Support HackTricks and get benefits!
Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
**Join the** [**π¬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**π¦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
**Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
# What is Firebase
Firebase is a Backend-as-a-Services mainly for mobile application. It is focused on removing the charge of programming the back-end providing a nice SDK as well as many other interesting things that facilitates the interaction between the application and the back-end.
## Pentest Methodology
Therefore, some **Firebase endpoints** could be found in **mobile applications**. It is possible that the Firebase endpoint used is **configured badly grating everyone privileges to read (and write)** on it.
This is the common methodology to search and exploit poorly configured Firebase databases:
1. **Get the APK** of app you can use any of the tool to get the APK from the device for this POC.\
You can use βAPK Extractorβ [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ext.ui\&hl=e](https://hackerone.com/redirect?signature=3774f35d1b5ea8a4fd209d80084daa9f5887b105\&url=https%3A%2F%2Fplay.google.com%2Fstore%2Fapps%2Fdetails%3Fid%3Dcom.ext.ui%26hl%3Den)
2. **Decompile** the APK using **apktool**, follow the below command to extract the source code from the APK.
3. Go to the _**res/values/strings.xml**_ and look for this and **search** for β**firebase**β keyword
4. You may find something like this URL β_**https://xyz.firebaseio.com/**_β
5. Next, go to the browser and **navigate to the found URL**: _https://xyz.firebaseio.com/.json_
6. 2 type of responses can appear:
1. β**Permission Denied**β: This means that you cannot access it, so it's well configured
2. β**null**β response or a bunch of **JSON data**: This means that the database is public and you at least have read access.
1. In this case, you could **check for writing privileges**, an exploit to test writing privileges can be found here: [https://github.com/MuhammadKhizerJaved/Insecure-Firebase-Exploit](https://github.com/MuhammadKhizerJaved/Insecure-Firebase-Exploit)
**Interesting note**: When analysing a mobile application with **MobSF**, if it finds a firebase database it will check if this is **publicly available** and will notify it.
Alternatively, you can use [Firebase Scanner](https://github.com/shivsahni/FireBaseScanner), a python script that automates the task above as shown below:
```bash
python FirebaseScanner.py -f
```
## Authenticated
If you have credentials to access the Firebase database you can use a tool such as [**Baserunner**](https://github.com/iosiro/baserunner) to access more easily the stored information. Or a script like the following:
```python
#Taken from https://blog.assetnote.io/bug-bounty/2020/02/01/expanding-attack-surface-react-native/
import pyrebase
config = {
"apiKey": "FIREBASE_API_KEY",
"authDomain": "FIREBASE_AUTH_DOMAIN_ID.firebaseapp.com",
"databaseURL": "https://FIREBASE_AUTH_DOMAIN_ID.firebaseio.com",
"storageBucket": "FIREBASE_AUTH_DOMAIN_ID.appspot.com",
}
firebase = pyrebase.initialize_app(config)
db = firebase.database()
print(db.get())
```
To test other actions on the database, such as writing to the database, refer to the Pyrebase documentation which can be found [here](https://github.com/thisbejim/Pyrebase).
## Access info with APPID and API Key
If you decompile the iOS application and open the file `GoogleService-Info.plist` and you find the API Key and APP ID:
* API KEY **AIzaSyAs1\[...]**
* APP ID **1:612345678909:ios:c212345678909876**
You may be able to access some interesting information
**Request**
`curl -v -X POST "https://firebaseremoteconfig.googleapis.com/v1/projects/612345678909/namespaces/firebase:fetch?key=AIzaSyAs1[...]" -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"appId": "1:612345678909:ios:c212345678909876", "appInstanceId": "PROD"}'`
# References
* [https://blog.securitybreached.org/2020/02/04/exploiting-insecure-firebase-database-bugbounty/](https://blog.securitybreached.org/2020/02/04/exploiting-insecure-firebase-database-bugbounty/)
* [https://medium.com/@danangtriatmaja/firebase-database-takover-b7929bbb62e1](https://medium.com/@danangtriatmaja/firebase-database-takover-b7929bbb62e1)
Support HackTricks and get benefits!
Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
**Join the** [**π¬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**π¦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
**Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**