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LICENSE
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@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
|
|||
The <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nix/manual/">Nix</link>,
|
||||
<link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixpkgs/manual/">Nixpkgs</link>, and
|
||||
<link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/">NixOS</link> manuals;
|
||||
<link xlink:href="http://www.infoq.com/articles/configuration-management-with-nix">articles</link>;
|
||||
and wiki are excellent resources for explaining how Nix/NixOS works, how
|
||||
you can use it, and the number of cool things being done with it.
|
||||
However, at the beginning you may feel that some of the magic
|
||||
|
@ -60,7 +59,7 @@
|
|||
xlink:href="http://www.rpm.org/">rpm</link>, ...) mutate the
|
||||
global state of the system. If a package
|
||||
<literal>foo-1.0</literal> installs a program to
|
||||
<literal>/usr/bin/foo</literal>, you cannot install
|
||||
<filename>/usr/bin/foo</filename>, you cannot install
|
||||
<literal>foo-1.1</literal> as well, unless you change the
|
||||
installation paths or the binary name.
|
||||
But changing the binary names means breaking users of
|
||||
|
@ -126,25 +125,25 @@
|
|||
Nix makes no assumptions about the global state of the system.
|
||||
This has many advantages, but also some drawbacks of course.
|
||||
The core of a Nix system is the Nix store, usually
|
||||
installed under <literal>/nix/store</literal>, and some tools to manipulate the
|
||||
installed under <filename>/nix/store</filename>, and some tools to manipulate the
|
||||
store. In Nix there is the notion of a <emphasis>derivation</emphasis> rather than a
|
||||
package. The difference can be subtle at the beginning, so I
|
||||
will often use the words interchangeably.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Derivations/packages are stored in the Nix store as follows:
|
||||
<literal>/nix/store/<replaceable>hash-name</replaceable></literal>,
|
||||
<filename>/nix/store/<replaceable>hash-name</replaceable></filename>,
|
||||
where the hash uniquely identifies the derivation (this isn't quite true,
|
||||
it's a little more complex), and the name is the name of
|
||||
the derivation.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Let's take a bash derivation as an example:
|
||||
<literal>/nix/store/s4zia7hhqkin1di0f187b79sa2srhv6k-bash-4.2-p45/</literal>.
|
||||
This picks out a directory that contains <literal>bin/bash</literal>.
|
||||
<filename>/nix/store/s4zia7hhqkin1di0f187b79sa2srhv6k-bash-4.2-p45/</filename>.
|
||||
This is a directory in the Nix store which contains <filename>bin/bash</filename>.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
What that means is that there's no <literal>/bin/bash</literal>, there's only that
|
||||
What that means is that there's no <filename>/bin/bash</filename>, there's only that
|
||||
self-contained build output in the store. The same goes for
|
||||
coreutils and everything else. To make them convenient
|
||||
to use from the shell, Nix will arrange for binaries to appear in
|
||||
|
@ -197,7 +196,7 @@
|
|||
When upgrading a library, most package managers replace it in-place.
|
||||
All new applications run afterwards with the new library
|
||||
without being recompiled. After all, they all refer dynamically
|
||||
to <literal>libc6.so</literal>.
|
||||
to <filename>libc6.so</filename>.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Since Nix derivations are immutable, upgrading a library like glibc
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
You can inspect the database by installing sqlite
|
||||
(<command>nix-env -iA sqlite -f '<nixpkgs></command>) and then running
|
||||
(<command>nix-env -iA sqlite -f '<nixpkgs>'</command>) and then running
|
||||
<command>sqlite3 /nix/var/nix/db/db.sqlite</command>.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -477,7 +477,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
We're walking through the fundamentals of Nix derivations, to understand how
|
||||
they work, how they are represented.Packaging in Nix is certainly easier
|
||||
they work, how they are represented. Packaging in Nix is certainly easier
|
||||
than that, but we're not there yet in this post. More Nix pills are needed.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
|
|||
<link xlink:href="http://www.gnu.org/software/hello/">GNU hello world</link>,
|
||||
despite its name, is a simple yet complete project using autotools.
|
||||
Fetch the latest tarball here:
|
||||
<link xlink:href="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.9.tar.gz">http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.9.tar.gz</link>.
|
||||
<link xlink:href="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz">http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hello/hello-2.10.tar.gz</link>.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ pkgs: attrs:
|
|||
let defaultAttrs = {
|
||||
builder = "${bash}/bin/bash";
|
||||
args = [ ./builder.sh ];
|
||||
baseInputs = [ gnutar gzip gnumake gcc binutils coreutils gawk gnused gnugrep ];
|
||||
baseInputs = [ gnutar gzip gnumake gcc binutils-unwrapped coreutils gawk gnused gnugrep ];
|
||||
buildInputs = [];
|
||||
system = builtins.currentSystem;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
export PATH="$gnutar/bin:$gcc/bin:$gnumake/bin:$coreutils/bin:$gawk/bin:$gzip/bin:$gnugrep/bin:$gnused/bin:$binutils/bin"
|
||||
export PATH="$gnutar/bin:$gcc/bin:$gnumake/bin:$coreutils/bin:$gawk/bin:$gzip/bin:$gnugrep/bin:$gnused/bin:$binutils_unwrapped/bin"
|
||||
tar -xzf $src
|
||||
cd hello-2.9
|
||||
cd hello-2.10
|
||||
./configure --prefix=$out
|
||||
make
|
||||
make install
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ derivation {
|
|||
name = "hello";
|
||||
builder = "${bash}/bin/bash";
|
||||
args = [ ./builder.sh ];
|
||||
buildInputs = [ gnutar gzip gnumake gcc binutils coreutils gawk gnused gnugrep ];
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.9.tar.gz;
|
||||
buildInputs = [ gnutar gzip gnumake gcc binutils-unwrapped coreutils gawk gnused gnugrep ];
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.10.tar.gz;
|
||||
system = builtins.currentSystem;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ let
|
|||
mkDerivation = import ./autotools.nix pkgs;
|
||||
in mkDerivation {
|
||||
name = "hello";
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.9.tar.gz;
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.10.tar.gz;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ derivation {
|
|||
name = "hello";
|
||||
builder = "${bash}/bin/bash";
|
||||
args = [ ./hello_builder.sh ];
|
||||
inherit gnutar gzip gnumake gcc binutils coreutils gawk gnused gnugrep;
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.9.tar.gz;
|
||||
inherit gnutar gzip gnumake gcc binutils-unwrapped coreutils gawk gnused gnugrep;
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.10.tar.gz;
|
||||
system = builtins.currentSystem;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
$ nix-instantiate hello.nix
|
||||
/nix/store/z77vn965a59irqnrrjvbspiyl2rph0jp-hello.drv
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --references /nix/store/z77vn965a59irqnrrjvbspiyl2rph0jp-hello.drv
|
||||
/nix/store/0q6pfasdma4as22kyaknk4kwx4h58480-hello-2.9.tar.gz
|
||||
/nix/store/0q6pfasdma4as22kyaknk4kwx4h58480-hello-2.10.tar.gz
|
||||
/nix/store/1zcs1y4n27lqs0gw4v038i303pb89rw6-coreutils-8.21.drv
|
||||
/nix/store/2h4b30hlfw4fhqx10wwi71mpim4wr877-gnused-4.2.2.drv
|
||||
/nix/store/39bgdjissw9gyi4y5j9wanf4dbjpbl07-gnutar-1.27.1.drv
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -75,13 +75,13 @@
|
|||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The working directory is no more a temp directory created by nix-build, but the current directory. Therefore, hello-2.9 has been unpacked there.
|
||||
The working directory is no more a temp directory created by nix-build, but the current directory. Therefore, hello-2.10 has been unpacked there.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
We're able to <command>cd</command> into hello-2.9 and type
|
||||
We're able to <command>cd</command> into hello-2.10 and type
|
||||
<command>make</command>, because now it's available.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
|
|||
We have packaged <package>GNU hello worl</package>, I guess you would like to package something else for creating at least a repository of two projects :-) . I chose <package>graphviz</package>, which uses the standard autotools build system, requires no patching and dependencies are optional.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Download <package>graphviz</package> from here. The <filename>graphviz.nix</filename> expression is straightforward:
|
||||
Download <package>graphviz</package> from <link xlink:href="http://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/graphviz/graphviz-2.38.0.tar.gz/5b6a829b2ac94efcd5fa3c223ed6d3ae/graphviz-2.38.0.tar.gz">here</link>. The <filename>graphviz.nix</filename> expression is straightforward:
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<screen><xi:include href="./12/graphviz-derivation.txt" parse="text" /></screen>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ $ pp-aterm -i $(nix-instantiate hello.nix)
|
|||
Derive(
|
||||
[("out", "/nix/store/6flbdbpq6sc1dc79xjx01bz43zwgj3wc-hello", "", "")]
|
||||
, [("/nix/store/8z4xw8a0ax1csa0l83zflsm4jw9c94w2-bash-4.3-p39.drv", ["out"]), ("/nix/store/j0905apmxw2qb4ng5j40d4ghpiwa3mi1-stdenv.drv", ["out"])]
|
||||
, ["/nix/store/0q6pfasdma4as22kyaknk4kwx4h58480-hello-2.9.tar.gz", "/nix/store/9krlzvny65gdc8s7kpb6lkx8cd02c25b-default-builder.sh"]
|
||||
, ["/nix/store/0q6pfasdma4as22kyaknk4kwx4h58480-hello-2.10.tar.gz", "/nix/store/9krlzvny65gdc8s7kpb6lkx8cd02c25b-default-builder.sh"]
|
||||
, "x86_64-linux"
|
||||
, "/nix/store/zmd4jk4db5lgxb8l93mhkvr3x92g2sx2-bash-4.3-p39/bin/bash"
|
||||
, ["-e", "/nix/store/9krlzvny65gdc8s7kpb6lkx8cd02c25b-default-builder.sh"]
|
||||
|
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Derive(
|
|||
, ("out", "/nix/store/6flbdbpq6sc1dc79xjx01bz43zwgj3wc-hello")
|
||||
, ("propagatedBuildInputs", "")
|
||||
, ("propagatedNativeBuildInputs", "")
|
||||
, ("src", "/nix/store/0q6pfasdma4as22kyaknk4kwx4h58480-hello-2.9.tar.gz")
|
||||
, ("src", "/nix/store/0q6pfasdma4as22kyaknk4kwx4h58480-hello-2.10.tar.gz")
|
||||
, ("stdenv", "/nix/store/k4jklkcag4zq4xkqhkpy156mgfm34ipn-stdenv")
|
||||
, ("system", "x86_64-linux")
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||
with import <nixpkgs> {};
|
||||
stdenv.mkDerivation {
|
||||
name = "hello";
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.9.tar.gz;
|
||||
src = ./hello-2.10.tar.gz;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||
$ nix-shell -E 'derivation { name = "fake"; builder = "fake"; system = "x86_64-linux"; }'
|
||||
nix-shell$ unset PATH
|
||||
nix-shell$ source /nix/store/k4jklkcag4zq4xkqhkpy156mgfm34ipn-stdenv/setup
|
||||
nix-shell$ tar -xf hello-2.9.tar.gz
|
||||
nix-shell$ cd hello-2.9
|
||||
nix-shell$ tar -xf hello-2.10.tar.gz
|
||||
nix-shell$ cd hello-2.10
|
||||
nix-shell$ configurePhase
|
||||
...
|
||||
nix-shell$ buildPhase
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue