# XSLT Server Side Injection (Extensible Stylesheet Languaje Transformations)
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It is used to transform XML documents in another kind. Versions: 1, 2 and 3 (1 is the most used).\
The transformation can be done in the server or in the browser).
The most used frameworks are: **Libxslt** (Gnome), **Xalan** (Apache) and **Saxon** (Saxonica).
In order to exploit this kind of vulnerability you need to be able to store xsl tags in the server side and then access that content. An example of this kind of vulnerability can be found on [https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/](https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/)
## Example - Tutorial
```bash
sudo apt-get install default-jdk
sudo apt-get install libsaxonb-java libsaxon-java
```
{% code title="xml.xml" %}
```markup
CD Title
The artist
Da Company
10000
1760
```
{% endcode %}
{% code title="xsl.xsl" %}
```markup
The Super title
```
{% endcode %}
Execute:
```markup
$ saxonb-xslt -xsl:xsl.xsl xml.xml
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of xsl.xsl:
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
The Super title
| Title |
artist |
| CD Title |
The artist |
```
### Fingerprint
{% code title="detection.xsl" %}
```markup
Version:
Vendor:
Vendor URL:
Product Name:
Product Version:
Is Schema Aware ?:
Supports Serialization:
Supports Backwards Compatibility:
```
{% endcode %}
And execute
```markup
$saxonb-xslt -xsl:detection.xsl xml.xml
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of detection.xsl:
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
XSLT identification
Version:2.0
Vendor:SAXON 9.1.0.8 from Saxonica
Vendor URL:http://www.saxonica.com/
```
### Read Local File
{% code title="read.xsl" %}
```markup
```
{% endcode %}
```markup
$ saxonb-xslt -xsl:read.xsl xml.xml
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 1 column 111 of read.xsl:
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
```
### SSRF
```markup
```
### Versions
There might be more or less functions depending on the XSLT version used:
* [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10/)
* [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/)
* [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30/)
## Fingerprint
Upload this and take information
```markup
Version:
Vendor:
Vendor URL:
Product Name:
Product Version:
Is Schema Aware ?:
Supports Serialization:
Supports Backwards Compatibility:
```
## SSRF
```markup
```
## Javascript Injection
```markup
```
## Directory listing (PHP)
### **Opendir + readdir**
```markup
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
```
### **Assert (var\_dump + scandir + false)**
```markup
```
## Read files
### **Internal - PHP**
```markup
```
### **Internal - XXE**
```markup
]>
&ext_file;
```
### **Through HTTP**
```markup
```
```markup
]>
&passwd;
```
### **Internal (PHP-function)**
```markup
```
```markup
```
### Port scan
```markup
```
## Write to a file
### XSLT 2.0
```markup
Write Local File
```
### **Xalan-J extension**
```markup
Write Local File
```
Other ways to write files in the PDF
## Include external XSL
```markup
```
```markup
```
## Execute code
### **php:function**
```markup
```
```markup
```
Execute code using other frameworks in the PDF
### **More Languages**
**In this page you can find examples of RCE in other languajes:** [**https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt\_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET**](https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt\_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET) **(C#, Java, PHP)**
## **Access PHP static functions from classes**
The following function will call the static method `stringToUrl` of the class XSL:
```markup
```
(Example from [http://laurent.bientz.com/Blog/Entry/Item/using\_php\_functions\_in\_xsl-7.sls](http://laurent.bientz.com/Blog/Entry/Item/using\_php\_functions\_in\_xsl-7.sls))
## **Brute-Force Detection List**
{% embed url="https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/xslt.txt" %}
## **References**
* [XSLT\_SSRF](https://feelsec.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/XSLT\_SSRF.pdf)\\
* [http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20IO%20Active.pdf](http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20IO%20Active.pdf)\\
* [http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20Blackhat%202015.pdf](http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20Blackhat%202015.pdf)
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