# Checklist - Linux Privilege Escalation
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[**Follow HackenProof**](https://bit.ly/3xrrDrL) **to learn more about web3 bugs** 🐞 Read web3 bug tutorials 🔔 Get notified about new bug bounties 💬 Participate in community discussions ### **Best tool to look for Linux local privilege escalation vectors:** [**LinPEAS**](https://github.com/carlospolop/privilege-escalation-awesome-scripts-suite/tree/master/linPEAS) ### [System Information](privilege-escalation/#system-information) * [ ] Get **OS information** * [ ] Check the [**PATH**](privilege-escalation/#path), any **writable folder**? * [ ] Check [**env variables**](privilege-escalation/#env-info), any sensitive detail? * [ ] Search for [**kernel exploits**](privilege-escalation/#kernel-exploits) **using scripts** (DirtyCow?) * [ ] **Check** if the [**sudo version** is vulnerable](privilege-escalation/#sudo-version) * [ ] [**Dmesg** signature verification failed](privilege-escalation/#dmesg-signature-verification-failed) * [ ] More system enum ([date, system stats, cpu info, printers](privilege-escalation/#more-system-enumeration)) * [ ] [Enumerate more defenses](privilege-escalation/#enumerate-possible-defenses) ### [Drives](privilege-escalation/#drives) * [ ] **List mounted** drives * [ ] **Any unmounted drive?** * [ ] **Any creds in fstab?** ### [**Installed Software**](privilege-escalation/#installed-software) * [ ] **Check for**[ **useful software**](privilege-escalation/#useful-software) **installed** * [ ] **Check for** [**vulnerable software**](privilege-escalation/#vulnerable-software-installed) **installed** ### [Processes](privilege-escalation/#processes) * [ ] Is any **unknown software running**? * [ ] Is any software running with **more privileges than it should have**? * [ ] Search for **exploits of running processes** (especially the version running). * [ ] Can you **modify the binary** of any running process? * [ ] **Monitor processes** and check if any interesting process is running frequently. * [ ] Can you **read** some interesting **process memory** (where passwords could be saved)? ### [Scheduled/Cron jobs?](privilege-escalation/#scheduled-jobs) * [ ] Is the [**PATH** ](privilege-escalation/#cron-path)being modified by some cron and you can **write** in it? * [ ] Any [**wildcard** ](privilege-escalation/#cron-using-a-script-with-a-wildcard-wildcard-injection)in a cron job? * [ ] Some [**modifiable script** ](privilege-escalation/#cron-script-overwriting-and-symlink)is being **executed** or is inside **modifiable folder**? * [ ] Have you detected that some **script** could be or are being [**executed** very **frequently**](privilege-escalation/#frequent-cron-jobs)? (every 1, 2 or 5 minutes) ### [Services](privilege-escalation/#services) * [ ] Any **writable .service** file? * [ ] Any **writable binary** executed by a **service**? * [ ] Any **writable folder in systemd PATH**? ### [Timers](privilege-escalation/#timers) * [ ] Any **writable timer**? ### [Sockets](privilege-escalation/#sockets) * [ ] Any **writable .socket** file? * [ ] Can you **communicate with any socket**? * [ ] **HTTP sockets** with interesting info? ### [D-Bus](privilege-escalation/#d-bus) * [ ] Can you **communicate with any D-Bus**? ### [Network](privilege-escalation/#network) * [ ] Enumerate the network to know where you are * [ ] **Open ports you couldn't access before** getting a shell inside the machine? * [ ] Can you **sniff traffic** using `tcpdump`? ### [Users](privilege-escalation/#users) * [ ] Generic users/groups **enumeration** * [ ] Do you have a **very big UID**? Is the **machine** **vulnerable**? * [ ] Can you [**escalate privileges thanks to a group**](privilege-escalation/interesting-groups-linux-pe/) you belong to? * [ ] **Clipboard** data? * [ ] Password Policy? * [ ] Try to **use** every **known password** that you have discovered previously to login **with each** possible **user**. Try to login also without a password. ### [Writable PATH](privilege-escalation/#writable-path-abuses) * [ ] If you have **write privileges over some folder in PATH** you may be able to escalate privileges ### [SUDO and SUID commands](privilege-escalation/#sudo-and-suid) * [ ] Can you execute **any command with sudo**? Can you use it to READ, WRITE or EXECUTE anything as root? ([**GTFOBins**](https://gtfobins.github.io)) * [ ] Is any **exploitable SUID binary**? ([**GTFOBins**](https://gtfobins.github.io)) * [ ] Are [**sudo** commands **limited** by **path**? can you **bypass** the restrictions](privilege-escalation/#sudo-execution-bypassing-paths)? * [ ] [**Sudo/SUID binary without path indicated**](privilege-escalation/#sudo-command-suid-binary-without-command-path)? * [ ] [**SUID binary specifying path**](privilege-escalation/#suid-binary-with-command-path)? Bypass * [ ] [**LD\_PRELOAD vuln**](privilege-escalation/#ld\_preload) * [ ] [**Lack of .so library in SUID binary**](privilege-escalation/#suid-binary-so-injection) from a writable folder? * [ ] [**SUDO tokens available**](privilege-escalation/#reusing-sudo-tokens)? [**Can you create a SUDO token**](privilege-escalation/#var-run-sudo-ts-less-than-username-greater-than)? * [ ] Can you [**read or modify sudoers files**](privilege-escalation/#etc-sudoers-etc-sudoers-d)? * [ ] Can you [**modify /etc/ld.so.conf.d/**](privilege-escalation/#etc-ld-so-conf-d)? * [ ] [**OpenBSD DOAS**](privilege-escalation/#doas) command ### [Capabilities](privilege-escalation/#capabilities) * [ ] Has any binary any **unexpected capability**? ### [ACLs](privilege-escalation/#acls) * [ ] Has any file any **unexpected ACL**? ### [Open Shell sessions](privilege-escalation/#open-shell-sessions) * [ ] **screen** * [ ] **tmux** ### [SSH](privilege-escalation/#ssh) * [ ] **Debian** [**OpenSSL Predictable PRNG - CVE-2008-0166**](privilege-escalation/#debian-openssl-predictable-prng-cve-2008-0166) * [ ] [**SSH Interesting configuration values**](privilege-escalation/#ssh-interesting-configuration-values) ### [Interesting Files](privilege-escalation/#interesting-files) * [ ] **Profile files** - Read sensitive data? Write to privesc? * [ ] **passwd/shadow files** - Read sensitive data? Write to privesc? * [ ] **Check commonly interesting folders** for sensitive data * [ ] **Weird Location/Owned files,** you may have access to or alter executable files * [ ] **Modified** in last mins * [ ] **Sqlite DB files** * [ ] **Hidden files** * [ ] **Script/Binaries in PATH** * [ ] **Web files** (passwords?) * [ ] **Backups**? * [ ] **Known files that contains passwords**: Use **Linpeas** and **LaZagne** * [ ] **Generic search** ### [**Writable Files**](privilege-escalation/#writable-files) * [ ] **Modify python library** to execute arbitrary commands? * [ ] Can you **modify log files**? **Logtotten** exploit * [ ] Can you **modify /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/**? Centos/Redhat exploit * [ ] Can you [**write in ini, int.d, systemd or rc.d files**](privilege-escalation/#init-init-d-systemd-and-rc-d)? ### [**Other tricks**](privilege-escalation/#other-tricks) * [ ] Can you [**abuse NFS to escalate privileges**](privilege-escalation/#nfs-privilege-escalation)? * [ ] Do you need to [**escape from a restrictive shell**](privilege-escalation/#escaping-from-restricted-shells)?
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🐦 Twitter 🐦 🎙️ Twitch Wed - 18.30(UTC) 🎙️ 🎥 Youtube 🎥 * Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)! * Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) * Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) * **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.** * **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **and** [**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud).