mirror of
https://github.com/inspec/inspec
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465 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
465 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
# Chef InSpec: Inspect Your Infrastructure
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* **Project State: Active**
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* **Issues Response SLA: 3 business days**
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* **Pull Request Response SLA: 3 business days**
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For more information on project states and SLAs, see [this documentation](https://github.com/chef/chef-oss-practices/blob/master/repo-management/repo-states.md).
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[](https://community-slack.chef.io/)
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[](https://travis-ci.org/inspec/inspec)
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[](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/Chef/inspec/branch/master)
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[](https://coveralls.io/github/inspec/inspec?branch=master)
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Chef InSpec is an open-source testing framework for infrastructure with a human- and machine-readable language for specifying compliance, security and policy requirements.
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```ruby
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# Disallow insecure protocols by testing
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describe package('telnetd') do
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it { should_not be_installed }
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end
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describe inetd_conf do
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its("telnet") { should eq nil }
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end
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```
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Chef InSpec makes it easy to run your tests wherever you need. More options are found in our [CLI docs](https://www.inspec.io/docs/reference/cli/).
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```bash
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# run test locally
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inspec exec test.rb
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# run test on remote host on SSH
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inspec exec test.rb -t ssh://user@hostname -i /path/to/key
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# run test on remote host using SSH agent private key authentication. Requires Chef InSpec 1.7.1
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inspec exec test.rb -t ssh://user@hostname
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# run test on remote windows host on WinRM
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inspec exec test.rb -t winrm://Administrator@windowshost --password 'your-password'
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# run test on docker container
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inspec exec test.rb -t docker://container_id
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```
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# Features
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- Built-in Compliance: Compliance no longer occurs at the end of the release cycle
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- Targeted Tests: Chef InSpec writes tests that specifically target compliance issues
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- Metadata: Includes the metadata required by security and compliance pros
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- Easy Testing: Includes a command-line interface to run tests quickly
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## Installation
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Chef InSpec requires Ruby ( >= 2.4 ).
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Note: Versions of Chef InSpec 4.0 and later require accepting the EULA to use. Please visit the [license acceptance page](https://docs.chef.io/chef_license_accept.html) on the Chef docs site for more information.
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### Install as package
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The Chef InSpec package is available for MacOS, RedHat, Ubuntu and Windows. Download the latest package at [Chef InSpec Downloads](https://downloads.chef.io/inspec) or install Chef InSpec via script:
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```
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# RedHat, Ubuntu, and macOS
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curl https://omnitruck.chef.io/install.sh | sudo bash -s -- -P inspec
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# Windows
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. { iwr -useb https://omnitruck.chef.io/install.ps1 } | iex; install -project inspec
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```
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### Install it via rubygems.org
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When installing from source, gem dependencies may require ruby build tools to be installed.
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For CentOS/RedHat/Fedora:
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```bash
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yum -y install ruby ruby-devel make gcc gcc-c++
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```
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For Ubuntu:
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```bash
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apt-get -y install ruby ruby-dev gcc g++ make
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```
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To install inspec from [rubygems](https://rubygems.org/):
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```bash
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gem install inspec
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```
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### Usage via Docker
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Download the image and define a function for convenience:
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For Linux:
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```
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docker pull chef/inspec
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function inspec { docker run -it --rm -v $(pwd):/share chef/inspec "$@"; }
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```
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For Windows (PowerShell):
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```
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docker pull chef/inspec
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function inspec { docker run -it --rm -v "$(pwd):/share" chef/inspec $args; }
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```
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If you call `inspec` from your shell, it automatically mounts the current directory into the Docker container. Therefore you can easily use local tests and key files. Note: Only files in the current directory and sub-directories are available within the container.
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```
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$ ls -1
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vagrant
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test.rb
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$ inspec exec test.rb -t ssh://root@192.168.64.2:11022 -i vagrant
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..
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Finished in 0.04321 seconds (files took 0.54917 seconds to load)
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2 examples, 0 failures
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```
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### Install it from source
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Note that installing from OS packages from [the download page](https://downloads.chef.io) is the preferred method.
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That requires [bundler](http://bundler.io/):
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```bash
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bundle install
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bundle exec bin/inspec help
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```
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To install it as a gem locally, run:
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```bash
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gem build inspec.gemspec
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gem install inspec-*.gem
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```
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On Windows, you need to install [Ruby](http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/) with [Ruby Development Kit](https://github.com/oneclick/rubyinstaller/wiki/Development-Kit) to build dependencies with its native extensions.
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### Install via Chef Habitat
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Currently, this method of installation only supports Linux. See the [Chef Habitat site](https://www.habitat.sh/) for more information.
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Download the `hab` binary from the [Chef Habitat](https://www.habitat.sh/docs/get-habitat/) site.
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```bash
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hab pkg install chef/inspec --binlink
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inspec
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```
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### Run Chef InSpec
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You should now be able to run:
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```bash
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$ inspec --help
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Commands:
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inspec archive PATH # archive a profile to tar.gz (default) ...
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inspec check PATH # verify all tests at the specified PATH
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inspec compliance SUBCOMMAND ... # Chef Compliance commands
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inspec detect # detect the target OS
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inspec exec PATH(S) # run all test files at the specified PATH.
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inspec help [COMMAND] # Describe available commands or one spe...
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inspec init TEMPLATE ... # Scaffolds a new project
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inspec json PATH # read all tests in PATH and generate a ...
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inspec shell # open an interactive debugging shell
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inspec supermarket SUBCOMMAND ... # Supermarket commands
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inspec version # prints the version of this tool
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Options:
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[--diagnose], [--no-diagnose] # Show diagnostics (versions, configurations)
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```
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# Examples
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* Only accept requests on secure ports - This test ensures that a web server is only listening on well-secured ports.
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```ruby
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describe port(80) do
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it { should_not be_listening }
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end
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describe port(443) do
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it { should be_listening }
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its('protocols') {should include 'tcp'}
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end
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```
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* Use approved strong ciphers - This test ensures that only enterprise-compliant ciphers are used for SSH servers.
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```ruby
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describe sshd_config do
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its('Ciphers') { should eq('chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr') }
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end
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```
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* Test your `kitchen.yml` file to verify that only Vagrant is configured as the driver. The %w() formatting will
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pass rubocop linting and allow you to access nested mappings.
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```ruby
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describe yaml('.kitchen.yml') do
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its(%w(driver name)) { should eq('vagrant') }
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end
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```
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Also have a look at our examples for:
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- [Using Chef InSpec with Test Kitchen & Chef Infra](https://github.com/chef/inspec/tree/master/examples/kitchen-chef)
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- [Using Chef InSpec with Test Kitchen & Puppet](https://github.com/chef/inspec/tree/master/examples/kitchen-puppet)
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- [Using Chef InSpec with Test Kitchen & Ansible](https://github.com/chef/inspec/tree/master/examples/kitchen-ansible)
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- [Implementing an Chef InSpec profile](https://github.com/chef/inspec/tree/master/examples/profile)
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## Or tests: Testing for a OR b
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* Using describe.one, you can test for a or b. The control will be marked as passing if EITHER condition is met.
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```ruby
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control 'or-test' do
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impact 1.0
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title 'This is a OR test'
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describe.one do
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describe ssh_config do
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its('Protocol') { should eq('3') }
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end
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describe ssh_config do
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its('Protocol') { should eq('2') }
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end
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end
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end
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```
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## Command Line Usage
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### exec
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Run tests against different targets:
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```bash
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# run test locally
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inspec exec test.rb
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# run test on remote host on SSH
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inspec exec test.rb -t ssh://user@hostname
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# run test on remote windows host on WinRM
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inspec exec test.rb -t winrm://Administrator@windowshost --password 'your-password'
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# run test on docker container
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inspec exec test.rb -t docker://container_id
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# run with sudo
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inspec exec test.rb --sudo [--sudo-password ...] [--sudo-options ...] [--sudo_command ...]
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# run in a subshell
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inspec exec test.rb --shell [--shell-options ...] [--shell-command ...]
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# run a profile targeting AWS using env vars
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inspec exec test.rb -t aws://
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# or store your AWS credentials in your ~/.aws/credentials profiles file
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inspec exec test.rb -t aws://us-east-2/my-profile
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# run a profile targeting Azure using env vars
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inspec exec test.rb -t azure://
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# or store your Azure credentials in your ~/.azure/credentials profiles file
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inspec exec test.rb -t azure://subscription_id
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```
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### detect
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Verify your configuration and detect
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```bash
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id=$( docker run -dti ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash )
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inspec detect -t docker://$id
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```
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Which will provide you with:
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```
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{"family":"ubuntu","release":"14.04","arch":null}
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```
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## Supported OS
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Remote Targets
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| Platform | Versions | Architectures |
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| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------- |
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| AIX | 6.1, 7.1, 7.2 | ppc64 |
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| CentOS | 5, 6, 7 | i386, x86_64 |
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| Debian | 7, 8, 9 | i386, x86_64 |
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| FreeBSD | 9, 10, 11 | i386, amd64 |
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| Mac OS X | 10.9, 10.10, 10.11, 10.12, 10.13, 10.14 | x86_64 |
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| Oracle Enterprise Linux | 5, 6, 7 | i386, x86_64 |
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| Red Hat Enterprise Linux | 5, 6, 7 | i386, x86_64 |
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| Solaris | 10, 11 | sparc, x86 |
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| Windows\* | 7, 8, 8.1, 10, 2008, 2008R2 , 2012, 2012R2, 2016 | x86, x86_64 |
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| Ubuntu Linux | | x86, x86_64 |
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| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server | 11, 12 | x86_64 |
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| Scientific Linux | 5.x, 6.x and 7.x | i386, x86_64 |
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| Fedora | | x86_64 |
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| OpenSUSE | 13, 42 | x86_64 |
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| OmniOS | | x86_64 |
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| Gentoo Linux | | x86_64 |
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| Arch Linux | | x86_64 |
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| HP-UX | 11.31 | ia64 |
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\**For Windows, PowerShell 5.0 or above is required.*
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In addition, runtime support is provided for:
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| Platform | Versions |
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| -------- | -------- |
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| Debian | 8, 9 |
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| RHEL | 6, 7 |
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| Ubuntu | 12.04+ |
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| Windows | 7+ |
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| Windows | 2012+ |
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## Documentation
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Documentation
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* https://www.inspec.io/docs/
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* https://www.inspec.io/docs/reference/resources/
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* https://github.com/chef/inspec/tree/master/docs
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Tutorials/Blogs/Podcasts:
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* https://www.inspec.io/tutorials/
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Relationship to other tools (RSpec, Serverspec):
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* https://www.inspec.io/docs/reference/inspec_and_friends/
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## Share your Profiles
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You may share your Chef InSpec Profiles in the [Tools & Plugins section](https://supermarket.chef.io/tools-directory) of the [Chef Supermarket](https://supermarket.chef.io/). [Sign in](https://supermarket.chef.io/sign-in) and [add the details of your profile](https://supermarket.chef.io/tools/new).
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You may also [browse the Supermarket for shared Compliance Profiles](https://supermarket.chef.io/tools?type=compliance_profile).
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## Kudos
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Chef InSpec is inspired by the wonderful [Serverspec](http://serverspec.org) project. Kudos to [mizzy](https://github.com/mizzy) and [all contributors](https://github.com/mizzy/serverspec/graphs/contributors)!
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The AWS resources were inspired by [inspec-aws](https://github.com/arothian/inspec-aws) from [arothian](https://github.com/arothian).
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## Contribute
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1. Fork it
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1. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
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1. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
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1. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
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1. Create new Pull Request
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The Chef InSpec community and maintainers are very active and helpful. This project benefits greatly from this activity.
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If you'd like to chat with the community and maintainers directly join us in the `#inspec` channel on the [Chef Community Slack](http://community-slack.chef.io/).
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As a reminder, all participants are expected to follow the [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/inspec/inspec/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
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[](https://community-slack.chef.io/)
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## Testing Chef InSpec
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We offer `unit`, `integration`, and `aws` tests.
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- `unit` tests ensure the intended behaviour of the implementation
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- `integration` tests run against Docker-based VMs via test-kitchen and [kitchen-inspec](https://github.com/chef/kitchen-inspec)
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- `aws` tests exercise the AWS resources against real AWS accounts
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### Unit tests
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```bash
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bundle exec rake test
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```
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If you like to run only one test file:
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```bash
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bundle exec m test/unit/resources/user_test.rb
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```
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You may also run a single test within a file by line number:
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```bash
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bundle exec m test/unit/resources/user_test.rb -l 123
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```
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### Integration tests
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These tests download various virtual machines, to ensure Chef InSpec is working as expected across different operating systems.
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These tests require the following gems:
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- test-kitchen
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- kitchen-dokken
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- kitchen-inspec
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These gems are provided via the `integration` group in the project's Gemfile.
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In addition, these test require Docker to be available on your machine or a remote Docker machine configured via the standard Docker environment variables.
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#### Running Integration tests
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List the various test instances available:
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```bash
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bundle exec kitchen list
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```
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The platforms and test suites are configured in the `.kitchen.yml` file. Once you know which instance you wish to test, test that instance:
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```bash
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bundle exec kitchen test <INSTANCE_NAME>
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```
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You may test all instances in parallel with:
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```bash
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bundle exec kitchen test -c
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```
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### AWS Tests
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Use the rake task `bundle exec rake test:aws` to test the AWS resources against a pair of real AWS accounts.
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Please see [TESTING_AGAINST_AWS.md](./test/integration/aws/TESTING_AGAINST_AWS.md) for details on how to setup the needed AWS accounts to perform testing.
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### Azure Tests
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Use the rake task `bundle exec rake test:azure` to test the Azure resources against an Azure account.
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Please see [TESTING_AGAINST_AZURE.md](./test/integration/aws/TESTING_AGAINST_AZURE.md) for details on how to setup the needed Azure accounts to perform testing.
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## License
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| | |
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| -------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
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| **Author:** | Dominik Richter (<drichter@chef.io>) |
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| **Author:** | Christoph Hartmann (<chartmann@chef.io>) |
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| **Copyright:** | Copyright (c) 2015 Vulcano Security GmbH. |
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| **Copyright:** | Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Chef Software Inc.|
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| **License:** | Apache License, Version 2.0 |
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Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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