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snmp-rce.md |
161,162,10161,10162/udp - Pentesting SNMP
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SNMP - ã·ã³ãã«ãããã¯ãŒã¯ç®¡çãããã³ã«ã¯ããããã¯ãŒã¯å ã®ããŸããŸãªããã€ã¹ïŒã«ãŒã¿ãŒãã¹ã€ãããããªã³ã¿ãŒãIoTãªã©ïŒãç£èŠããããã«äœ¿çšããããããã³ã«ã§ãã
PORT STATE SERVICE REASON VERSION
161/udp open snmp udp-response ttl 244 ciscoSystems SNMPv3 server (public)
{% hint style="info" %} SNMPã¯ã162/UDPããŒãããã©ããã«äœ¿çšããŸããããã¯ãSNMPãµãŒããŒããã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã«æ瀺çã«èŠæ±ãããããšãªãéä¿¡ãããããŒã¿ãã±ããã§ãã {% endhint %}
MIB
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å ±ãä¿åããããã®ç¬ç«ãããã©ãŒãããã§ããMIBã¯ãããã€ã¹ã®ãã¹ãŠã®ã¯ãšãªå¯èœãªSNMPãªããžã§ã¯ããæšæºåãããããªãŒéå±€ã«ãªã¹ããããŠããããã¹ããã¡ã€ã«ã§ããå°ãªããšã1ã€ã®ãªããžã§ã¯ãèå¥åïŒOIDïŒ
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èŠãªäžæã®ã¢ãã¬ã¹ãšååã«å ããŠãã¿ã€ããã¢ã¯ã»ã¹æš©ãããã³ããããã®ãªããžã§ã¯ãã®èª¬æã«é¢ããæ
å ±ãæäŸããŸãã
MIBãã¡ã€ã«ã¯ãæœè±¡æ§æè¡šèšæ³1ïŒASN.1ïŒ
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å ±ããããããããã©ã®ããã«èŠããããç¹å®ã®OIDã«å¯ŸããŠè¿ãããå€ããŸãã¯äœ¿çšãããããŒã¿åã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸãã
OIDs
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MIBãªããžã§ã¯ãIDããŸãã¯OIDã®æäžäœã¬ãã«ã¯ãããŸããŸãªæšæºèšå®æ©é¢ã«å²ãåœãŠãããŠããŸãããããã®äžäœã¬ãã«å ã§ãã°ããŒãã«ãªç®¡çæ £è¡ãšæšæºã®æ çµã¿ã確ç«ãããŸãã
ããã«ããã³ããŒã¯ãã©ã€ããŒããã©ã³ããèšç«ããèªç±ãäžããããŠããŸãããããã®ãã©ã³ãå ã§ã¯ãèªç€Ÿã®è£œåã©ã€ã³ã«é¢é£ãã管çãªããžã§ã¯ããå«ããèªäž»æ§ããããŸãããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãç°ãªããã³ããŒãæšæºã«ãããããŸããŸãªãªããžã§ã¯ããèå¥ã管çããããã®æ§é åãããæ¹æ³ã確ä¿ããŸãã
ããããOIDããªãŒãããã²ãŒãã§ããŸã: http://www.oid-info.com/cgi-bin/display?tree=#focus ãŸãã¯OIDã®æå³ã確èªã§ããŸãïŒäŸãã°1.3.6.1.2.1.1
ïŒ: http://oid-info.com/get/1.3.6.1.2.1.1.
ããç¥ãããOIDã«ã¯ãMIB-2ã§å®çŸ©ãããã·ã³ãã«ãããã¯ãŒã¯ç®¡çãããã³ã«ïŒSNMPïŒå€æ°ãåç
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OIDã®äŸ
1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 4 . 1 . 1452 . 1 . 2 . 5 . 1 . 3. 21 . 1 . 4 . 7
ãã®ã¢ãã¬ã¹ã®å èš³ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- 1 â ããã¯ISOãšåŒã°ãããããOIDã§ããããšã瀺ããŸãããã¹ãŠã®OIDãã1ãã§å§ãŸãçç±ã§ãã
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- 6 â ããã¯dodãŸãã¯åœé²ç·çã§ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããæåã«ç¢ºç«ããçµç¹ã§ãã
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次ã®æ°åã®ã»ããã«é²ã¿ãŸãã
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- 5 â é¢æ£ã¢ã©ãŒã ãã€ã³ãã瀺ããŸãã
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SNMPããŒãžã§ã³
SNMPã«ã¯2ã€ã®éèŠãªããŒãžã§ã³ããããŸãã
- SNMPv1: äž»ãªãã®ã§ãæãé »ç¹ã«äœ¿çšãããŠãããèªèšŒã¯æååïŒã³ãã¥ããã£æååïŒã«åºã¥ããŠãããå¹³æã§éä¿¡ãããŸãïŒãã¹ãŠã®æ å ±ãå¹³æã§éä¿¡ãããŸãïŒãããŒãžã§ã³2ããã³2cãå¹³æã§ãã©ãã£ãã¯ãéä¿¡ããã³ãã¥ããã£æååãèªèšŒãšããŠäœ¿çšããŸãã
- SNMPv3: ããè¯ãèªèšŒåœ¢åŒã䜿çšããæ å ±ã¯æå·åãããŠéä¿¡ãããŸãïŒèŸæžæ»æã¯å®è¡å¯èœã§ãããSNMPv1ããã³v2ãããæ£ããã¯ã¬ãã³ã·ã£ã«ãèŠã€ããã®ãã¯ããã«é£ãããªããŸãïŒã
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OIDã®æžã蟌ã¿å¯èœæ§ã¯äœ¿çšãããã³ãã¥ããã£æååã«äŸåãããããããšããpublicãã䜿çšãããŠããå Žåã§ããããã€ãã®å€ãæžã蟌ãããšãã§ãããããããŸããããŸããåžžã«ãèªã¿åãå°çšãã®ãªããžã§ã¯ããååšããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
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- ãããŒãžã£ãŒã¯ããŒã162ã§éç¥ïŒãã©ããããã³InformRequestsïŒãåä¿¡ããŸãã
- ãã©ã³ã¹ããŒãå±€ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãŸãã¯ããŒã¿ã°ã©ã ãã©ã³ã¹ããŒãå±€ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã䜿çšããå Žåããªã¯ãšã¹ãã¯ããŒã10161ã§åä¿¡ãããéç¥ã¯ããŒã10162ã«éä¿¡ãããŸãã
ãã«ãŒããã©ãŒã¹ã³ãã¥ããã£æååïŒv1ããã³v2cïŒ
ã³ãã¥ããã£æååãæšæž¬ããããã«èŸæžæ»æãå®è¡ããããšãã§ããŸããSNMPã«å¯Ÿãããã«ãŒããã©ãŒã¹æ»æãå®è¡ããããŸããŸãªæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãã¡ãã確èªããŠãã ããããã䜿çšãããã³ãã¥ããã£æååã¯public
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SNMPã®åæ
ããã€ã¹ããåéããåOIDã®æå³ã確èªããããã«ã以äžãã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ããããšããå§ãããŸã:
apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader
download-mibs
# Finally comment the line saying "mibs :" in /etc/snmp/snmp.conf
sudo vi /etc/snmp/snmp.conf
æå¹ãªã³ãã¥ããã£æååãããã£ãŠããã°ãSNMPWalkãŸãã¯SNMP-Checkã䜿çšããŠããŒã¿ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããŸãïŒ
snmpbulkwalk -c [COMM_STRING] -v [VERSION] [IP] . #Don't forget the final dot
snmpbulkwalk -c public -v2c 10.10.11.136 .
snmpwalk -v [VERSION_SNMP] -c [COMM_STRING] [DIR_IP]
snmpwalk -v [VERSION_SNMP] -c [COMM_STRING] [DIR_IP] 1.3.6.1.2.1.4.34.1.3 #Get IPv6, needed dec2hex
snmpwalk -v [VERSION_SNMP] -c [COMM_STRING] [DIR_IP] NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB::nsExtendObjects #get extended
snmpwalk -v [VERSION_SNMP] -c [COMM_STRING] [DIR_IP] .1 #Enum all
snmp-check [DIR_IP] -p [PORT] -c [COMM_STRING]
nmap --script "snmp* and not snmp-brute" <target>
braa <community string>@<IP>:.1.3.6.* #Bruteforce specific OID
extended queries (download-mibs)ã®ãããã§ã次ã®ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŠã·ã¹ãã ã«ã€ããŠããã«å€ãã®æ å ±ãåæããããšãå¯èœã§ãïŒ
snmpwalk -v X -c public <IP> NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB::nsExtendOutputFull
SNMP ã¯ãã¹ãã«é¢ããå€ãã®æ å ±ãæã£ãŠãããèå³æ·±ããã®ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªãã®ããããŸã: ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ïŒIPv4ããã³IPv6ã¢ãã¬ã¹ïŒããŠãŒã¶ãŒåã皌åæéããµãŒããŒ/OSããŒãžã§ã³ãããã³ããã»ã¹
å®è¡äžïŒãã¹ã¯ãŒããå«ãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãïŒ....
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rwuser noauth
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rwcommunity
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Microsoft Windowsã®SNMPãã©ã¡ãŒã¿
äžé£ã®ç®¡çæ å ±ããŒã¹ïŒMIBïŒå€ããSNMPãéããŠWindowsã·ã¹ãã ã®ããŸããŸãªåŽé¢ãç£èŠããããã«å©çšãããŸãïŒ
- ã·ã¹ãã ããã»ã¹:
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.6.0
ãä»ããŠã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã·ã¹ãã å ã®ã¢ã¯ãã£ããªããã»ã¹ã®ç£èŠãå¯èœã«ããŸãã - å®è¡äžã®ããã°ã©ã :
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2
ã®å€ã¯ãçŸåšå®è¡äžã®ããã°ã©ã ã远跡ããããã«æå®ãããŠããŸãã - ããã»ã¹ãã¹: ããã»ã¹ãã©ãããå®è¡ãããŠããããç¹å®ããããã«ã
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.4
ã®MIBå€ã䜿çšãããŸãã - ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžãŠããã: ã¹ãã¬ãŒãžãŠãããã®ç£èŠã¯
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.2.3.1.4
ã«ãã£ãŠä¿é²ãããŸãã - ãœãããŠã§ã¢å: ã·ã¹ãã ã«ã€ã³ã¹ããŒã«ãããŠãããœãããŠã§ã¢ãç¹å®ããããã«ã
1.3.6.1.2.1.25.6.3.1.2
ã䜿çšãããŸãã - ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¢ã«ãŠã³ã:
1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25
ã®å€ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã®è¿œè·¡ãå¯èœã«ããŸãã - TCPããŒã«ã«ããŒã: æåŸã«ã
1.3.6.1.2.1.6.13.1.3
ã¯TCPããŒã«ã«ããŒãã®ç£èŠã«æå®ãããŠãããã¢ã¯ãã£ããªãããã¯ãŒã¯æ¥ç¶ã«é¢ããæŽå¯ãæäŸããŸãã
Cisco
Ciscoæ©åšã䜿çšããŠããå Žåã¯ããã®ããŒãžãåç §ããŠãã ããïŒ
{% content-ref url="cisco-snmp.md" %} cisco-snmp.md {% endcontent-ref %}
SNMPããRCEãž
SNMPãµãŒãã¹å ã§å€ãæžã蟌ãããšãèš±å¯ããã¹ããªã³ã°ãæã£ãŠããå ŽåããããæªçšããŠã³ãã³ããå®è¡ã§ãããããããŸããïŒ
{% content-ref url="snmp-rce.md" %} snmp-rce.md {% endcontent-ref %}
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Braaã¯ã倧èŠæš¡ãªSNMPã¹ãã£ããŒã§ãããã®ãããªããŒã«ã®æå³ããã䜿çšæ³ã¯ãã¡ãããSNMPã¯ãšãªãè¡ãããšã§ãããnet-snmpã®snmpwalkãšã¯ç°ãªããæ°åãŸãã¯æ°çŸã®ãã¹ãã«åæã«ããã€åäžã®ããã»ã¹ã§ã¯ãšãªãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãããããã£ãŠãéåžžã«å°ãªãã·ã¹ãã ãªãœãŒã¹ãæ¶è²»ããéåžžã«éãã¹ãã£ã³ãè¡ããŸãã
Braaã¯ç¬èªã®SNMPã¹ã¿ãã¯ãå®è£ ããŠãããããnet-snmpã®ãããªSNMPã©ã€ãã©ãªã¯å¿ èŠãããŸããã
æ§æ: braa [ã³ãã¥ããã£ã¹ããªã³ã°]@[[SNMPãµãŒããŒã®IP]:[iso id]
braa ignite123@192.168.1.125:.1.3.6.*
ããã¯æåã§åŠçã§ããªãå€ãã®MBã®æ å ±ãæœåºã§ããŸãã
ã§ã¯ãæãèå³æ·±ãæ å ±ãèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããïŒhttps://blog.rapid7.com/2016/05/05/snmp-data-harvesting-during-penetration-testing/ããïŒ:
ããã€ã¹
ããã»ã¹ã¯ãåãã¡ã€ã«ããããã€ã¹ãç¹å®ããããã«sysDesc MIBããŒã¿ïŒ1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0ïŒãæœåºããããšããå§ãŸããŸããããã¯grepã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŠå®çŸãããŸã:
grep ".1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0" *.snmp
ãã©ã€ããŒãæååã®ç¹å®
éèŠãªã¹ãããã¯ãç¹ã«Cisco IOSã«ãŒã¿ãŒã§äœ¿çšããããã©ã€ããŒãã³ãã¥ããã£æååãç¹å®ããããšã§ãããã®æååã¯ãã«ãŒã¿ãŒããå®è¡äžã®èšå®ãæœåºããããšãå¯èœã«ããŸããç¹å®ã¯ãgrepã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŠãtrapããšããåèªãå«ãSNMPãã©ããããŒã¿ãåæããããšã«äŸåããããšãå€ãã§ãã
grep -i "trap" *.snmp
ãŠãŒã¶ãŒå/ãã¹ã¯ãŒã
MIBããŒãã«ã«ä¿åããããã°ã¯ããã°ãªã³è©Šè¡ã®å€±æã調æ»ããããã«æ€æ»ãããããã«ã¯ãŠãŒã¶ãŒåãšããŠå ¥åããããã¹ã¯ãŒããå¶ç¶å«ãŸããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããfailãfailedããŸã㯠login ãªã©ã®ããŒã¯ãŒããã貎éãªããŒã¿ãèŠã€ããããã«æ€çŽ¢ãããŸã:
grep -i "login\|fail" *.snmp
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- snmp.conf
- snmpd.conf
- snmp-config.xml
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{% embed url="https://www.stmcyber.com/careers" %}
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Protocol_Name: SNMP #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
Port_Number: 161 #Comma separated if there is more than one.
Protocol_Description: Simple Network Managment Protocol #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out
Entry_1:
Name: Notes
Description: Notes for SNMP
Note: |
SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol is a protocol used to monitor different devices in the network (like routers, switches, printers, IoTs...).
https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-snmp
Entry_2:
Name: SNMP Check
Description: Enumerate SNMP
Command: snmp-check {IP}
Entry_3:
Name: OneSixtyOne
Description: Crack SNMP passwords
Command: onesixtyone -c /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/common-snmp-community-strings-onesixtyone.txt {IP} -w 100
Entry_4:
Name: Nmap
Description: Nmap snmp (no brute)
Command: nmap --script "snmp* and not snmp-brute" {IP}
Entry_5:
Name: Hydra Brute Force
Description: Need Nothing
Command: hydra -P {Big_Passwordlist} -v {IP} snmp
{% hint style="success" %}
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