hactool

hactool is a tool to view information about, decrypt, and extract common file formats for the Nintendo Switch, especially Nintendo Content Archives.

It is heavily inspired by ctrtool.

Usage

Usage: hactool [options...] <file>
Options:
-i, --info        Show file info.
                      This is the default action.
-x, --extract     Extract data from file.
                      This is also the default action.
  -r, --raw          Keep raw data, don't unpack.
  -y, --verify       Verify hashes and signatures.
  -d, --dev          Decrypt with development keys instead of retail.
  -k, --keyset       Load keys from an external file.
  -t, --intype=type  Specify input file type [nca, xci, pfs0, romfs, hfs0, npdm, pk11, pk21, ini1, kip1, nax0, keygen]
  --titlekey=key     Set title key for Rights ID crypto titles.
  --contentkey=key   Set raw key for NCA body decryption.
  --disablekeywarns  Disables warning output when loading external keys.
NCA options:
  --plaintext=file   Specify file path for saving a decrypted copy of the NCA.
  --header=file      Specify Header file path.
  --section0=file    Specify Section 0 file path.
  --section1=file    Specify Section 1 file path.
  --section2=file    Specify Section 2 file path.
  --section3=file    Specify Section 3 file path.
  --section0dir=dir  Specify Section 0 directory path.
  --section1dir=dir  Specify Section 1 directory path.
  --section2dir=dir  Specify Section 2 directory path.
  --section3dir=dir  Specify Section 3 directory path.
  --exefs=file       Specify ExeFS file path. Overrides appropriate section file path.
  --exefsdir=dir     Specify ExeFS directory path. Overrides appropriate section directory path.
  --romfs=file       Specify RomFS file path. Overrides appropriate section file path.
  --romfsdir=dir     Specify RomFS directory path. Overrides appropriate section directory path.
  --listromfs        List files in RomFS.
  --baseromfs        Set Base RomFS to use with update partitions.
  --basenca          Set Base NCA to use with update partitions.
  --basefake         Use a fake Base RomFS with update partitions (all reads will return 0xCC).
  --onlyupdated      Ignore non-updated files in update partitions.
NPDM options:
  --json=file        Specify file path for saving JSON representation of program permissions to.
KIP1 options:
  --json=file        Specify file path for saving JSON representation of program permissions to.
  --uncompressed=f   Specify file path for saving uncompressed KIP1.
NSO0 options:
  --uncompressed=f   Specify file path for saving uncompressed NSO0.
PFS0 options:
  --pfs0dir=dir      Specify PFS0 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify PFS0 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --exefsdir=dir     Specify PFS0 directory path. Overrides previous paths, if present for ExeFS PFS0.
RomFS options:
  --romfsdir=dir     Specify RomFS directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify RomFS directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --listromfs        List files in RomFS.
HFS0 options:
  --hfs0dir=dir      Specify HFS0 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify HFS0 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --exefsdir=dir     Specify HFS0 directory path. Overrides previous paths, if present.
XCI options:
  --rootdir=dir      Specify XCI root HFS0 directory path.
  --updatedir=dir    Specify XCI update HFS0 directory path.
  --normaldir=dir    Specify XCI normal HFS0 directory path.
  --securedir=dir    Specify XCI secure HFS0 directory path.
  --logodir=dir      Specify XCI logo HFS0 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify XCI directory path. Overrides previous paths, if present.
Package1 options:
  --package1dir=dir  Specify Package1 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify Package1 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
Package2 options:
  --package2dir=dir  Specify Package2 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify Package2 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --extractini1      Enable INI1 extraction to default directory (redundant with --ini1dir set).
  --ini1dir=dir      Specify INI1 directory path. Overrides default path, if present.
INI1 options:
  --ini1dir=dir      Specify INI1 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify INI1 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --saveini1json     Enable generation of JSON descriptors for all INI1 members.
NAX0 options:
  --sdseed=seed      Set console unique seed for SD card NAX0 encryption.
  --sdpath=path      Set relative path for NAX0 key derivation (ex: /registered/000000FF/cafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabe.nca).
Key Derivation options:
  --sbk=key          Set console unique Secure Boot Key for key derivation.
  --tseckey=key      Set console unique TSEC Key for key derivation.```

Building

Copy config.mk.template to config.mk, make changes as required, and then run make. If your make is not GNU make (e.g. on BSD variants), you need to call gmake instead.

If on Windows, I recommend using MinGW.

External Keys

External keys can be provided by the -k/--keyset argument to the a keyset filename. Keyset files are text files containing one key per line, in the form "key_name = HEXADECIMALKEY". Case shouldn't matter, nor should whitespace.

In addition, if -k/--keyset is not set, hactool will check for the presence of a keyset file in $HOME/.switch/prod.keys (or $HOME/.switch/dev.keys if -d/--dev is set). If present, this file will automatically be loaded.

Licensing

This software is licensed under the terms of the ISC License.
You can find a copy of the license in the LICENSE file.