hacktricks/binary-exploitation/common-binary-protections-and-bypasses/no-exec-nx.md

# No-exec / NX

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## Taarifa Msingi

**Biti ya No-Execute (NX)**, inayojulikana pia kama **Execute Disable (XD)** kwa lugha ya Intel, ni kipengele cha usalama kinachotegemea vifaa kilichoundwa kwa lengo la **kupunguza** athari za mashambulizi ya **kujaza kijizuu**. Wakati inapotekelezwa na kuwezeshwa, inatofautisha kati ya maeneo ya kumbukumbu yanayokusudiwa kwa **mifumo ya kutekelezeka** na ile inayolenga **data**, kama vile **stack** na **heap**. Wazo kuu ni kuzuia mtu anayeshambulia kutekeleza msimbo wa kudhuru kupitia udhaifu wa kujaza kijizuu kwa kuweka msimbo wa kudhuru kwenye stack kwa mfano na kuongoza mtiririko wa utekelezaji kwake.

## Kupitisha

* Inawezekana kutumia mbinu kama [**ROP**](../rop-return-oriented-programing/) **kupitisha** ulinzi huu kwa kutekeleza vipande vya msimbo wa kutekelezeka tayari uliopo kwenye faili ya binary.
* [**Ret2libc**](../rop-return-oriented-programing/ret2lib/)
* [**Ret2syscall**](../rop-return-oriented-programing/rop-syscall-execv/)
* **Ret2...**

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