GITBOOK-4352: No subject

binary-exploitation/heap/unlink-attack.md

@@ -95,7 +95,11 @@ int main() {
 
 ### Goal
 
-* Modify a pointer to a chunk in the stack so it points to the stack so it's possible to alter the contents of the stack by writing in the chunk
+This attack allows to **change a pointer to a chunk to point 3 addresses before of itself**. If this new location (surroundings of where the pointer was located) has interesting stuff, like other controllable allocations / stack..., it's possible to read/overwrite them to cause a bigger harm.
+
+* If this pointer was located in the stack, because it's now pointing 3 address before itself and the user potentially can read it and modify it, it will be possible to leak sensitive info from the stack or even modify the return address (maybe) without touching the canary
+* In order CTF examples, this pointer is located in an array of pointers to other allocations, therefore, making it point 3 address before and being able to read and write it, it's possible to make the other pointers point to other addresses.\
+  As potentially the user can read/write also the other allocations, he can leak information or overwrite new address in arbitrary locations (like in the GOT).
 
 ### Requirements
 
@@ -129,7 +133,8 @@ int main() {
 * Although it would be weird to find an unlink attack even in a CTF here you have some writeups where this attack was used:
   * CTF example: [https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/30-unlink/hitcon14\_stkof/index.html](https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/30-unlink/hitcon14\_stkof/index.html)
     * In this example, instead of the stack there is an array of malloc'ed addresses. The unlink attack is performed to be able to allocate a chunk here, therefore being able to control the pointers of the array of malloc'ed addresses. Then, there is another functionality that allows to modify the content of chunks in these addresses, which allows to point addresses to the GOT, modify function addresses to egt leaks and RCE.
-    *
+  * Another CTF example: [https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/30-unlink/zctf16\_note2/index.html](https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/30-unlink/zctf16\_note2/index.html)
+    * Just like in the previous example, there is an array of addresses of allocations. It's possible to perform an unlink attack to make the address to the first allocation point a few possitions before starting the array and the overwrite this allocation in the new position. Therefore, it's possible to overwrite pointers of other allocations to point to GOT of atoi, print it to get a libc leak, and then overwrite atoi GOT with the address to a one gadget.
 
 <details>
 

binary-exploitation/heap/use-after-free/first-fit.md

@@ -70,3 +70,7 @@ d = malloc(20);   // a
   * The program allows to create notes. A note will have the note info in a malloc(8) (with a pointer to a function that could be called) and a pointer to another malloc(\<size>) with the contents of the note.
   * The attack would be to create 2 notes (note0 and note1) with bigger malloc contents than the note info size and then free them so they get into the fast bin (or tcache).
     * Then, create another note (note2) with content size 8. The content is going to be in note1 as the chunk is going to be reused, were we could modify the function pointer to point to the win function and then Use-After-Free the note1 to call the new function pointer.
+* [**https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/26-heap\_grooming/pico\_areyouroot/index.html**](https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/26-heap\_grooming/pico\_areyouroot/index.html)
+  * It's possible to alloc some memory, write the desired value, free it, realloc it and as the previous data is still there, it will treated according the new expected struct in the chunk making possible to set the value ot get the flag.
+* [**https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/26-heap\_grooming/swamp19\_heapgolf/index.html**](https://guyinatuxedo.github.io/26-heap\_grooming/swamp19\_heapgolf/index.html)
+  * In this case it's needed to write 4 inside an specific chunk which is the first one being allocated (even after force freeing all of them). On each new allocated chunk it's number in the array index is stored. Then, allocate 4 chunks (+ the initialy allocated), the last one will have 4 inside of it, free them and force the reallocation of the first one, which will use the last chunk freed which is the one with 4 inside of it.