Add --raw switch to print for binary data (#13597)

# Description

Something I meant to add a long time ago. We currently don't have a
convenient way to print raw binary data intentionally. You can pipe it
through `cat` to turn it into an unknown stream, or write it to a file
and read it again, but we can't really just e.g. generate msgpack and
write it to stdout without this. For example:

```nushell
[abc def] | to msgpack | print --raw
```

This is useful for nushell scripts that will be piped into something
else. It also means that `nu_plugin_nu_example` probably doesn't need to
do this anymore, but I haven't adjusted it yet:

```nushell
def tell_nushell_encoding [] {
  print -n "\u{0004}json"
}
```

This happens to work because 0x04 is a valid UTF-8 character, but it
wouldn't be possible if it were something above 0x80.

`--raw` also formats other things without `table`, I figured the two
things kind of go together. The output is kind of like `to text`.
Debatable whether that should share the same flag, but it was easier
that way and seemed reasonable.

# User-Facing Changes
- `print` new flag: `--raw`

# Tests + Formatting
Added tests.

# After Submitting
- [ ] release notes (command modified)

crates/nu-cli/src/print.rs

@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@ impl Command for Print {
                 Some('n'),
             )
             .switch("stderr", "print to stderr instead of stdout", Some('e'))
+            .switch(
+                "raw",
+                "print without formatting (including binary data)",
+                Some('r'),
+            )
             .category(Category::Strings)
     }
 
@@ -50,15 +55,25 @@ Since this command has no output, there is no point in piping it with other comm
         let args: Vec<Value> = call.rest(engine_state, stack, 0)?;
         let no_newline = call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "no-newline")?;
         let to_stderr = call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "stderr")?;
+        let raw = call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "raw")?;
 
         // This will allow for easy printing of pipelines as well
         if !args.is_empty() {
             for arg in args {
-                arg.into_pipeline_data()
-                    .print(engine_state, stack, no_newline, to_stderr)?;
+                if raw {
+                    arg.into_pipeline_data()
+                        .print_raw(engine_state, no_newline, to_stderr)?;
+                } else {
+                    arg.into_pipeline_data()
+                        .print(engine_state, stack, no_newline, to_stderr)?;
+                }
             }
         } else if !input.is_nothing() {
-            input.print(engine_state, stack, no_newline, to_stderr)?;
+            if raw {
+                input.print_raw(engine_state, no_newline, to_stderr)?;
+            } else {
+                input.print(engine_state, stack, no_newline, to_stderr)?;
+            }
         }
 
         Ok(PipelineData::empty())
@@ -76,6 +91,11 @@ Since this command has no output, there is no point in piping it with other comm
                 example: r#"print (2 + 3)"#,
                 result: None,
             },
+            Example {
+                description: "Print 'ABC' from binary data",
+                example: r#"0x[41 42 43] | print --raw"#,
+                result: None,
+            },
         ]
     }
 }

crates/nu-command/tests/commands/print.rs

@@ -13,3 +13,15 @@ fn print_to_stderr() {
     assert!(actual.out.is_empty());
     assert!(actual.err.contains("hello world"));
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn print_raw() {
+    let actual = nu!("0x[41 42 43] | print --raw");
+    assert_eq!(actual.out, "ABC");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn print_raw_stream() {
+    let actual = nu!("[0x[66] 0x[6f 6f]] | bytes collect | print --raw");
+    assert_eq!(actual.out, "foo");
+}

crates/nu-protocol/src/pipeline/pipeline_data.rs

@@ -604,6 +604,31 @@ impl PipelineData {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Consume and print self data without any extra formatting.
+    ///
+    /// This does not use the `table` command to format data, and also prints binary values and
+    /// streams in their raw format without generating a hexdump first.
+    ///
+    /// `no_newline` controls if we need to attach newline character to output.
+    /// `to_stderr` controls if data is output to stderr, when the value is false, the data is output to stdout.
+    pub fn print_raw(
+        self,
+        engine_state: &EngineState,
+        no_newline: bool,
+        to_stderr: bool,
+    ) -> Result<Option<ExitStatus>, ShellError> {
+        if let PipelineData::Value(Value::Binary { val: bytes, .. }, _) = self {
+            if to_stderr {
+                stderr_write_all_and_flush(bytes)?;
+            } else {
+                stdout_write_all_and_flush(bytes)?;
+            }
+            Ok(None)
+        } else {
+            self.write_all_and_flush(engine_state, no_newline, to_stderr)
+        }
+    }
+
     fn write_all_and_flush(
         self,
         engine_state: &EngineState,