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Merge pull request #611 from blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets

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Badsecrets
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Carlos Polop 2023-03-27 11:42:50 +02:00 committed by GitHub
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40
pentesting-web/deserialization/exploiting-__viewstate-parameter.md
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@ -96,6 +96,36 @@ AspDotNetWrapper.exe --keypath MachineKeys.txt --encrypteddata /wEPDwUKLTkyMTY0M
![](https://notsosecure.com/sites/all/assets/group/nss\_uploads/2019/06/2.1.png)
[**Badsecrets**](https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets) is another tool which can identify known machineKeys. It is written in Python, so unlike Blacklist3r, there is no Windows dependency. For .NET viewstates, there is a "python blacklist3r" utility, which is the quickest way to use it.
It can either be supplied with the viewstate and generator directly:
```
pip install badsecrets
git clone https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets
cd badsecrets
python examples/blacklist3r.py --viewstate /wEPDwUJODExMDE5NzY5ZGQMKS6jehX5HkJgXxrPh09vumNTKQ== --generator EDD8C9AE
```
![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24899338/227034640-662b6aad-f8b9-49e4-9a6b-62a5f6ae2d60.png)
Or, it can connect directly to the target URL and try to carve the viewstate out of the HTML:
```
pip install badsecrets
git clone https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets
cd badsecrets
python examples/blacklist3r.py --url http://vulnerablesite/vulnerablepage.aspx
```
![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24899338/227034654-e8ad9648-6c0e-47cb-a873-bf97623a0089.png)
To search for vulnerable viewstates at scale, in conjunction with subdomain enumeration, the `badsecrets` [**BBOT**]() module can be used:
```
bbot -f subdomain-enum -m badsecrets -t evil.corp
```
![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24899338/227028780-950d067a-4a01-481f-8e11-41fabed1943a.png)
If you are lucky and the key is found,you can proceed with the attack using [**YSoSerial.Net**](https://github.com/pwntester/ysoserial.net)**:**
```
@ -158,6 +188,15 @@ For a more detailed description for IISDirPath and TargetPagePath [refer here](h
![](https://notsosecure.com/sites/all/assets/group/nss\_uploads/2019/06/4.1.png)
Or, with [**Badsecrets**](https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets) (with a generator value):
```
cd badsecrets
python examples/blacklist3r.py --viewstate JLFYOOegbdXmPjQou22oT2IxUwCAzSA9EAxD6+305e/4MQG7G1v5GI3wL7D94W2OGpVGrI2LCqEwDoS/8JkE0rR4ak0= --generator B2774415
```
![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24899338/227043316-13f0488f-5326-46cc-9604-404b908ebd7b.png)
Once a valid Machine key is identified, **the next step is to generate a serialized payload using** [**YSoSerial.Net**](https://github.com/pwntester/ysoserial.net)
```
@ -194,6 +233,7 @@ out of band request with the current username
* [**https://www.notsosecure.com/exploiting-viewstate-deserialization-using-blacklist3r-and-ysoserial-net/**](https://www.notsosecure.com/exploiting-viewstate-deserialization-using-blacklist3r-and-ysoserial-net/)
* [**https://medium.com/@swapneildash/deep-dive-into-net-viewstate-deserialization-and-its-exploitation-54bf5b788817**](https://medium.com/@swapneildash/deep-dive-into-net-viewstate-deserialization-and-its-exploitation-54bf5b788817)\\
* [**https://soroush.secproject.com/blog/2019/04/exploiting-deserialisation-in-asp-net-via-viewstate/**](https://soroush.secproject.com/blog/2019/04/exploiting-deserialisation-in-asp-net-via-viewstate/)
* [**https://blog.blacklanternsecurity.com/p/introducing-badsecrets**](https://blog.blacklanternsecurity.com/p/introducing-badsecrets)
<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" data-size="original">

28
pentesting-web/deserialization/java-jsf-viewstate-.faces-deserialization.md
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@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Everything happened before the JSF implementation could have a look at the ViewS
Now, what are the ingredients for a disaster?
* unencrypted ViewState
* unencrypted ViewState (or, possession of the encryption key)
* Gadget on the classpath of the server
* In case of Mojarra: ViewState configured to reside on the `client`
* In case of MyFaces: ViewState configured to reside on the `client` **or** the `server`
@ -209,6 +209,32 @@ else:
print(GREEN + "[*] Saved to : {}".format(sys.argv[2]))
```
# Known Key Detection with Badsecrets
![Badsecrets](https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets) is a library capable of detecting the use of known cryptographic keys by looking at the products they produce, and checking against a list of known or weak keys. Its `Jsf_viewstate` module is capable of detecting Java Server Faces ViewStates created with known keys on both Mojarra and MyFaces, in addition to unprotected or compressed ViewStates.
The quickest way to use it is with the `cli.py` example tool as follows:
```
pip install badsecrets
git clone https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets
cd badsecrets
python examples/cli.py Ly8gp+FZKt9XsaxT5gZu41DDxO74k029z88gNBOru2jXW0g1Og+RUPdf2d8hGNTiofkD1VvmQTZAfeV+5qijOoD+SPzw6K72Y1H0sxfx5mFcfFtmqX7iN6Gq0fwLM+9PKQz88f+e7KImJqG1cz5KYhcrgT87c5Ayl03wEHvWwktTq9TcBJc4f1VnNHXVZgALGqQuETU8hYwZ1VilDmQ7J4pZbv+pvPUvzk+/e2oNeybso6TXqUrbT2Mz3k7yfe92q3pRjdxRlGxmkO9bPqNOtETlLPE5dDiZYo1U9gr8BBQ=
```
![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24899338/227623883-f760570d-796e-459d-87b0-b87ad33999ae.png)
If it finds a match, it will also list the platform (Mojarra or MyFaces), the encryption algorithm in use, and whether compression was used or not, which are all essential for exploitation.
To search for vulnerable viewstates at scale, in conjunction with subdomain enumeration, the `badsecrets` [**BBOT**]() module can be used:
```
bbot -f subdomain-enum -m badsecrets -t evil.corp
```
![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24899338/227626488-e45e99b2-0f6d-451e-8a43-7d6db75098de.png)
# Final thoughts
Most facts about JSF ViewStates and their dangers presented in this blog post are not exactly new but it seems they were never presented in such a condensed way. It showed [once more](https://www.alphabot.com/security/blog/2017/net/How-to-configure-Json.NET-to-create-a-vulnerable-web-API.html) that seemingly harmless configuration changes can lead to serious vulnerabilities.