#!/usr/bin/env bash APPNAME=$(basename $0 | sed "s/\.sh$//") # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Log functions # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- fn_log_info() { echo "$APPNAME: $1"; } fn_log_warn() { echo "$APPNAME: [WARNING] $1" 1>&2; } fn_log_error() { echo "$APPNAME: [ERROR] $1" 1>&2; } fn_log_info_cmd() { if [ -n "$SSH_CMD" ]; then echo "$APPNAME: $SSH_CMD '$1'"; else echo "$APPNAME: $1"; fi } # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Make sure everything really stops when CTRL+C is pressed # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- fn_terminate_script() { fn_log_info "SIGINT caught." exit 1 } trap 'fn_terminate_script' SIGINT # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Small utility functions for reducing code duplication # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- fn_display_usage() { echo "Usage: $(basename $0) [OPTION]... <[USER@HOST:]DESTINATION> [exclude-pattern-file]" echo "" echo "Options" echo " -p, --port SSH port." echo " -h, --help Display this help message." echo " --rsync-get-flags Display the default rsync flags that are used for backup." echo " --rsync-set-flags Set the rsync flags that are going to be used for backup." echo " --log-dir Set the log file directory. If this flag is set, generated files will" echo " not be managed by the script - in particular they will not be" echo " automatically deleted." echo " Default: $LOG_DIR" echo "" echo "For more detailed help, please see the README file:" echo "" echo "https://github.com/laurent22/rsync-time-backup/blob/master/README.md" } fn_parse_date() { # Converts YYYY-MM-DD-HHMMSS to YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS and then to Unix Epoch. case "$OSTYPE" in linux*) date -d "${1:0:10} ${1:11:2}:${1:13:2}:${1:15:2}" +%s ;; cygwin*) date -d "${1:0:10} ${1:11:2}:${1:13:2}:${1:15:2}" +%s ;; darwin*) date -j -f "%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S" "$1" "+%s" ;; FreeBSD*) date -j -f "%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S" "$1" "+%s" ;; esac } fn_find_backups() { fn_run_cmd "find "$DEST_FOLDER" -type d -name "????-??-??-??????" -prune | sort -r" } fn_expire_backup() { # Double-check that we're on a backup destination to be completely # sure we're deleting the right folder if [ -z "$(fn_find_backup_marker "$(dirname -- "$1")")" ]; then fn_log_error "$1 is not on a backup destination - aborting." exit 1 fi fn_log_info "Expiring $1" fn_rm "$1" } fn_parse_ssh() { if [[ "$DEST_FOLDER" =~ ^[A-Za-z0-9\._%\+\-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.\-]+\:.+$ ]] then SSH_USER=$(echo "$DEST_FOLDER" | sed -E 's/^([A-Za-z0-9\._%\+\-]+)@([A-Za-z0-9.\-]+)\:(.+)$/\1/') SSH_HOST=$(echo "$DEST_FOLDER" | sed -E 's/^([A-Za-z0-9\._%\+\-]+)@([A-Za-z0-9.\-]+)\:(.+)$/\2/') SSH_DEST_FOLDER=$(echo "$DEST_FOLDER" | sed -E 's/^([A-Za-z0-9\._%\+\-]+)@([A-Za-z0-9.\-]+)\:(.+)$/\3/') SSH_CMD="ssh -p $SSH_PORT ${SSH_USER}@${SSH_HOST}" SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX="${SSH_USER}@${SSH_HOST}:" fi } fn_run_cmd() { if [ -n "$SSH_CMD" ] then eval "$SSH_CMD '$1'" else eval $1 fi } fn_find() { fn_run_cmd "find '$1'" 2>/dev/null } fn_get_absolute_path() { fn_run_cmd "cd '$1';pwd" } fn_mkdir() { fn_run_cmd "mkdir -p -- '$1'" } fn_rm() { if [[ -d $1 ]]; then # when deleting a directory use rsync for performance reasons fn_run_cmd "mkdir -p /tmp/rsync-time-backup-emptydir" fn_run_cmd "rsync -a --delete /tmp/rsync-time-backup-emptydir/ '$1'" fn_run_cmd "rm -rf /tmp/rsync-time-backup-emptydir '$1'" else # when deleting a file use regular rm fn_run_cmd "rm -f '$1'" fi } fn_touch() { fn_run_cmd "touch -- '$1'" } fn_ln() { fn_run_cmd "ln -s -- '$1' '$2'" } # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Source and destination information # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- SSH_USER="" SSH_HOST="" SSH_DEST_FOLDER="" SSH_CMD="" SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX="" SSH_PORT="22" SRC_FOLDER="" DEST_FOLDER="" EXCLUSION_FILE="" LOG_DIR="$HOME/.$APPNAME" AUTO_DELETE_LOG="1" RSYNC_FLAGS="-D --compress --numeric-ids --links --hard-links --one-file-system --itemize-changes --times --recursive --perms --owner --group --stats --human-readable" while :; do case $1 in -h|-\?|--help) fn_display_usage exit ;; -p|--port) shift SSH_PORT=$1 ;; --rsync-get-flags) shift echo $RSYNC_FLAGS exit ;; --rsync-set-flags) shift RSYNC_FLAGS="$1" ;; --log-dir) shift LOG_DIR="$1" AUTO_DELETE_LOG="0" ;; --) shift SRC_FOLDER="$1" DEST_FOLDER="$2" EXCLUSION_FILE="$3" break ;; -?*) fn_log_error "Unknown option: \"$1\"" fn_log_info "" fn_display_usage exit 1 ;; *) SRC_FOLDER="$1" DEST_FOLDER="$2" EXCLUSION_FILE="$3" break esac shift done # Display usage information if required arguments are not passed if [[ -z "$SRC_FOLDER" || -z "$DEST_FOLDER" ]]; then fn_display_usage exit 1 fi # Strips off last slash. Note that it means the root folder "/" # will be represented as an empty string "", which is fine # with the current script (since a "/" is added when needed) # but still something to keep in mind. # Don't think it would with DEST_FOLDER set to "/" though, # but there's probably not a use case for this anyway. SRC_FOLDER="${SRC_FOLDER%/}" DEST_FOLDER="${DEST_FOLDER%/}" fn_parse_ssh if [ -n "$SSH_DEST_FOLDER" ]; then DEST_FOLDER="$SSH_DEST_FOLDER" fi for ARG in "$SRC_FOLDER" "$DEST_FOLDER" "$EXCLUSION_FILE"; do if [[ "$ARG" == *"'"* ]]; then fn_log_error 'Source and destination directories may not contain single quote characters.' exit 1 fi done # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Check that the destination drive is a backup drive # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TODO: check that the destination supports hard links fn_backup_marker_path() { echo "$1/backup.marker"; } fn_find_backup_marker() { fn_find "$(fn_backup_marker_path "$1")" 2>/dev/null; } if [ -z "$(fn_find_backup_marker "$DEST_FOLDER")" ]; then fn_log_info "Safety check failed - the destination does not appear to be a backup folder or drive (marker file not found)." fn_log_info "If it is indeed a backup folder, you may add the marker file by running the following command:" fn_log_info "" fn_log_info_cmd "mkdir -p -- \"$DEST_FOLDER\" ; touch \"$(fn_backup_marker_path "$DEST_FOLDER")\"" fn_log_info "" exit 1 fi # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Setup additional variables # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Date logic NOW=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S") EPOCH=$(date "+%s") KEEP_ALL_DATE=$((EPOCH - 86400)) # 1 day ago KEEP_DAILIES_DATE=$((EPOCH - 2678400)) # 31 days ago export IFS=$'\n' # Better for handling spaces in filenames. DEST="$DEST_FOLDER/$NOW" PREVIOUS_DEST="$(fn_find_backups | head -n 1)" INPROGRESS_FILE="$DEST_FOLDER/backup.inprogress" MYPID="$$" # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create log folder if it doesn't exist # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- if [ ! -d "$LOG_DIR" ]; then fn_log_info "Creating log folder in '$LOG_DIR'..." mkdir -- "$LOG_DIR" fi # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Handle case where a previous backup failed or was interrupted. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- if [ -n "$(fn_find "$INPROGRESS_FILE")" ]; then if [ "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]; then # TODO: Cygwin reports the name of currently running Bash scripts as just "/usr/bin/bash" # TODO: so the pgrep solution below won't work. Need to use "procps -wwFAH", grep # TODO: the script name, and extract the process ID from it. fn_log_warn "Cygwin only: Previous backup task has either been interrupted or it might still be active, but there is currently no check for this. Assuming that the task was simply interrupted." else RUNNINGPID="$(fn_run_cmd "cat $INPROGRESS_FILE")" if [ "$RUNNINGPID" = "$(pgrep "$APPNAME")" ]; then fn_log_error "Previous backup task is still active - aborting." exit 1 fi fi if [ -n "$PREVIOUS_DEST" ]; then # - Last backup is moved to current backup folder so that it can be resumed. # - 2nd to last backup becomes last backup. fn_log_info "$SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX$INPROGRESS_FILE already exists - the previous backup failed or was interrupted. Backup will resume from there." fn_run_cmd "mv -- $PREVIOUS_DEST $DEST" if [ "$(fn_find_backups | wc -l)" -gt 1 ]; then PREVIOUS_DEST="$(fn_find_backups | sed -n '2p')" else PREVIOUS_DEST="" fi # update PID to current process to avoid multiple concurrent resumes fn_run_cmd "echo $MYPID > $INPROGRESS_FILE" fi fi # Run in a loop to handle the "No space left on device" logic. while : ; do # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Check if we are doing an incremental backup (if previous backup exists). # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINK_DEST_OPTION="" if [ -z "$PREVIOUS_DEST" ]; then fn_log_info "No previous backup - creating new one." else # If the path is relative, it needs to be relative to the destination. To keep # it simple, just use an absolute path. See http://serverfault.com/a/210058/118679 PREVIOUS_DEST="$(fn_get_absolute_path "$PREVIOUS_DEST")" fn_log_info "Previous backup found - doing incremental backup from $SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX$PREVIOUS_DEST" LINK_DEST_OPTION="--link-dest='$PREVIOUS_DEST'" fi # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Create destination folder if it doesn't already exists # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- if [ -z "$(fn_find "$DEST -type d" 2>/dev/null)" ]; then fn_log_info "Creating destination $SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX$DEST" fn_mkdir "$DEST" fi # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Purge certain old backups before beginning new backup. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Default value for $PREV ensures that the most recent backup is never deleted. PREV="0000-00-00-000000" for FILENAME in $(fn_find_backups | sort -r); do BACKUP_DATE=$(basename "$FILENAME") TIMESTAMP=$(fn_parse_date $BACKUP_DATE) # Skip if failed to parse date... if [ -z "$TIMESTAMP" ]; then fn_log_warn "Could not parse date: $FILENAME" continue fi if [ $TIMESTAMP -ge $KEEP_ALL_DATE ]; then true elif [ $TIMESTAMP -ge $KEEP_DAILIES_DATE ]; then # Delete all but the most recent of each day. [ "${BACKUP_DATE:0:10}" == "${PREV:0:10}" ] && fn_expire_backup "$FILENAME" else # Delete all but the most recent of each month. [ "${BACKUP_DATE:0:7}" == "${PREV:0:7}" ] && fn_expire_backup "$FILENAME" fi PREV=$BACKUP_DATE done # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Start backup # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- LOG_FILE="$LOG_DIR/$(date +"%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S").log" fn_log_info "Starting backup..." fn_log_info "From: $SRC_FOLDER/" fn_log_info "To: $SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX$DEST/" CMD="rsync" if [ -n "$SSH_CMD" ]; then CMD="$CMD -e 'ssh -p $SSH_PORT -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null'" fi CMD="$CMD $RSYNC_FLAGS" CMD="$CMD --log-file '$LOG_FILE'" if [ -n "$EXCLUSION_FILE" ]; then # We've already checked that $EXCLUSION_FILE doesn't contain a single quote CMD="$CMD --exclude-from '$EXCLUSION_FILE'" fi CMD="$CMD $LINK_DEST_OPTION" CMD="$CMD -- '$SRC_FOLDER/' '$SSH_FOLDER_PREFIX$DEST/'" fn_log_info "Running command:" fn_log_info "$CMD" fn_run_cmd "echo $MYPID > $INPROGRESS_FILE" eval $CMD # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Check if we ran out of space # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- NO_SPACE_LEFT="$(grep "No space left on device (28)\|Result too large (34)" "$LOG_FILE")" if [ -n "$NO_SPACE_LEFT" ]; then fn_log_warn "No space left on device - removing oldest backup and resuming." if [[ "$(fn_find_backups | wc -l)" -lt "2" ]]; then fn_log_error "No space left on device, and no old backup to delete." exit 1 fi fn_expire_backup "$(fn_find_backups | tail -n 1)" # Resume backup continue fi # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Check whether rsync reported any errors # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- if [ -n "$(grep "rsync error:" "$LOG_FILE")" ]; then fn_log_error "Rsync reported an error. Run this command for more details: grep -E 'rsync:|rsync error:' '$LOG_FILE'" exit 1 fi if [ -n "$(grep "rsync:" "$LOG_FILE")" ]; then fn_log_warn "Rsync reported a warning. Run this command for more details: grep -E 'rsync:|rsync error:' '$LOG_FILE'" fi # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Add symlink to last successful backup # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- fn_rm "$DEST_FOLDER/latest" fn_ln "$(basename -- "$DEST")" "$DEST_FOLDER/latest" fn_rm "$INPROGRESS_FILE" if [[ $AUTO_DELETE_LOG == "1" ]]; then rm -f -- "$LOG_FILE" fi fn_log_info "Backup completed without errors." exit 0 done