# 27017,27018 - Pentesting MongoDB

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## Basic Information

MongoDB is an [open source](https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/open-source) database management system (DBMS) that uses a document-oriented database model which supports various forms of data. (From [here](https://searchdatamanagement.techtarget.com/definition/MongoDB))

**Default port:** 27017, 27018

```
PORT      STATE SERVICE VERSION
27017/tcp open  mongodb MongoDB 2.6.9 2.6.9
```

## Enumeration

### Manual

```python
from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient(host, port, username=username, password=password)
client.server_info() #Basic info
#If you have admin access you can obtain more info
admin = client.admin
admin_info = admin.command("serverStatus")
cursor = client.list_databases()
for db in cursor:
    print(db)
    print(client[db["name"]].list_collection_names())
#If admin access, you could dump the database also
```

**Some MongoDB commnads:**

```bash
show dbs
use <db>
show collections
db.<collection>.find()  #Dump the collection
db.<collection>.count() #Number of records of the collection
db.current.find({"username":"admin"})  #Find in current db the username admin
```

### Automatic

```bash
nmap -sV --script "mongo* and default" -p 27017 <IP> #By default all the nmap mongo enumerate scripts are used
```

### Shodan

* All mongodb: `"mongodb server information"`
* Search for full open mongodb servers: `"mongodb server information" -"partially enabled"`
* Only partially enable auth: `"mongodb server information" "partially enabled"`

## Login

By default mongo does not require password.\
**Admin** is a common mongo database.

```bash
mongo <HOST>
mongo <HOST>:<PORT>
mongo <HOST>:<PORT>/<DB>
mongo <database> -u <username> -p '<password>'
```

The nmap script: _**mongodb-brute**_ will check if creds are needed.

```bash
nmap -n -sV --script mongodb-brute -p 27017 <ip>
```

### [**Brute force**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#mongo)

Look inside _/opt/bitnami/mongodb/mongodb.conf_ to know if credentials are needed:

```bash
grep "noauth.*true" /opt/bitnami/mongodb/mongodb.conf | grep -v "^#" #Not needed
grep "auth.*true" /opt/bitnami/mongodb/mongodb.conf | grep -v "^#\|noauth" #Not needed
```

## Mongo Objectid Predict

Mongo Object IDs are **12-byte hexadecimal** strings:

![](../.gitbook/assets/id-and-objectids-in-mongodb.png)

For example, here’s how we can dissect an actual Object ID returned by an application: 5f2459ac9fa6dc2500314019

1. 5f2459ac: 1596217772 in decimal = Friday, 31 July 2020 17:49:32
2. 9fa6dc: Machine Identifier
3. 2500: Process ID
4. 314019: An incremental counter

Of the above elements, machine identifier will remain the same for as long as the database is running the same physical/virtual machine. Process ID will only change if the MongoDB process is restarted. Timestamp will be updated every second. The only challenge in guessing Object IDs by simply incrementing the counter and timestamp values, is the fact that Mongo DB generates Object IDs and assigns Object IDs at a system level.

The tool [https://github.com/andresriancho/mongo-objectid-predict](https://github.com/andresriancho/mongo-objectid-predict), given a starting Object ID (you can create an account and get a starting ID), it sends back about 1000 probable Object IDs that could have possibly been assigned to the next objects, so you just need to bruteforce them.

## Post

If you are root you can **modify** the **mongodb.conf** file so no credentials are needed (_noauth = true_) and **login without credentials**.

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