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hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/8009-pentesting-apache-jserv-protocol-ajp.md

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# 8009 - Pentesting Apache JServ Protocol (AJP)
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## Basic Information
From: [https://diablohorn.com/2011/10/19/8009-the-forgotten-tomcat-port/](https://diablohorn.com/2011/10/19/8009-the-forgotten-tomcat-port/)
> AJP je protokol za prenos podataka. To je optimizovana verzija HTTP protokola koja omogućava samostalnom web serveru kao što je [Apache](http://httpd.apache.org/) da komunicira sa Tomcat-om. Istorijski gledano, Apache je bio mnogo brži od Tomcat-a u posluženju statičkog sadržaja. Ideja je da se Apache koristi za posluživanje statičkog sadržaja kada je to moguće, ali da se zahtev prosledi Tomcat-u za sadržaj vezan za Tomcat.
Takođe zanimljivo:
> AJP13 protokol je orijentisan na pakete. Binarni format je verovatno izabran umesto čitljivijeg običnog teksta iz razloga performansi. Web server komunicira sa servlet kontejnerom preko TCP veza. Da bi se smanjio skupi proces kreiranja soketa, web server će pokušati da održava trajne TCP veze sa servlet kontejnerom i da ponovo koristi vezu za više ciklusa zahtev/odgovor.
**Default port:** 8009
```
PORT STATE SERVICE
8009/tcp open ajp13
```
## CVE-2020-1938 ['Ghostcat'](https://www.chaitin.cn/en/ghostcat)
Ako je AJP port izložen, Tomcat može biti podložan Ghostcat ranjivosti. Ovde je [eksploit](https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48143) koji funkcioniše sa ovim problemom.
Ghostcat je LFI ranjivost, ali donekle ograničena: samo datoteke iz određenog puta mogu biti preuzete. Ipak, to može uključivati datoteke kao što su `WEB-INF/web.xml` koje mogu otkriti važne informacije kao što su akreditivi za Tomcat interfejs, u zavisnosti od podešavanja servera.
Ispravljene verzije 9.0.31 i više, 8.5.51 i 7.0.100 su rešile ovaj problem.
## Enumeration
### Automatic
```bash
nmap -sV --script ajp-auth,ajp-headers,ajp-methods,ajp-request -n -p 8009 <IP>
```
### [**Brute force**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#ajp)
## AJP Proxy
### Nginx Reverse Proxy & AJP
[Proverite Dockerizovanu verziju](8009-pentesting-apache-jserv-protocol-ajp.md#Dockerized-version)
Kada naiđemo na otvoren AJP proxy port (8009 TCP), možemo koristiti Nginx sa `ajp_module` za pristup "skrivenom" Tomcat Manager-u. Ovo se može uraditi kompajliranjem Nginx izvornog koda i dodavanjem potrebnog modula, na sledeći način:
* Preuzmite Nginx izvorni kod
* Preuzmite potrebni modul
* Kompajlirajte Nginx izvorni kod sa `ajp_module`.
* Kreirajte konfiguracioni fajl koji pokazuje na AJP Port
```bash
# Download Nginx code
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.3.tar.gz
tar -xzvf nginx-1.21.3.tar.gz
# Compile Nginx source code with the ajp module
git clone https://github.com/dvershinin/nginx_ajp_module.git
cd nginx-1.21.3
sudo apt install libpcre3-dev
./configure --add-module=`pwd`/../nginx_ajp_module --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules
make
sudo make install
nginx -V
```
Komentarišite ceo `server` blok i dodajte sledeće linije unutar `http` bloka u `/etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf`.
```shell-session
upstream tomcats {
server <TARGET_SERVER>:8009;
keepalive 10;
}
server {
listen 80;
location / {
ajp_keep_conn on;
ajp_pass tomcats;
}
}
```
Pokrenite Nginx i proverite da li sve funkcioniše ispravno tako što ćete poslati cURL zahtev na vaš lokalni host.
```html
sudo nginx
curl http://127.0.0.1:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Apache Tomcat/X.X.XX</title>
<link href="favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" />
<link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" />
<link href="tomcat.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</headas
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="navigation" class="curved container">
<span id="nav-home"><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/">Home</a></span>
<span id="nav-hosts"><a href="/docs/">Documentation</a></span>
<span id="nav-config"><a href="/docs/config/">Configuration</a></span>
<span id="nav-examples"><a href="/examples/">Examples</a></span>
<span id="nav-wiki"><a href="https://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></span>
<span id="nav-lists"><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></span>
<span id="nav-help"><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a></span>
<br class="separator" />
</div>
<div id="asf-box">
<h1>Apache Tomcat/X.X.XX</h1>
</div>
<div id="upper" class="curved container">
<div id="congrats" class="curved container">
<h2>If you're seeing this, you've successfully installed Tomcat. Congratulations!</h2>
<SNIP>
```
### Nginx Dockerizovana verzija
```bash
git clone https://github.com/ScribblerCoder/nginx-ajp-docker
cd nginx-ajp-docker
```
Zamenite `TARGET-IP` u `nginx.conf` sa AJP IP, a zatim izgradite i pokrenite.
```bash
docker build . -t nginx-ajp-proxy
docker run -it --rm -p 80:80 nginx-ajp-proxy
```
### Apache AJP Proxy
Susret sa otvorenim portom 8009 bez drugih dostupnih web portova je retkost. Ipak, moguće je iskoristiti ga koristeći **Metasploit**. Korišćenjem **Apache** kao proksija, zahtevi se mogu preusmeriti na **Tomcat** na portu 8009.
```bash
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-jk
sudo vim /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # append the following line to the config
Include ajp.conf
sudo vim /etc/apache2/ajp.conf # create the following file, change HOST to the target address
ProxyRequests Off
<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from localhost
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / ajp://HOST:8009/
ProxyPassReverse / ajp://HOST:8009/
sudo a2enmod proxy_http
sudo a2enmod proxy_ajp
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```
Ova postavka nudi potencijal za zaobilaženje sistema za detekciju i prevenciju upada (IDS/IPS) zbog **binarne prirode AJP protokola**, iako ova sposobnost nije verifikovana. Usmeravanjem redovnog Metasploit Tomcat eksploita na `127.0.0.1:80`, možete efikasno preuzeti kontrolu nad ciljnim sistemom.
```bash
msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > show options
```
## Reference
* [https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx\_ajp\_module](https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx\_ajp\_module)
* [https://academy.hackthebox.com/module/145/section/1295](https://academy.hackthebox.com/module/145/section/1295)
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