# Objection Tutorial
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## **Introduction**
[](https://github.com/sensepost/objection)
**objection - Runtime Mobile Exploration**
`objection` is a runtime mobile exploration toolkit, powered by [Frida](https://www.frida.re). It was built with the aim of helping assess mobile applications and their security posture without the need for a jailbroken or rooted mobile device.
**Note:** This is not some form of jailbreak / root bypass. By using `objection`, you are still limited by all of the restrictions imposed by the applicable sandbox you are facing.
### Resume
The **goal** of **objection** is let the user call the **main actions that offers Frida**. **Otherwise**, the user will need to create a **single script for every application** that he wants to test.
## Tutorial
For this tutorial I am going to use the APK that you can download here:
{% file src="../../../.gitbook/assets/app-release.zip" %}
Or from its [original repository ](https://github.com/asvid/FridaApp)(download app-release.apk)
### Installation
```
pip3 install objection
```
### Connection
Make a **regular ADB conection** and **start** the **frida** server in the device (and check that frida is working in both the client and the server).
If you are using a **rooted device** it is needed to select the application that you want to test inside the _**--gadget**_ option. in this case:
```
objection --gadget asvid.github.io.fridaapp explore
```
### Basic Actions
Not all possible commands of objections are going to be listed in this tutorial, only the ones that I have found more useful.
#### Environment
Some interesting information (like passwords or paths) could be find inside the environment.
```
env
```
.png>)
#### Frida Information
```
frida
```
.png>)
#### Upload/Download
```bash
file download []
file upload []
```
#### Import frida script
```bash
import
```
#### SSLPinning
```bash
android sslpinning disable #Attempts to disable SSL Pinning on Android devices.
```
#### Root detection
```bash
android root disable #Attempts to disable root detection on Android devices.
android root simulate #Attempts to simulate a rooted Android environment.
```
#### Exec Command
```bash
android shell_exec whoami
```
#### Screenshots
```bash
android ui screenshot /tmp/screenshot
android ui FLAG_SECURE false #This may enable you to take screenshots using the hardware keys
```
### Static analysis made Dynamic
In a real application we should know all of the information discovered in this part before using objection thanks to **static analysis**. Anyway, this way maybe you can see **something new** as here you will only have a complete list of classes, methods and exported objects.
This is also usefull if somehow you are **unable to get some readable source code** of the app.
#### List activities, receivers and services
```
android hooking list activities
```
.png>)
```
android hooking list services
android hooking list receivers
```
Frida will launch an error if none is found
#### Getting current activity
```
android hooking get current_activity
```
 (1).png>)
#### Search Classes
Lets start looking for classes inside our application
```
android hooking search classes asvid.github.io.fridaapp
```
.png>)
#### Search Methods of a class
Now lets extract the methods inside the class _MainActivity:_
```
android hooking search methods asvid.github.io.fridaapp MainActivity
```
 (1).png>)
#### List declared Methods of a class with their parameters
Lets figure out wich parameters does the methods of the class need:
```
android hooking list class_methods asvid.github.io.fridaapp.MainActivity
```
.png>)
#### List classes
You could also list all the classes that were loaded inside the current applicatoin:
```
android hooking list classes #List all loaded classes, As the target application gets usedmore, this command will return more classes.
```
This is very useful if you want to **hook the method of a class and you only know the name of the class**. You coul use this function to **search which module owns the class** and then hook its method.
### Hooking being easy
#### Hooking (watching) a method
From the [source code](https://github.com/asvid/FridaApp/blob/master/app/src/main/java/asvid/github/io/fridaapp/MainActivity.kt) of the application we know that the **function** _**sum()**_ **from** _**MainActivity**_ is being run **every second**. Lets try to **dump all possible information** each time the function is called (arguments, return value and backtrace):
```
android hooking watch class_method asvid.github.io.fridaapp.MainActivity.sum --dump-args --dump-backtrace --dump-return
```
.png>)
#### Hooking (watching) an entire class
Actually I find all the methods of the class MainActivity really interesting, lets **hook them all**. Be careful, this could **crash** an application.
```
android hooking watch class asvid.github.io.fridaapp.MainActivity --dump-args --dump-return
```
If you play with the application while the class is hooked you will see when **each function is being called**, its **arguments** and the **return** value.
.png>)
#### Changing boolean return value of a function
From the source code you can see that the function _checkPin_ gets a _String_ as argument and returns a _boolean_. Lets make the function **always return true**:
.png>)
Now, If you write anything in the text box for the PIN code you will see tat anything is valid:
.png>)
### Class instances
Search for and print **live instances of a specific Java class**, specified by a fully qualified class name. Out is the result of an attempt at getting a string value for a discovered objection which would typically **contain property values for the object**.
```
android heap print_instances
```
.png>)
### Keystore/Intents
You can play with the keystore and intents using:
```
android keystore list
android intents launch_activity
android intent launch_service
```
### Memory
#### Dump
```bash
memory dump all #Dump all memory
memory dump from_base #Dump a part
```
#### List
```
memory list modules
```
.png>)
At the bottom os the list you can see frida:
.png>)
Lets checks what is frida exporting:
.png>)
#### Search/Write
You can alse search and write inside memory with objection:
```
memory search "" (--string) (--offsets-only)
memory write "" "" (--string)
```
### SQLite
You cals can use the command `sqlite` to interact with sqlite databases.
### Exit
```
exit
```
## What I miss in Objection
* The hooking methods sometimes crashes the application (this is also because of Frida).
* You can't use the instaces of the classes to call functions of the instance. And you can't create new instances of classes and use them to call functions.
* There isn't a shortcut (like the one for sslpinnin) to hook all the common crypto methods being used by the application to see cyphered text, plain text, keys, IVs and algorithms used.
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* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the [hacktricks repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [hacktricks-cloud repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)**.