hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/3260-pentesting-iscsi.md

# 3260 - Pentesting ISCSI

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## Basic Information

From [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISCSI):

> In computing, **iSCSI** ni kifupi cha **Internet Small Computer Systems Interface**, kiwango cha mtandao wa kuhifadhi data kilichotegemea Itifaki ya Mtandao (IP) kwa ajili ya kuunganisha vituo vya kuhifadhi data. Inatoa ufikiaji wa kiwango cha block kwa vifaa vya kuhifadhi kwa kubeba amri za SCSI kupitia mtandao wa TCP/IP. iSCSI inatumika kuwezesha uhamishaji wa data kupitia intraneti na kusimamia uhifadhi kwa umbali mrefu. Inaweza kutumika kuhamasisha data kupitia mitandao ya eneo la ndani (LAN), mitandao ya eneo pana (WAN), au Mtandao na inaweza kuwezesha uhifadhi na upatikanaji wa data bila kujali eneo.
>
> Itifaki hii inaruhusu wateja (wanaoitwa waanzilishi) kutuma amri za SCSI (CDBs) kwa vifaa vya kuhifadhi (malengo) kwenye seva za mbali. Ni itifaki ya mtandao wa eneo la kuhifadhi (SAN), ikiruhusu mashirika kuunganisha uhifadhi katika mfululizo wa kuhifadhi huku ikitoa wateja (kama vile seva za database na wavuti) hisia ya diski za SCSI zilizounganishwa kwa ndani. Inashindana hasa na Fibre Channel, lakini tofauti na Fibre Channel ya jadi ambayo kawaida inahitaji nyaya maalum, iSCSI inaweza kuendeshwa kwa umbali mrefu kwa kutumia miundombinu ya mtandao iliyopo.

**Default port:** 3260
```
PORT     STATE SERVICE VERSION
3260/tcp open  iscsi?
```
## Uhesabuzi
```
nmap -sV --script=iscsi-info -p 3260 192.168.xx.xx
```
This script will indicate if authentication is required.

### [Brute force](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#iscsi)

### [Mount ISCSI on Linux](https://www.synology.com/en-us/knowledgebase/DSM/tutorial/Virtualization/How\_to\_set\_up\_and\_use\_iSCSI\_target\_on\_Linux)

**Note:** Unaweza kupata kwamba wakati malengo yako yanagunduliwa, yanatajwa chini ya anwani tofauti ya IP. Hii hutokea ikiwa huduma ya iSCSI imewekwa wazi kupitia NAT au IP ya virtual. Katika hali kama hizi, `iscsiadmin` itashindwa kuungana. Hii inahitaji marekebisho mawili: moja kwa jina la saraka ya node iliyoundwa kiotomatiki na shughuli zako za kugundua, na moja kwa faili ya `default` iliyo ndani ya saraka hii.

Kwa mfano, unajaribu kuungana na lengo la iSCSI kwenye 123.123.123.123 kwenye bandari 3260. Server inayoweka wazi lengo la iSCSI iko kwa kweli kwenye 192.168.1.2 lakini imewekwa wazi kupitia NAT. isciadm itarekodi anwani ya _ndani_ badala ya anwani ya _umma_:
```
iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 123.123.123.123:3260
192.168.1.2:3260,1 iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe
[...]
```
Hii amri itaunda saraka katika mfumo wako wa faili kama hii:
```
/etc/iscsi/nodes/iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe/192.168.1.2\,3260\,1/
```
Katika saraka, kuna faili ya default yenye mipangilio yote muhimu kuungana na lengo.

1. Badilisha jina la `/etc/iscsi/nodes/iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe/192.168.1.2\,3260\,1/` kuwa `/etc/iscsi/nodes/iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe/123.123.123.123\,3260\,1/`
2. Ndani ya `/etc/iscsi/nodes/iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe/123.123.123.123\,3260\,1/default`, badilisha mipangilio ya `node.conn[0].address` ili kuelekeza kwenye 123.123.123.123 badala ya 192.168.1.2. Hii inaweza kufanywa kwa amri kama `sed -i 's/192.168.1.2/123.123.123.123/g' /etc/iscsi/nodes/iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe/123.123.123.123\,3260\,1/default`

Sasa unaweza kuunganisha lengo kulingana na maelekezo katika kiungo.

### [Mount ISCSI on Windows](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2008-R2-and-2008/ee338476\(v=ws.10\)?redirectedfrom=MSDN)

## **Uhesabu wa mikono**
```bash
sudo apt-get install open-iscsi
```
Example from [iscsiadm docs](https://ptestmethod.readthedocs.io/en/latest/LFF-IPS-P2-VulnerabilityAnalysis.html#iscsiadm):

Kwanza kabisa unahitaji **kuvumbua majina ya malengo** nyuma ya IP:
```bash
iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 123.123.123.123:3260
123.123.123.123:3260,1 iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe
[2a01:211:7b7:1223:211:32ff:fea9:fab9]:3260,1 iqn.2000-01.com.synology:asd3.Target-1.d0280fd382
[fe80::211:3232:fab9:1223]:3260,1 iqn.2000-01.com.synology:Oassdx.Target-1.d0280fd382
```
_Note kwamba itaonyesha I**P na bandari za interfaces** ambapo unaweza **kufikia** hizo **malengo**. Inaweza hata **kuonyesha IP za ndani au IP tofauti** kutoka ile uliyotumia._

Kisha **shika sehemu ya 2 ya mfuatano wa maandiko ya kila mstari** (_iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe_ kutoka mstari wa kwanza) na **jaribu kuingia**:
```bash
iscsiadm -m node --targetname="iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe" -p 123.123.123.123:3260 --login
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe, portal: 123.123.123.123,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe, portal: 123.123.123.123,3260] successful.
```
Kisha, unaweza **logout** ukitumia `–logout`
```bash
iscsiadm -m node --targetname="iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe" -p 123.123.123.123:3260 --logout
Logging out of session [sid: 6, target: iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe, portal: 123.123.123.123,3260]
Logout of [sid: 6, target: iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe, portal: 123.123.123.123,3260] successful.
```
Tunaweza kupata **maelezo zaidi** kuhusu hilo kwa kutumia tu **bila** parameter yoyote ya `--login`/`--logout`
```bash
iscsiadm -m node --targetname="iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe" -p 123.123.123.123:3260
# BEGIN RECORD 2.0-873
node.name = iqn.1992-05.com.emc:fl1001433000190000-3-vnxe
node.tpgt = 1
node.startup = manual
node.leading_login = No
iface.hwaddress = <empty>
iface.ipaddress = <empty>
iface.iscsi_ifacename = default
iface.net_ifacename = <empty>
iface.transport_name = tcp
iface.initiatorname = <empty>
iface.bootproto = <empty>
iface.subnet_mask = <empty>
iface.gateway = <empty>
iface.ipv6_autocfg = <empty>
iface.linklocal_autocfg = <empty>
iface.router_autocfg = <empty>
iface.ipv6_linklocal = <empty>
iface.ipv6_router = <empty>
iface.state = <empty>
iface.vlan_id = 0
iface.vlan_priority = 0
iface.vlan_state = <empty>
iface.iface_num = 0
iface.mtu = 0
iface.port = 0
node.discovery_address = 192.168.xx.xx
node.discovery_port = 3260
node.discovery_type = send_targets
node.session.initial_cmdsn = 0
node.session.initial_login_retry_max = 8
node.session.xmit_thread_priority = -20
node.session.cmds_max = 128
node.session.queue_depth = 32
node.session.nr_sessions = 1
node.session.auth.authmethod = None
node.session.auth.username = <empty>
node.session.auth.password = <empty>
node.session.auth.username_in = <empty>
node.session.auth.password_in = <empty>
node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout = 120
node.session.err_timeo.abort_timeout = 15
node.session.err_timeo.lu_reset_timeout = 30
node.session.err_timeo.tgt_reset_timeout = 30
node.session.err_timeo.host_reset_timeout = 60
node.session.iscsi.FastAbort = Yes
node.session.iscsi.InitialR2T = No
node.session.iscsi.ImmediateData = Yes
node.session.iscsi.FirstBurstLength = 262144
node.session.iscsi.MaxBurstLength = 16776192
node.session.iscsi.DefaultTime2Retain = 0
node.session.iscsi.DefaultTime2Wait = 2
node.session.iscsi.MaxConnections = 1
node.session.iscsi.MaxOutstandingR2T = 1
node.session.iscsi.ERL = 0
node.conn[0].address = 192.168.xx.xx
node.conn[0].port = 3260
node.conn[0].startup = manual
node.conn[0].tcp.window_size = 524288
node.conn[0].tcp.type_of_service = 0
node.conn[0].timeo.logout_timeout = 15
node.conn[0].timeo.login_timeout = 15
node.conn[0].timeo.auth_timeout = 45
node.conn[0].timeo.noop_out_interval = 5
node.conn[0].timeo.noop_out_timeout = 5
node.conn[0].iscsi.MaxXmitDataSegmentLength = 0
node.conn[0].iscsi.MaxRecvDataSegmentLength = 262144
node.conn[0].iscsi.HeaderDigest = None
node.conn[0].iscsi.DataDigest = None
node.conn[0].iscsi.IFMarker = No
node.conn[0].iscsi.OFMarker = No
# END RECORD
```
**Kuna skripti ya kuandaa mchakato wa msingi wa kuhesabu subnet inapatikana kwenye** [**iscsiadm**](https://github.com/bitvijays/Pentest-Scripts/tree/master/Vulnerability\_Analysis/isciadm)

## **Shodan**

* `port:3260 AuthMethod`

## **Marejeleo**

* [https://bitvijays.github.io/LFF-IPS-P2-VulnerabilityAnalysis.html](https://bitvijays.github.io/LFF-IPS-P2-VulnerabilityAnalysis.html)
* [https://ptestmethod.readthedocs.io/en/latest/LFF-IPS-P2-VulnerabilityAnalysis.html#iscsiadm](https://ptestmethod.readthedocs.io/en/latest/LFF-IPS-P2-VulnerabilityAnalysis.html#iscsiadm)

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