# Volatility - CheatSheet
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โ€‹
โ€‹โ€‹[**RootedCON**](https://www.rootedcon.com/) is the most relevant cybersecurity event in **Spain** and one of the most important in **Europe**. With **the mission of promoting technical knowledge**, this congress is a boiling meeting point for technology and cybersecurity professionals in every discipline. {% embed url="https://www.rootedcon.com/" %} If you want something **fast and crazy** that will launch several Volatility plugins on parallel you can use: [https://github.com/carlospolop/autoVolatility](https://github.com/carlospolop/autoVolatility) ```bash python autoVolatility.py -f MEMFILE -d OUT_DIRECTORY -e /home/user/tools/volatility/vol.py # It will use the most important plugins (could use a lot of space depending on the size of the memory) ``` ## Installation ### volatility3 ```bash git clone https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/volatility3.git cd volatility3 python3 setup.py install python3 vol.py โ€”h ``` ### volatility2 {% tabs %} {% tab title="Method1" %} ``` Download the executable from https://www.volatilityfoundation.org/26 ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="Method 2" %} ```bash git clone https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/volatility.git cd volatility python setup.py install ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ## Volatility Commands Access the official doc in [Volatility command reference](https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/volatility/wiki/Command-Reference#kdbgscan) ### A note on โ€œlistโ€ vs. โ€œscanโ€ plugins Volatility has two main approaches to plugins, which are sometimes reflected in their names. โ€œlistโ€ plugins will try to navigate through Windows Kernel structures to retrieve information like processes (locate and walk the linked list of `_EPROCESS` structures in memory), OS handles (locating and listing the handle table, dereferencing any pointers found, etc). They more or less behave like the Windows API would if requested to, for example, list processes. That makes โ€œlistโ€ plugins pretty fast, but just as vulnerable as the Windows API to manipulation by malware. For instance, if malware uses DKOM to unlink a process from the `_EPROCESS` linked list, it wonโ€™t show up in the Task Manager and neither will it in the pslist. โ€œscanโ€ plugins, on the other hand, will take an approach similar to carving the memory for things that might make sense when dereferenced as specific structures. `psscan` for instance will read the memory and try to make`_EPROCESS` objects out of it (it uses pool-tag scanning, which is searching for 4-byte strings that indicate the presence of a structure of interest). The advantage is that it can dig up processes that have exited, and even if malware tampers with the `_EPROCESS` linked list, the plugin will still find the structure lying around in memory (since it still needs to exist for the process to run). The downfall is that โ€œscanโ€ plugins are a bit slower than โ€œlistโ€ plugins, and can sometimes yield false positives (a process that exited too long ago and had parts of its structure overwritten by other operations). From: [http://tomchop.me/2016/11/21/tutorial-volatility-plugins-malware-analysis/](http://tomchop.me/2016/11/21/tutorial-volatility-plugins-malware-analysis/) ## OS Profiles ### Volatility3 As explained inside the readme you need to put the **symbol table of the OS** you want to support inside _volatility3/volatility/symbols_.\ Symbol table packs for the various operating systems are available for **download** at: * [https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/windows.zip](https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/windows.zip) * [https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/mac.zip](https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/mac.zip) * [https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/linux.zip](https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/linux.zip) ### Volatility2 #### External Profile You can get the list of supported profiles doing: ```bash ./volatility_2.6_lin64_standalone --info | grep "Profile" ``` If you want to use a **new profile you have downloaded** (for example a linux one) you need to create somewhere the following folder structure: _plugins/overlays/linux_ and put inside this folder the zip file containing the profile. Then, get the number of the profiles using: ```bash ./vol --plugins=/home/kali/Desktop/ctfs/final/plugins --info Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6 Profiles -------- LinuxCentOS7_3_10_0-123_el7_x86_64_profilex64 - A Profile for Linux CentOS7_3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64_profile x64 VistaSP0x64 - A Profile for Windows Vista SP0 x64 VistaSP0x86 - A Profile for Windows Vista SP0 x86 ``` You can **download Linux and Mac profiles** from [https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/profiles](https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/profiles) In the previous chunk you can see that the profile is called `LinuxCentOS7_3_10_0-123_el7_x86_64_profilex64`, and you can use it to execute something like: ```bash ./vol -f file.dmp --plugins=. --profile=LinuxCentOS7_3_10_0-123_el7_x86_64_profilex64 linux_netscan ``` #### Discover Profile ``` volatility imageinfo -f file.dmp volatility kdbgscan -f file.dmp ``` #### **Differences between imageinfo and kdbgscan** As opposed to imageinfo which simply provides profile suggestions, **kdbgscan** is designed to positively identify the correct profile and the correct KDBG address (if there happen to be multiple). This plugin scans for the KDBGHeader signatures linked to Volatility profiles and applies sanity checks to reduce false positives. The verbosity of the output and the number of sanity checks that can be performed depends on whether Volatility can find a DTB, so if you already know the correct profile (or if you have a profile suggestion from imageinfo), then make sure you use it (from [here](https://www.andreafortuna.org/2017/06/25/volatility-my-own-cheatsheet-part-1-image-identification/)). Always take a look at the **number of processes that kdbgscan has found**. Sometimes imageinfo and kdbgscan can find **more than one** suitable **profile** but only the **valid one will have some process related** (This is because to extract processes the correct KDBG address is needed) ```bash # GOOD PsActiveProcessHead : 0xfffff800011977f0 (37 processes) PsLoadedModuleList : 0xfffff8000119aae0 (116 modules) ``` ```bash # BAD PsActiveProcessHead : 0xfffff800011947f0 (0 processes) PsLoadedModuleList : 0xfffff80001197ac0 (0 modules) ``` #### KDBG The **kernel debugger block** (named KdDebuggerDataBlock of the type \_KDDEBUGGER\_DATA64, or **KDBG** by volatility) is important for many things that Volatility and debuggers do. For example, it has a reference to the PsActiveProcessHead which is the list head of all processes required for process listing. ## OS Information ```bash #vol3 has a plugin to give OS information (note that imageinfo from vol2 will give you OS info) ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.info.Info ``` The plugin `banners.Banners` can be used in **vol3 to try to find linux banners** in the dump. ## Hashes/Passwords Extract SAM hashes, [domain cached credentials](../../../windows-hardening/stealing-credentials/credentials-protections.md#cached-credentials) and [lsa secrets](../../../windows-hardening/authentication-credentials-uac-and-efs.md#lsa-secrets). {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.hashdump.Hashdump #Grab common windows hashes (SAM+SYSTEM) ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.cachedump.Cachedump #Grab domain cache hashes inside the registry ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.lsadump.Lsadump #Grab lsa secrets ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 hashdump -f file.dmp #Grab common windows hashes (SAM+SYSTEM) volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 cachedump -f file.dmp #Grab domain cache hashes inside the registry volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 lsadump -f file.dmp #Grab lsa secrets ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ## Memory Dump The memory dump of a process will **extract everything** of the current status of the process. The **procdump** module will only **extract** the **code**. ``` volatility -f file.dmp --profile=Win7SP1x86 memdump -p 2168 -D conhost/ ``` โ€‹
โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹[**RootedCON**](https://www.rootedcon.com/) is the most relevant cybersecurity event in **Spain** and one of the most important in **Europe**. With **the mission of promoting technical knowledge**, this congress is a boiling meeting point for technology and cybersecurity professionals in every discipline. {% embed url="https://www.rootedcon.com/" %} ## Processes ### List processes Try to find **suspicious** processes (by name) or **unexpected** child **processes** (for example a cmd.exe as a child of iexplorer.exe).\ It could be interesting to **compare** the result of pslist with the one of psscan to identify hidden processes. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.pstree.PsTree # Get processes tree (not hidden) python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.pslist.PsList # Get process list (EPROCESS) python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.psscan.PsScan # Get hidden process list(malware) ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=PROFILE pstree -f file.dmp # Get process tree (not hidden) volatility --profile=PROFILE pslist -f file.dmp # Get process list (EPROCESS) volatility --profile=PROFILE psscan -f file.dmp # Get hidden process list(malware) volatility --profile=PROFILE psxview -f file.dmp # Get hidden process list ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Dump proc {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.dumpfiles.DumpFiles --pid #Dump the .exe and dlls of the process in the current directory ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 procdump --pid=3152 -n --dump-dir=. -f file.dmp ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Command line Anything suspicious was executed? {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.cmdline.CmdLine #Display process command-line arguments ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=PROFILE cmdline -f file.dmp #Display process command-line arguments volatility --profile=PROFILE consoles -f file.dmp #command history by scanning for _CONSOLE_INFORMATION ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} Commands entered into cmd.exe are processed by **conhost.exe** (csrss.exe prior to Windows 7). So even if an attacker managed to **kill the cmd.exe** **prior** to us obtaining a memory **dump**, there is still a good chance of **recovering history** of the command line session from **conhost.exeโ€™s memory**. If you find **something weird** (using the console's modules), try to **dump** the **memory** of the **conhost.exe associated** process and **search** for **strings** inside it to extract the command lines. ### Environment Get the env variables of each running process. There could be some interesting values. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.envars.Envars [--pid ] #Display process environment variables ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=PROFILE envars -f file.dmp [--pid ] #Display process environment variables volatility --profile=PROFILE -f file.dmp linux_psenv [-p ] #Get env of process. runlevel var means the runlevel where the proc is initated ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Token privileges Check for privileges tokens in unexpected services.\ It could be interesting to list the processes using some privileged token. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash #Get enabled privileges of some processes python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.privileges.Privs [--pid ] #Get all processes with interesting privileges python3 vol.py -f file.dmp windows.privileges.Privs | grep "SeImpersonatePrivilege\|SeAssignPrimaryPrivilege\|SeTcbPrivilege\|SeBackupPrivilege\|SeRestorePrivilege\|SeCreateTokenPrivilege\|SeLoadDriverPrivilege\|SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege\|SeDebugPrivilege" ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash #Get enabled privileges of some processes volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 privs --pid=3152 -f file.dmp | grep Enabled #Get all processes with interesting privileges volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 privs -f file.dmp | grep "SeImpersonatePrivilege\|SeAssignPrimaryPrivilege\|SeTcbPrivilege\|SeBackupPrivilege\|SeRestorePrivilege\|SeCreateTokenPrivilege\|SeLoadDriverPrivilege\|SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege\|SeDebugPrivilege" ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### SIDs Check each SSID owned by a process.\ It could be interesting to list the processes using a privileges SID (and the processes using some service SID). {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.getsids.GetSIDs [--pid ] #Get SIDs of processes ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.getservicesids.GetServiceSIDs #Get the SID of services ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 getsids -f file.dmp #Get the SID owned by each process volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 getservicesids -f file.dmp #Get the SID of each service ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Handles Useful to know to which other files, keys, threads, processes... a **process has a handle** for (has opened) {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash vol.py -f file.dmp windows.handles.Handles [--pid ] ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp handles [--pid=] ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### DLLs {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.dlllist.DllList [--pid ] #List dlls used by each ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.dumpfiles.DumpFiles --pid #Dump the .exe and dlls of the process in the current directory process ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 dlllist --pid=3152 -f file.dmp #Get dlls of a proc volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 dlldump --pid=3152 --dump-dir=. -f file.dmp #Dump dlls of a proc ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Strings per processes Volatility allows us to check which process a string belongs to. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash strings file.dmp > /tmp/strings.txt ./vol.py -f /tmp/file.dmp windows.strings.Strings --strings-file /tmp/strings.txt ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash strings file.dmp > /tmp/strings.txt volatility -f /tmp/file.dmp windows.strings.Strings --string-file /tmp/strings.txt volatility -f /tmp/file.dmp --profile=Win81U1x64 memdump -p 3532 --dump-dir . strings 3532.dmp > strings_file ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} It also allows to search for strings inside a process using the yarascan module: {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.vadyarascan.VadYaraScan --yara-rules "https://" --pid 3692 3840 3976 3312 3084 2784 ./vol.py -f file.dmp yarascan.YaraScan --yara-rules "https://" ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 yarascan -Y "https://" -p 3692,3840,3976,3312,3084,2784 ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### UserAssist **Windows** systems maintain a set of **keys** in the registry database (**UserAssist keys**) to keep track of programs that are executed. The number of executions and last execution date and time is available in these **keys**. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.registry.userassist.UserAssist ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ``` volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp userassist ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} โ€‹
โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹โ€‹[**RootedCON**](https://www.rootedcon.com/) is the most relevant cybersecurity event in **Spain** and one of the most important in **Europe**. With **the mission of promoting technical knowledge**, this congress is a boiling meeting point for technology and cybersecurity professionals in every discipline. {% embed url="https://www.rootedcon.com/" %} ## Services {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.svcscan.SvcScan #List services ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.getservicesids.GetServiceSIDs #Get the SID of services ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash #Get services and binary path volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 svcscan -f file.dmp #Get name of the services and SID (slow) volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 getservicesids -f file.dmp ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ## Network {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.netscan.NetScan #For network info of linux use volatility2 ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 netscan -f file.dmp volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 connections -f file.dmp#XP and 2003 only volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 connscan -f file.dmp#TCP connections volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 sockscan -f file.dmp#Open sockets volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 sockets -f file.dmp#Scanner for tcp socket objects volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_ifconfig volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_netstat volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_netfilter volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_arp #ARP table volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_list_raw #Processes using promiscuous raw sockets (comm between processes) volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_route_cache ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ## Registry hive ### Print available hives {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.registry.hivelist.HiveList #List roots ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.registry.printkey.PrintKey #List roots and get initial subkeys ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp hivelist #List roots volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp printkey #List roots and get initial subkeys ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Get a value {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.registry.printkey.PrintKey --key "Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion" ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 printkey -K "Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion" -f file.dmp # Get Run binaries registry value volatility -f file.dmp --profile=Win7SP1x86 printkey -o 0x9670e9d0 -K 'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run' ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Dump ```bash #Dump a hive volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 hivedump -o 0x9aad6148 -f file.dmp #Offset extracted by hivelist #Dump all hives volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 hivedump -f file.dmp ``` ## Filesystem ### Mount {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash #See vol2 ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_mount volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_recover_filesystem #Dump the entire filesystem (if possible) ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Scan/dump {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.filescan.FileScan #Scan for files inside the dump ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.dumpfiles.DumpFiles --physaddr <0xAAAAA> #Offset from previous command ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 filescan -f file.dmp #Scan for files inside the dump volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 dumpfiles -n --dump-dir=/tmp -f file.dmp #Dump all files volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 dumpfiles -n --dump-dir=/tmp -Q 0x000000007dcaa620 -f file.dmp volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_enumerate_files volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_find_file -F /path/to/file volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_find_file -i 0xINODENUMBER -O /path/to/dump/file ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Master File Table {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash # I couldn't find any plugin to extract this information in volatility3 ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 mftparser -f file.dmp ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} The NTFS file system contains a file called the _master file table_, or MFT. There is at least one entry in the MFT for every file on an NTFS file system volume, including the MFT itself. **All information about a file, including its size, time and date stamps, permissions, and data content**, is stored either in MFT entries, or in space outside the MFT that is described by MFT entries. From [here](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/master-file-table). ### SSL Keys/Certs {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash #vol3 allows to search for certificates inside the registry ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.registry.certificates.Certificates ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash #vol2 allos you to search and dump certificates from memory #Interesting options for this modules are: --pid, --name, --ssl volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 dumpcerts --dump-dir=. -f file.dmp ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ## Malware {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.malfind.Malfind [--dump] #Find hidden and injected code, [dump each suspicious section] #Malfind will search for suspicious structures related to malware ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.driverirp.DriverIrp #Driver IRP hook detection ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.ssdt.SSDT #Check system call address from unexpected addresses ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.check_afinfo.Check_afinfo #Verifies the operation function pointers of network protocols ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.check_creds.Check_creds #Checks if any processes are sharing credential structures ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.check_idt.Check_idt #Checks if the IDT has been altered ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.check_syscall.Check_syscall #Check system call table for hooks ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.check_modules.Check_modules #Compares module list to sysfs info, if available ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.tty_check.tty_check #Checks tty devices for hooks ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp malfind [-D /tmp] #Find hidden and injected code [dump each suspicious section] volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp apihooks #Detect API hooks in process and kernel memory volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp driverirp #Driver IRP hook detection volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp ssdt #Check system call address from unexpected addresses volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_afinfo volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_creds volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_fop volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_idt volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_syscall volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_modules volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_check_tty volatility --profile=SomeLinux -f file.dmp linux_keyboard_notifiers #Keyloggers ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Scanning with yara Use this script to download and merge all the yara malware rules from github: [https://gist.github.com/andreafortuna/29c6ea48adf3d45a979a78763cdc7ce9](https://gist.github.com/andreafortuna/29c6ea48adf3d45a979a78763cdc7ce9)\ Create the _**rules**_ directory and execute it. This will create a file called _**malware\_rules.yar**_ which contains all the yara rules for malware. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/andreafortuna/29c6ea48adf3d45a979a78763cdc7ce9/raw/4ec711d37f1b428b63bed1f786b26a0654aa2f31/malware_yara_rules.py mkdir rules python malware_yara_rules.py #Only Windows ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.vadyarascan.VadYaraScan --yara-file /tmp/malware_rules.yar #All ./vol.py -f file.dmp yarascan.YaraScan --yara-file /tmp/malware_rules.yar ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/andreafortuna/29c6ea48adf3d45a979a78763cdc7ce9/raw/4ec711d37f1b428b63bed1f786b26a0654aa2f31/malware_yara_rules.py mkdir rules python malware_yara_rules.py volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 yarascan -y malware_rules.yar -f ch2.dmp | grep "Rule:" | grep -v "Str_Win32" | sort | uniq ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ## MISC ### External plugins If you want to use external plugins make sure that the folders related to the plugins are the first parameter used. {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py --plugin-dirs "/tmp/plugins/" [...] ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatilitye --plugins="/tmp/plugins/" [...] ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} #### Autoruns Download it from [https://github.com/tomchop/volatility-autoruns](https://github.com/tomchop/volatility-autoruns) ``` volatility --plugins=volatility-autoruns/ --profile=WinXPSP2x86 -f file.dmp autoruns ``` ### Mutexes {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ``` ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.mutantscan.MutantScan ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 mutantscan -f file.dmp volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp handles -p -t mutant ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Symlinks {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.symlinkscan.SymlinkScan ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp symlinkscan ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Bash It's possible to **read from memory the bash history.** You could also dump the _.bash\_history_ file, but it was disabled you will be glad you can use this volatility module {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ``` ./vol.py -f file.dmp linux.bash.Bash ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ``` volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp linux_bash ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### TimeLine {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ```bash ./vol.py -f file.dmp timeLiner.TimeLiner ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ``` volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f timeliner ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Drivers {% tabs %} {% tab title="vol3" %} ``` ./vol.py -f file.dmp windows.driverscan.DriverScan ``` {% endtab %} {% tab title="vol2" %} ```bash volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 -f file.dmp driverscan ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} ### Get clipboard ```bash #Just vol2 volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 clipboard -f file.dmp ``` ### Get IE history ```bash #Just vol2 volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 iehistory -f file.dmp ``` ### Get notepad text ```bash #Just vol2 volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 notepad -f file.dmp ``` ### Screenshot ```bash #Just vol2 volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 screenshot -f file.dmp ``` ### Master Boot Record (MBR) ``` volatility --profile=Win7SP1x86_23418 mbrparser -f file.dmp ``` The MBR holds the information on how the logical partitions, containing [file systems](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File\_system), are organized on that medium. The MBR also contains executable code to function as a loader for the installed operating systemโ€”usually by passing control over to the loader's [second stage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-stage\_boot\_loader), or in conjunction with each partition's [volume boot record](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume\_boot\_record) (VBR). This MBR code is usually referred to as a [boot loader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boot\_loader). From [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master\_boot\_record). โ€‹
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