg-open https://github.com/matklad/rust/pull/new/{branch}?body=r%3F%20%40ghost"
+            )
+            .run()?;
         }
         Ok(())
     }
diff --git a/xtask/src/release/changelog.rs b/xtask/src/release/changelog.rs
index 2384a746f3..ceef9fac2d 100644
--- a/xtask/src/release/changelog.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/release/changelog.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 use std::fmt::Write;
 use std::{env, iter};
 
-use anyhow::{bail, Result};
-use xshell::cmd;
+use anyhow::bail;
+use xshell::{cmd, Shell};
 
 pub(crate) fn get_changelog(
+    sh: &Shell,
     changelog_n: usize,
     commit: &str,
     prev_tag: &str,
     today: &str,
-) -> Result<String> {
-    let git_log = cmd!("git log {prev_tag}..HEAD --merges --reverse").read()?;
+) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+    let git_log = cmd!(sh, "git log {prev_tag}..HEAD --merges --reverse").read()?;
     let mut features = String::new();
     let mut fixes = String::new();
     let mut internal = String::new();
@@ -30,14 +31,15 @@ pub(crate) fn get_changelog(
 
                 // we don't use an HTTPS client or JSON parser to keep the build times low
                 let pr_json =
-                    cmd!("curl -s -H {accept} -H {authorization} {pr_url}/{pr}").read()?;
-                let pr_title = cmd!("jq .title").stdin(&pr_json).read()?;
+                    cmd!(sh, "curl -s -H {accept} -H {authorization} {pr_url}/{pr}").read()?;
+                let pr_title = cmd!(sh, "jq .title").stdin(&pr_json).read()?;
                 let pr_title = unescape(&pr_title[1..pr_title.len() - 1]);
-                let pr_comment = cmd!("jq .body").stdin(pr_json).read()?;
+                let pr_comment = cmd!(sh, "jq .body").stdin(pr_json).read()?;
 
                 let comments_json =
-                    cmd!("curl -s -H {accept} -H {authorization} {pr_url}/{pr}/comments").read()?;
-                let pr_comments = cmd!("jq .[].body").stdin(comments_json).read()?;
+                    cmd!(sh, "curl -s -H {accept} -H {authorization} {pr_url}/{pr}/comments")
+                        .read()?;
+                let pr_comments = cmd!(sh, "jq .[].body").stdin(comments_json).read()?;
 
                 let l = iter::once(pr_comment.as_str())
                     .chain(pr_comments.lines())