hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/4840-pentesting-opc-ua.md

# 4840 - Pentesting OPC UA

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## Basic Information

**OPC UA**, inamaanisha **Open Platform Communications Unified Access**, ni protokali muhimu ya chanzo wazi inayotumika katika sekta mbalimbali kama vile Utengenezaji, Nishati, Anga, na Ulinzi kwa ajili ya kubadilishana data na kudhibiti vifaa. Inaruhusu vifaa vya wauzaji tofauti kuwasiliana, hasa na PLCs.

Mipangilio yake inaruhusu hatua kali za usalama, lakini mara nyingi, ili kuendana na vifaa vya zamani, hizi hupunguzwa, na kuweka mifumo katika hatari. Zaidi ya hayo, kupata huduma za OPC UA kunaweza kuwa ngumu kwani skana za mtandao zinaweza kutoweza kuzitambua ikiwa ziko kwenye bandari zisizo za kawaida.

**Bandari ya kawaida:** 4840
```text
PORT     STATE SERVICE REASON
4840/tcp open  unknown syn-ack
```
## Pentesting OPC UA

Ili kufichua masuala ya usalama katika seva za OPC UA, scan na [OpalOPC](https://opalopc.com/).
```bash
opalopc -vv opc.tcp://$target_ip_or_hostname:$target_port
```
### Kutumia udhaifu

Ikiwa udhaifu wa kupita uthibitisho umepatikana, unaweza kuunda [mteja wa OPC UA](https://www.prosysopc.com/products/opc-ua-browser/) ipasavyo na kuona unachoweza kufikia. Hii inaweza kuruhusu chochote kutoka kwa kusoma tu thamani za mchakato hadi kufanya kazi na vifaa vya viwandani vya nguvu.

Ili kupata wazo la kifaa unachofikia, soma thamani za nodi "ServerStatus" katika nafasi ya anwani na utafute mwongozo wa matumizi.

## Shodan

* `port:4840`

## Marejeleo

* [https://opalopc.com/how-to-hack-opc-ua/](https://opalopc.com/how-to-hack-opc-ua/)

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