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# Domain/Subdomain takeover
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{% hint style="success" %}
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Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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@ -18,18 +18,18 @@ Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-s
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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\
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_term=trickest&utm_content=domain-subdomain-takeover) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_source=hacktricks\&utm\_medium=text\&utm\_campaign=ppc\&utm\_term=trickest\&utm\_content=domain-subdomain-takeover) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
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Get Access Today:
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{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=domain-subdomain-takeover" %}
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## Domain takeover
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If you discover some domain (domain.tld) that is **being used by some service inside the scope** but the **company** has l**o**st the **ownership** of it, you can try to **register** it (if cheap enough) and let know the company. If this domain is receiving some **sensitive information** like a sessions cookie via **GET** parameter or in the **Referer** header, this is for sure a **vulnerability**.
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If you discover some domain (domain.tld) that is **being used by some service inside the scope** but the **company** has **lost** the **ownership** of it, you can try to **register** it (if cheap enough) and let the company know. If this domain is receiving some **sensitive information** like a session cookie via **GET** parameter or in the **Referer** header, this is for sure a **vulnerability**.
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### Subdomain takeover
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A subdomain of the company is pointing to a **third-party service with a name not registered**. If you can **create** an **account** in this **third party service** and **register** the **name** being in use, you can perform the subdomain take over.
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A subdomain of the company is pointing to a **third-party service with a name not registered**. If you can **create** an **account** in this **third party service** and **register** the **name** being in use, you can perform the subdomain takeover.
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There are several tools with dictionaries to check for possible takeovers:
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@ -45,22 +45,15 @@ There are several tools with dictionaries to check for possible takeovers:
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* [https://github.com/antichown/subdomain-takeover](https://github.com/antichown/subdomain-takeover)
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* [https://github.com/musana/mx-takeover](https://github.com/musana/mx-takeover)
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* [https://github.com/PentestPad/subzy](https://github.com/PentestPad/subzy)
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#### Scanning for Hijackable Subdomains with [BBOT](https://github.com/blacklanternsecurity/bbot):
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Subdomain takeover checks are included in BBOT's default subdomain enumeration. Signatures are pulled directly from [https://github.com/EdOverflow/can-i-take-over-xyz](https://github.com/EdOverflow/can-i-take-over-xyz).
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```bash
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bbot -t evilcorp.com -f subdomain-enum
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```
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* [https://github.com/Stratus-Security/Subdominator](https://github.com/Stratus-Security/Subdominator)
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### Subdomain Takeover Generation via DNS Wildcard
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When DNS wildcard is used in a domain, any requested subdomain of that domain that doesn't have a different address explicitly will be **resolved to the same information**. This could be an A ip address, a CNAME...
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For example, if `*.testing.com` is wilcarded to `1.1.1.1`. Then, `not-existent.testing.com` will be pointing to `1.1.1.1`.
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For example, if `*.testing.com` is wildcarded to `1.1.1.1`. Then, `not-existent.testing.com` will be pointing to `1.1.1.1`.
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However, if instead of pointing to an IP address, the sysadmin point it to a **third party service via CNAME**, like a **github subdomain** for example (`sohomdatta1.github.io`). An attacker could **create his own third party page** (in Gihub in this case) and say that `something.testing.com` is pointing there. Because, the **CNAME wildcard** will agree the attacker will be able to **generate arbitrary subdomains for the domain of the victim pointing to his pages**.
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However, if instead of pointing to an IP address, the sysadmin points it to a **third party service via CNAME**, like a G**ithub subdomain** for example (`sohomdatta1.github.io`). An attacker could **create his own third party page** (in Gihub in this case) and say that `something.testing.com` is pointing there. Because, the **CNAME wildcard** will agree the attacker will be able to **generate arbitrary subdomains for the domain of the victim pointing to his pages**.
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You can find an example of this vulnerability in the CTF write-up: [https://ctf.zeyu2001.com/2022/nitectf-2022/undocumented-js-api](https://ctf.zeyu2001.com/2022/nitectf-2022/undocumented-js-api)
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@ -103,18 +96,19 @@ For cloud providers, verifying domain ownership is crucial to prevent subdomain
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## References
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* [https://0xpatrik.com/subdomain-takeover/](https://0xpatrik.com/subdomain-takeover/)
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* [https://www.stratussecurity.com/post/subdomain-takeover-guide](https://www.stratussecurity.com/post/subdomain-takeover-guide)
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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\
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_term=trickest&utm_content=domain-subdomain-takeover) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_source=hacktricks\&utm\_medium=text\&utm\_campaign=ppc\&utm\_term=trickest\&utm\_content=domain-subdomain-takeover) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
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Get Access Today:
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{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=domain-subdomain-takeover" %}
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{% hint style="success" %}
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Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="../.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="../.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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